Renal Unit

Front 1

Looks at shape and size, it can show stones or obstructions. It is the X-ray of kidneys, ureter, bladder studies

Back 1

KUB

Front 2

Uses sound waves to detect abnormalities in tissues and organs / it measures urine In the bladder ( residual) bladder needs to be

Back 2

Ultrasonography measured

Full bladder

Front 3

Measures the renal excretion of urea nitrogen, a by product of protein metabolism of the liver

Back 3

BUN

Normal. 7-20

Decreased renal failure, excessive protein intake, dehydration

Increase means malnourished, over hydration, and liver damage

Front 4

Abnormally high levels of waste products in blood

Back 4

Uremia

Front 5

Restrict sodium and protein and give diuretics and carbohydrates??

Back 5

Acute glomerulonephritis

Front 6

Abnormally high levels of waste products in blood

Back 6

Uremia

Front 7

Restrict sodium and protein and give diuretics and carbohydrates??

Back 7

Acute glomerulonephritis

Front 8

This disease is characterized by proteinuria

Back 8

Chronic glomerulonephritis

Front 9

A kidney disorder that causes the body to excrete too much protein in the urine.

It is a cluster of clinical findings that reflect underlying organ damage

Back 9

Nephrotic syndrome

Front 10

Disorder that causes structural changes in the glomerulus resulting in Renal loss of protein resulting in a Edema

Back 10

Nephrotic syndrome

Hint 10

Front 11

This disease is diagnosed with a needle biopsy of the kidney

Back 11

Nephrotic syndrome

Front 12

This lab test increases at a rate dependent on the degree of protein catabolism and Renal perfusion and fluid and protein intake

Back 12

BUN

Front 13

This lab test is more sensitive indicator of renal function then be you and it increases with glomerular damage and is used to monitor kidney function and disease progression

Back 13

Serum creatinine

Front 14

This lab test increases at a rate dependent on the degree of protein catabolism and Renal perfusion and fluid and protein intake

Back 14

BUN

Front 15

This lab test is more sensitive indicator of renal function then be you and it increases with glomerular damage and is used to monitor kidney function and disease progression

Back 15

Serum creatinine

Front 16

With Burns and crash injuries Myoglobin a protein released from the muscles when Injury occurs and hemoglobin are liberated causing obstruction Renal toxicity and in ischemia

Back 16

Myoglobinuria

Or rhabdomyolysis

Front 17

Hyperkalemia may be reduced by administering this via orally, NG tube or retention enema

Back 17

Kayexalate (polystyrene sulfonate) exchanged sodium ions for potassium ions in the intestinal tract

Front 18

Foods containing potassium

Back 18

Bananas, citrus, tomatoes, melons

Front 19

Rising this can lead to confusion and lethargy

Back 19

Bun

Front 20

Why do seizures occur in esrf?

Back 20

Azotemia

Front 21

Why does someone with renal disease develop ulcers in the G.I. Tract

Back 21

Because chronic kidney disease places the body in stress

Front 22

Why does chronic kidney disease cause metabolic acidosis

Back 22

Because The G.I. track is unable to excrete acids excrete hydrogen ions and reabsorb bicarbonate

Front 23

Why does chronic kidney disease cause metabolic acidosis

Back 23

Because The G.I. track is unable to excrete acids excrete hydrogen ions and reabsorb bicarbonate

Front 24

Pain renal colic hematuria master swelling in the flank Ecchymosis and lacerations of the lateral and and Frank

Back 24

Renal trauma

Front 25

Why does chronic kidney disease cause metabolic acidosis

Back 25

Because The G.I. track is unable to excrete acids excrete hydrogen ions and reabsorb bicarbonate

Front 26

Why does chronic kidney disease cause metabolic acidosis

Back 26

Because The G.I. track is unable to excrete acids excrete hydrogen ions and reabsorb bicarbonate

Front 27

Pain renal colic hematuria master swelling in the flank Ecchymosis and lacerations of the lateral and and Frank

