Repiratory

Front 1

What function do the nasal turbinates serve

Back 1

Warming and humidifying inhaled air

Front 2

A patient who is experiencing an allergic reaction states that his tongue “feels thick” and speaks at a low volume. You should immediately evaluate for:

Back 2

angioedema

Front 3

The oropharynx and nasopharynx meet in the back of the throat at the:

Back 3

hypopharynx

Front 4

The MOST obvious external landmark of the larynx is the

Back 4

thyroid cartilage

Front 5

On either side of the glottis, tissue forms a pocket called the

Back 5

piriform fossa

Front 6

The _________ cartilage forms a complete ring and maintains the trachea in an open position

Back 6

cricoid

Front 7

The ________ membrane is relatively avascular and is covered by skin and minimal subcutaneous tissue

Back 7

cricothyroid

Front 8

Anatomic dead space is about ____ per pound of body weight

Back 8

1 mL

Front 9

The mainstem bronchus ends at the level of the:

Back 9

bronchioles

Front 10

________ cells are found in the lining of the airways and produce a blanket of mucus that covers the entire lining of the conducting airways.

Back 10

Goblet

Front 11

What type of medication dries secretions in the airway and prevents the cilia from removing them effectively

Back 11

Antihistamine

Front 12

If the amount of pulmonary surfactant is decreased alveolar surface tension ____

Back 12

increases

Front 13

In a person who is not bedridden, most pulmonary infections occur in the:

Back 13

bases of the lungs

Front 14

Polycythemia is a condition in which

Back 14

excess red blood cells are produced in response to chronic hypoxia

Front 15

right sided heart failure secondary to chronic lung disease is called

Back 15

Cor Pulmonale

Front 16

___________ pt's become hypercapneic and acidotic

Back 16

hypoventilating

Front 17

Hypernea and tachypnea cause an ___ in minute volume

Back 17

increase

Front 18

difficulty with exhalation is characteristic of what type of lung problem

Back 18

obstructuve lung disease (COPD)

Front 19

short brisk inhalations with a long pause before exhalation is what type of breathing pattern

Back 19

apneustic

Front 20

____ respirations are characterised by a grossly irregular pattern that may be accompanied by lengthy periods of apnea

Back 20

biots

Front 21

an unresponsive pt who OD on central nervous sytem depressants would be expected to have ___ respirations

Back 21

bradypneic

Front 22

reflex that causes you to cough if you inhale to deeply

Back 22

Hering-breur reflex

Front 23

reflex that keeps you from overinflating your lungs

Back 23

Hering-bruer reflex

Front 24

The byproduct of cellular respiration

Back 24

carbon dioxide

Front 25

excess carbon dioxide elimination results in

Back 25

respiratiory alkalosis

Front 26

_____ is an early sign of hypoxia

Back 26

anxiety , combativeness

Front 27

a pt that experiences orthopnea will usually be found in what position when SOB

Back 27

Sitting

Front 28

barrel chest appearance in emphysema pt's is secondary to___

Back 28

air being trapped in the lungs

Front 29

what does it tell you if a pt with respiratory distress is willing to lie flat

Back 29

possible acute deterioration

Front 30

retractions of the sternum and rib cage is most commonly seen in

Back 30

infants and small children

Front 31

what is it called when the epigastrium and thorax move in opposite directions during breathing

Back 31

paradoxial movement

Front 32

A pt with quiet tachypnea is most likely experiencing

Back 32

shock

Front 33

increased pco2 levels manifest as what sign

Back 33

sleepiness or sedation

Front 34

PO2 is _____

Back 34

partial pressure oxygen

Front 35

PCO2 is

Back 35

patial pressure of carbon dioxide

Front 36

_____ occurs when mild pressure placed on the liver further engorges jugular veins

Back 36

hepatojugular reflux

Front 37

hepatojugular reflux is most suggestive of

Back 37

right sided heart failure

Front 38

right sided heart failure causes ___ vascular system backup

Back 38

systemic

Front 39

left sided heart failure causes ____ vascular system backup

Back 39

pulmonary

Front 40

digital clubbing is indicative of

Back 40

chronic hypoxia

Front 41

diaphragm of stethoscope is used to asculate what type of sounds

Back 41

high pitched breath sounds

Front 42

if pt suffers from pneumonia you are most likely to here abnormal breath sounds where

