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91 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Rotterdam Criteria
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for PCOS, need 2
irregular ovulation signs of hyperandrogenism polycystic appearing ovaries via US |
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what do the mesonephric ducts form in the M?
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seminal vesicles
epididymis ejaculatory duct ductus deferens |
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what is the tx for bacterial vaginosis?
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metronidazole
or clindamycin |
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what is the DOC for trichomoniasis?
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Metronidazole
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MC vulvovaginal tumor?
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bartholin's cyst
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MC bugs to cause bartholin's gland abscess?
tx? |
gonorrhea, E Coli
I&D, word catheter, marsupialization, ATBX |
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tx of preinvasive disease of vulva?
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wide local excision, laser ablation, superficial vulvectomy
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what is the MC histology of vaginal cancer?
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squamous
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where do vaginal LN's drain to?
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lower 1/3: inguinal nodes
upper 1/3: deep pelvic nodes |
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MC location of vaginal cancer
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proximal vaginal wall
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MC benign neoplastic growth of cervix?
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cervical polyps
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MC benign ovarian neoplasm?
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benign cystic teratoma (dermoid cyst)
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small, smooth solid ovarian neoplasm with large fibrotic component that resemble transitional cells of bladder
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brenner tumor
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a/w mucocele of appendix and may be complicated by pseudomyxoma peritonei
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mucinous cystadenoma
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1st line treatment of endometriosis
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analgesia: antiinflammatories/preostaglandin inhibitors
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MC site of endometriosis
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ovary
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which drug do you use to suppress gonadotropin secretion and endometrial implants in endometriosis?
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leupron (leuprolide acetate)
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which drug do you use to limit the hypoestrogen effect of leuprolide acetate?
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norethindrone or prempro ("add-back" regimen)
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when is it appropriate to d/c a surgery pt?
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voiding, ambulating, eating, good pain control
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what is the main CI to laparoscopic sugery?
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bowel obstruction
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what are the 3 categories of risk with informed consent?
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anesthesia
intraoperative risk post-op complication |
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BRCA1 on which Chr?
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17
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BRCA2 on which Chr?
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13
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what to suspect in a GYN pt with persistent watery vaginal d/c?
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fallopian tube carcinoma
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what is the MC type of ovarian cancer?
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epithelial
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how are ovarian cancers staged?
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surgically
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what is teh junction b/w squamous and epithelial on the cervix and what is its significance?
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original squamocolumnar juction
where the abnormal cells are |
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what is the area of metaplastic squamous epithelium b/w the original SCJ and the new SCJ of the cervix?
what is its significance? |
transformation zone
where you scrape w/ spatula |
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does smoking affect the progression of cervical cancer?
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yes
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where does invasive carcinoma of the cervix spread hematogenously?
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lungs, liver, bone
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which superficial ablative technique allows you to preserve cervical tissue for confirmation of treatment and further histo exam?
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LEEP
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folic acid antagonist that inhibits DNA synthesis and cell reproduction
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methtrexate
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what is the definition of a recurrent abortion?
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3 successive spontaneous abortions
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is smoking a risk factor for ectopic pregnancy?
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yes, 3-5x
(Langaker) |
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huge risk factor for ectopic pregnancy
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prior ectopic, 10x
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signs of peritoneal irritation
absence of gestational sac b-hCG > 2500 mIU/mL |
ectopic
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what is fecundidity?
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chance of pregnancy per month, about 18-20%
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WHO criteria for adequate sperm
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> 20 million/mL
motility > 50% mophology > 30% normal |
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preferred method of assessment for male infertility?
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sperm analysis
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preferred method of assessment for female infertility?
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history
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how long does it take sperm to mature?
what should you do if your sperm analysis is abnormal? |
70 days
repeat in 6-8 weeks |
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only prospective ovulation monitoring method
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LH urine kit
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what tells you about egg quality? what tells you about egg quantity?
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Age
FSH |
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is premature ovarian failure irreversible?