Back 27

Renal trauma

Front 28

What is the most common manifestation of renal trauma

Back 28

Hematuria

Front 29

Ecchymosis over the flank area

Back 29

Grey turners signs

Front 30

Why does chronic kidney disease cause metabolic acidosis

Back 30

Because The G.I. track is unable to excrete acids excrete hydrogen ions and reabsorb bicarbonate

Front 31

Pain renal colic hematuria master swelling in the flank Ecchymosis and lacerations of the lateral and and Frank

Back 31

Renal trauma

Front 32

What is the most common manifestation of renal trauma

Back 32

Hematuria

Front 33

Ecchymosis over the flank area

Back 33

Grey turners signs

Front 34

Ecchymosis over the Periumbilical area

Back 34

Cullen's sign

Front 35

Urine is. Formed here

Back 35

In the nephrons

Front 36

Urine is. Formed here

Back 36

In the nephrons

Front 37

Three step process to make Urine

Back 37

Glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion

Front 38

Proteinuria greater than ----- is indicative of nephrotic syndrome and glomerular disease

Back 38

3.5

Front 39

Proteinuria greater than ----- is indicative of nephrotic syndrome and glomerular disease

Back 39

3.5

Front 40

The most life threatening effect of renal failure

Back 40

Retention of potassium

Front 41

This test refers to the kidneys ability to clear solutes from the plasma it is a 24 hour collection of urine it's factors include how quickly the substance is filtered across the glomerulus how much of the substance is reabsorbed along the two tubules and how much of the substance secreted into the tubules

Back 41

Renal clearance

Front 42

Endogenous waste product of skeletal muscle that is filtered at the glomerulus pass through the tubules with minimal change, and excreted in the urine! making it a good measure of the glomerular filtration rate

Back 42

Creatinine

Front 43

Urge to void starts at and it definitely feels at

Back 43

150-250

350

Front 44

If residual urine is more that 100

Back 44

It is increased risk for infection

Front 45

Why does diabetes increase risk for uti

Back 45

Increase glucose in urine = +environment for bacteria

Front 46

Bacteria entered the urinary Tract by three ways

Back 46

Ascending ( moving up urethra)

Hematogenous spread (through blood stream)

Direct extension ( fistula or hole in the intestines where batería are rampant)

Front 47

Which route is more common

Back 47

Ascending route

E. Coli

Front 48

This confirms a UTI

Back 48

UA

Hint 48

Front 49

What can cause pyelonephritis

Back 49

Ureterovesical valve

If chronic will need dialysis or transplant

Front 50

What does an IVP diagnose

Back 50

Stones, cyst, and obstructions

Front 51

Wilmors tumor favors what kidney

Back 51

L kidney

Do not palpate de abd

Front 52

Neurological changes respiratory changes cardiovascular changes nausea vomiting anorexia hickups uremic frost anemia sexual dysfunction Fetor

Back 52

Chronic kidney failure

Front 53

End stage renal failure is characterized by a GFR of

Back 53

Less than 15 mL per minute

Front 54

When blood glucose leves rose about 220 mg/dl renal threshold for reabsorption is exceeded and

Back 54

Glucose is found in urine

Front 55

When fluid intake decreases the specific gravity

Back 55

Increases and vice versa

Front 56

The end product of muscle and protein metabolism

Back 56

Creatinine

Front 57

Normal GFR Is

Back 57

60 or greater

Front 58

Normal GFR Is

Back 58

60 or greater

Front 59

What is the best indicator of overall kidney function?

Back 59

Creatinine clearance

Calculates measure of GFR filtration rate

Front 60

Measures the renal excretion of urine nitrogen a byproduct of protein metabolism in the liver however it is not the best indicator for kidney function

Back 60

BUN

Normal range is 10-20

Front 61

Best test to diagnose bladder ca

Back 61

Cystoscopy

Hint 61

Front 62

Proteins secreted by damaged kidney tubules

Back 62

Cast ( urinary cast)

Front 63

Why mental changes with acute glomerulonephritis?

Back 63

Due to build up of nitrogenous waste