Back 42

bases of the lungs

Front 43

____ are the most commmonly heard breath sounds, and have a much more inspiratory component

Back 43

vesicular

Front 44

there are two mormal breath sounds name them

Back 44

vesicular and bronchial

Front 45

breath sounds heard over the lung tissue are called

Back 45

vesicular breathing

Front 46

inspiratory and expiratory ____ sounds are both loud, but the inspiratory sounds are shorter than expiratory

Back 46

bronchial

Front 47

normal breath sounds heard over the thoax

Back 47

vesicular

Front 48

the presence of diffuse ronchi in the lungs indicates

Back 48

thick secretions in the large airways

Front 49

a pt who is coughing up purulent sputum is indicative of

Back 49

infection

Front 50

frothy sputum that has a pink tinge indicates

Back 50

pulmonary edema / CHF / left heart failure

Front 51

if a pt's hemoglobin level is low due to hemmorrhage you can expect the Pao2 to read

Back 51

high

Front 52

if all a pt's hemoglobin molecules are attached to oxygen the pt's oxygen saturation will read

Back 52

high

Front 53

low levels of hemoglobin will cause ____ changes in O2 saturation when _____ changes in paO2 occur

Back 53

large changes, in sats will occur with small changes in PaO2

Front 54

with regard to pulse oximetry the more hypoxic a pt becomes the ___ he will desaturate

Back 54

faster

Front 55

purple ETCO2 detector indicates carbon dioxide level of less than

Back 55

less then 0.5%

Front 56

when bicarbonate ions migrate into the cerebrospinal fluid of a chronically hypoventilating patient, making the brain think that acid and base are in balance this is known as

Back 56

hypoxic drive

Front 57

When auscultating the lungs of a patient with early pulmonary edema, you will MOST likely hear:

Back 57

crackles in the bases of the lungs at the end of inspiration

Front 58

A patient who is coughing up thick pulmonary secretions should NOT take:

Back 58

antitussive or diuretic

Front 59

pt has excessive mucous production and a chronic or recurrent productive cough dx

Back 59

chronic bronchitis

Front 60

characterized by changes in pulmonary structure and function that are progressive and irreversible

Back 60

COPD

Front 61

The colorimetric end-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) detector would MOST likely give a false positive reading in an adult if _____

Back 61

pt recently drank a carbonated beverage

Front 62

bell of the stethoscope is used to listen to

Back 62

low pitched heart sounds

Front 63

The diaphragm of the stethoscope is designed to auscultate:

Back 63

high pitched lung sounds

Front 64

Pneumonitis is especially common in older patients with:

Back 64

chronic food aspiration

Front 65

pt with pneumonia, may experience coughing fit when they roll from side to side , Why?

Back 65

pneumonia isusually in one lung and localized, when pt rolls it moves the fluid and initiates coughing reflex

Front 66

epligottits has become rare Why?

Back 66

immunizations

Front 67

signs of epiglottitis

Back 67

fever, drooling

Front 68

why is croup mostly seen in children

Back 68

childs airway is narrower so very little swelling results in airway obstruction

Front 69

older pt's that have chronic food aspiration are likely to suffer from ___ more often then most people

Back 69

pneumonia

Front 70

4 common findings in pt with COPD are: abd muscle use, chronic air trappping in lungs, pursed lip breathing and ____

Back 70

increased expiratory phase

Front 71

bronchospasm , edema, and mucous production combined are signs of ___ airway disease

Back 71

reactive

Front 72

primary treatment for bronchospasm

Back 72

bronhodilator therapy

Front 73

corticosteroid use takes how long to reduce airway edema

Back 73

few hours

Front 74

primary treatment for airway bronchial edema

Back 74

corticosteroid therapy

Front 75

pt who presents with physical exhaustion and inaudible breath sounds DX

Back 75

status asthmaticus

Front 76

chronic destruction of aveolar walls results in

Back 76

emphysema

Front 77

excessive mucous production and chronic productive cough Dx

Back 77

chronic bronchitis

Front 78

COPD pt has fever and localized ronchi Dx

Back 78

pneumonia

Front 79

evironmental changes such as sudden temp changes effect COPD pt's how?

Back 79

exacerbates their condition

Front 80

if you ventilate an asthma or COPD pt to rapidly or with to much tidal volume what may result

Back 80

pneumothorax, or decrease in venous return due to high thoracic pressures

Front 81

high thoracic pressure has what if any effect on venous blood supply

Back 81

high pressure decreases venous return

Front 82

when nonfunctional alveoli inhibit pulmonary gas exchange what happens in the lungs

Back 82

intrapulmonary shunting

Front 83

in early pulmonary edema you would expect what lung sounds

Back 83

crakles in thebase of the lungs at the end of inspiration