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not always
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how is menopause diagnosed?
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in retrospect, after about 1 year without menses
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what is the line of treatment for osteoporosis?
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exercise
then Vit D/Calcium then bisphosphonates |
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what is the primary indication for systemic ERT/HRT?
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moderate to severe vasomotor symtoms
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absolute CI for progestin implant
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breast cancer w/in last 5 years
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MOA of mirena
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thicken cervical mucus to prevent sperm entry
change endometrial environment (ie helps with meorrhagia) |
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do OCP's increase the risk of breast cancer, fibroids, or heart attacks?
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not in healthy women
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SAFE?
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safe in relationship
in relationship where afraid? (or abused) friends/family aware or supportive emergency plan |
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can dr call police for abused pt if she says no?
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no
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what is the def of PTSD?
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complex of somatic, cognitive, affective, and behavioral effects of psychological trauma
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what is likely the most effective method of preventing child abuse?
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routinely asking about domestic violence
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what are the complication of an illegal abortion?
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infection and/or sepsis
damage to uterus/other organs hemorrhage death |
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1st line tx for stress urinary incontinence
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PT
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gold standard for dx of stress urinary incontinence
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cystometrogram
to eval detrusor muscle |
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gold standard tx for overactive bladder
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anticholinergics: oxybutynin choloride or tolterodine
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PLISSIT
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permission
limited info specific suggestions intensive therapy |
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tx for chlamydia
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azithromycin
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RUQ pain, refers to R shoulder, female
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fitz hugh curtis syndrome
gonorrhea moves through tubes and out into abd to liver, s/s of gallstones/infection, pus/scars in abd |
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how are estrogens metabolized?
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CYP450
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name of non-oral progestin patch
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norelgestromin
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generic name for mirena?
how long can you leave it in? |
levonorgestrel IUD
5 years |
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which hormone should you increase in the tx of early cycle or break though bleeding?
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E
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which hormone should you increase in the tx of late cycle or early menses?
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P
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which two drugs are for the treatment and prevention of ER+ breast cancer?
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tamoxifen
toremifene |
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which SERM promotes production of TGF-beta?
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toremifene
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which SERM has the (typically undesirable) effect of stimulating endometrial proliferation and thickening?
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tamoxifen
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does raloxifene affect non-invasive BC? does it induce proliferation/thickening of endometrial tissues?
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no
no |
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MC STD to cause d/c?
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chlamydia trachomatis
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MC STD?
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chlamydia trachomatis
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which bacteria has no cell wall, but a triple layered unit membrane containing sterol?
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mycoplasma
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what pathogen grows at the normal vaginal pH of 4.0?
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candida albicans
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which stages of syphilis is/are contagious?
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primary and secondary
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which pathogen do you culture on Mueller-Hinton agar?
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H. ducreyi
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which pathogen is visualized with a Giemsa stain?
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Klebsiella granulomatis (donovanosis)
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what characterizes recurrent HSV infection?
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atypical signs, pain without vesicular lesion
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accumulation of viral proteins in nucleus of cell
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cowdry body
HSV |
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which test screens for HIV? which confirms a screen?
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ELISA
Western blot |
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with which pathogen do you see eosinophilic inclusion bodies in the cytoplasm of infected cells?
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molluscum contagiosum
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Anti-HBsAg = ?
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immunization
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best predictor of CIN prognosis?
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stage
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what is the MCC of death with CIN?
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renal failure from local spread, urinary symptoms and obstruction
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2 of which 3 criteria to dx endometriosis?
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endometrial glands
endometrial stroma hemosiderin |
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typical bug seen with IUD infection?
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actinomycosis
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do bacteria usually invade the ovary?
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seldom, probably bc of the very dense CT substance
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where do mets TO the ovary usually come from?
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breast, stomach
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oil red (+) ovarian tumor
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thecoma
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oil red (-) ovarian tumor
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fibroma
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Reinke crystals in what cells?
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Leydig
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