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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Loope Diuretics
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Used in treatment of CHF, cirrhosis,
HTN & renal disease |
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Diamox
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- used to reduce intraocular pressure (glaucoma)
- and help w/ seizures |
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Lasix
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- onset 1-4 hrs, quicker w/IV
-recom. IV dosage 10mg/min push |
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Side Effects of Lasix
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- dry mouth
- GI distress, give oral med w/food/milk - orthostatic hypotension |
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Lasix nursing consideration
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- pt. teaching important
- can become dig toxic - monitor electolyte labs & drug toxicities |
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Digoxin Toxicity
classic signs |
blurred vision
muscle weakness |
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Thiazides
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-used to block reabsorption of Na & Chloride
(leads to inc. water & K excretion) -help tx edema from CHF, renal & hepatic disease preg, obese & PMS |
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Thiazides
- Diuril - Hydrochlorthiazide (HCTZ) - Zaroxolyn |
SE: GI distress, weakness, ortho hypo, dizzy
NC: problems w/electro imbalances, potassium dilute |
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Potassium
Sparing Diuretics |
- similar to Thiazides, but potas. is reabsorbed
- used as diuretic & antihypertensive |
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Potassium Sparing Diuretics
- Amiloride - ALDACTONE (good w/ascites) - Dyrenium (triamterene) |
SE: GI distress, HA, may be given w/food/milk
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Combination Diuretics
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- increase effectiveness or decreases the
side effects of using one diuretic alone |
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Combination Diuretics
- Aldactone/HTC=Aldactazide - Triamterene 50mg/HCTZ 25mg=DYAZIDE - Triamterene 75mg/HCTZ 50mg=Maxide |
- not much potassium issues
- may see paranoia w/higher doses- goes away when stop taking |
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Ditropan (anticholinergic)
Acts on Bladder |
- effect on bladder, relaxes smooth muscle & acts as antispasmotic
- dec. normal bladder contractions and need to void |
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Ditropan
-Side Effects -Contraindications |
SE: dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, urinary retention (anticholinergic)
Contra: glaucoma, Myastynia Gravis -works well w/other exer. like Kegel |
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Urecholine (cholinergic)
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- bladder stimulant, causes urination
-pts. that had cath in place long time, muscles stayed open - will contract muscles - oral or subq |
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Urecholine
Antidote: Atropine -Side Effects |
- flushed skin initially, HA, NVD, may have involuntary defication, inc. perspiration
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Pyridium
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- urinary analgesic/anesthetic
- works on bladder & ureters w/in 30 mins - diminsh burning/urgency - tx bladder spasms or p cystoscopy for discomfort |
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Urinary Antimicrobials
- Sulfas (Bactrim) - Gentamycin (tx gram-) - Trimethoprim (Trimpex) |
- inc. fluids to help dipurse med into kidney bed
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Additional Urinary Antimicrobials
- Norfloxacin (Noroxin) |
- broad spectrum (tx gram -/+)
- GI distress, HA - food/milk will inhibit absorption give 1hr a or 2hr p meal |
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Mandelamine
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- only for UTI's
- only works in acidic urine, take w/Vit C - forms formaldahyde in body & kills bacteria - dipstick urine for acidity |
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NegGram
Antimicrobial |
- tx gram - organisms
- GI distress, blurred vision, HA, can take w/ food/milk |
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Nitrodurantoin (Furadantin, Macrodantin)
Antimicrobial |
- broad spectrum, UTI's only
- may tint urine - tingling of arms & legs, give w/food -stored in dark container -antacids w/magnesium inhibit drug |
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Hyperuricemia Drugs
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- kidneys do not excrete uric acid
- collects in tissues/joints causing gout (great toe) |
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Allopurinol
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- blocks production of uric acid
- used for chronic tx of disease - may take 6mos. to see uric acid levels change - GI distress, HA, dizzy, can be toxic - monitor labs |
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Colchicine
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-prevent or relieve acute attacks of gout
- alters uric acid crystals ability to deposit in tissues - not affect serum uric acid levels - baseline bloodwork, 12 hrs to get initial effect - watch for extravisation- do not let med infiltrate into tissues |
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Benemid (probenecid)
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- inc. renal excretion of uric acid by inhibiting reabsorption of urate in kidney
- not effective in acute attacks - to work, must inc. fluids - do not give if Hx of stones, will cause more to form |
