Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
2 renal neoplasms
|
nephroblastoma (Wilms tumor)
mesoblastic nephroma |
|
|
3 benign adult neoplasms
|
papillary adenoma
oncocytoma angiomyolipoma |
|
|
2 malignant adult neoplasms
|
renal cell carcinoma
urothelial carcinoma |
|
|
Wilms tumor is made up of what general kind of tissue
|
embryonal
|
|
|
3 tissue type constituents usually present in Wilms tumor
|
blastema
epithelium stroma |
|
|
what is a blastema and what tumor is assx with
|
small packed cells with little cytoplasm that grow in cords; present in Wilms tumor
|
|
|
peak incidence of Wilms tumor occurs at what age
|
1-3 yo
|
|
|
most common pediatric renal tumor
|
Wilms tumor
|
|
|
rule of 5s assx with Wilms tumor
|
5% of childhood cancers
5% bilateral 5% multicentric 5% anaplastic (worse) |
|
|
Wilms tumor usually mets where
|
lungs
|
|
|
clinical signs of Wilms tumor
|
abdominal mass
abdominal pain GI obstruction hematuria |
|
|
poor prognostic features of Wilms tumor
|
anaplasia
age >2 large size |
|
|
cure rate for Wilms tumor
|
80-90%
|
|
|
tx of Wilms tumor
|
nephrectomy + chemo
|
|
|
pathogenesis of WIlms tumor
|
loss or mutation in WT1 and WT2 (gene regulators)
|
|
|
triphasic appearance on micro
|
Wilms tumor
|
|
|
congenital mesoblastic nephroma is a tumor composed of what kind of cells
|
spindle
|
|
|
congenital mesoblastic nephroma is composed of spindle cells that resemble what
|
immature tissue from mesoderm (sm. muscle, cartilage)
|
|
|
most common renal tumor of infancy (1mo-12mo)
|
congenital mesoblastic nephroma
|
|
|
childhood tumor where mets are rare
|
congenital mesoblastic nephroma
|
|
|
childhood tumor where mets to lung are common
|
Wilms tumor
|
|
|
tx of congenital mesoblastic nephroma
|
nephrectomy with wide margins
|
|
|
adult renal neoplasms usually show histogenesis from what type of cell
|
epithelial (tubular cell)
|
|
|
papillary adenoma has to be what size
|
<5mm
|
|
|
if papillary adenoma is >5mm what is it considered
|
papillary renal cell carcinoma
|
|
|
most common renal tubular epithelial neoplasm
|
papillary adenoma
|
|
|
renal tumor assx with acquired cystic renal disease
|
papillary adenoma
|
|
|
clinical signs of papillary adenoma
|
usually asymptomatic
|
|
|
location of tumor in papillary adenoma
|
subscapular in cortex
|
|
|
why are renal oncocytomas colored brown
|
full of dysfunctional mitochondria
|
|
|
well circumscribed benign lesion
mahogany brown |
renal oncocytoma
|
|
|
central stellate scar on micro
|
renal oncocytoma
|
|
|
mesenchymal (mesodermal) tumor
|
angiomyolipoma
|
|
|
renal tumor assx with several hereditary disorders
|
angiomyolipoma
|
|
|
fatalities can result from angiomyolipoma due to
|
massive hemorrhage
|
|
|
hereditary disorders assx with angiomyolipoma
|
tuberous sclerosis
von recklinghausen dz von hippel lindau polycystic kidney dz |
|
|
multifocality seen in angiomyolipoma indicates what
|
tuberous sclerosis
|
|
|
angiomyolipoma is made up of what tissue
|
blood vessels
smooth muscle adipose |
|
|
most common malignant renal neoplasm in adults
|
renal cell carcinoma
|
|
|
tumor with large amounts of glycogen inside cells
|
clear cell RCC
|
|
|
urothelial carcinomas occur where in the kidney
|
calyces
pelvis |
|
|
bilateral RCC tumors are indicative of
|
underlying syndrome (tuberosclerosis von hippel lindau)
|
|
|
risk factors for RCC
|
cigs
|
|
|
classic triad of sx in RCC
|
flank pain
palpable mass hematuria (most common) |
|
|
adult tumor with high rate of mets at presentation
|
RCC
|
|
|
prognosis of RCC is dependent on what
|
tumor stage
nuclear grade |
|
|
tx of RCC
|
surgical resection
(chemo not effective) |
|
|
two subtypes of RCC
|
clear cell
papillary collecting duct renal medullary |
|
|
clear cell RCC involves a mutation in what gene
|
VHL
|
|
|
VHL is what type of gene
|
tumor suppressor
|
|
|
mutations in VHL (clear cell RCC) result in high levels of what cell growth factor
|
VEGF
|
|
|
prognosis of clear cell RCC
|
50% die
|
|
|
what is the Fuhrman grade and which tumor is it important in determining prognosis
|
grade of nuclei; clear cell RCC
|
|
|
second most common type of RCC
|
papillary
|
|
|
papillary RCC can involve a mutation in what gene
|
c-met
|
|
|
type of RCC assx with ESRD
|
papillary
|
|
|
type of RCC that presents with multiple lesions
|
papillary
|
|
|
papillary RCC are by definition at least what size
|
.5 cm
|
|
|
papillary RCC have a (better/worse) prognosis than clear cell RCC
|
better
|
|
|
fibrovascular cores with foam cells (macs with lipids inside)
|
papillary RCC
|
|
|
prognosis for chromophobe RCC
|
good, with nephrectomy
|
|
|
chromophobe RCC presents similar to what benign tumor
|
oncocytoma
|
|
|
worst prognosis of all RCC
|
collecting duct carcinoma
|
|
|
prevalence of collecting duct carcinoma
|
rare .1% of RCC
|
|
|
clinical signs of collecting duct carcinoma
|
painless hematuria
|
|
|
type of RCC seen in dialysis patients
|
papillary
|
|
|
RCC associated with sickle cell trait or disease
|
renal medullary carcinoma
|
|
|
type of RCC seen in african americans or mediteranean populations
|
renal medullary carcinoma
|
|
|
very rare and very aggressive form of RCC
|
renal medullary carcinoma
|
|
|
urothelial carcinomas are tumors of what type of epithelium
|
transitional
|
|
|
tumor assx with multifocal lesions in ureter or bladder
|
renal urothelial carcinoma
|
|
|
risk factors for urothelial carcinomas
|
smoking
|
|
|
prognosis of urothelial carcinomas
|
histologic grade
presence of invasion |
