Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Location of Kidney
|
One on each side of vertebral column in lower back
|
|
|
Size of Kidney
|
2 inches in length
|
|
|
Function of kidneys
|
Filters water
glucose amino acids urea creatinine major electrolytes in blood forms urine in nephron |
|
|
What does the kidney secrete
|
erythropoietin which stimulates RBC production
|
|
|
What does the kidney regulate
|
Calcium and Phosphate
|
|
|
What makes up the nephron
|
Glomerulus
Bowman's Capsule Proxmial Convoluted Tubule Loop of Henle Distal tubule Collecting duct |
|
|
Normal urine output
|
1500-1600cc/24 hours
|
|
|
What can poor kidney function result in
|
Anemia
Impaired calcium absorption |
|
|
Location of the ureters
|
Connecdts kidney to bladder
|
|
|
Size of the ureters
|
5 inches in length
|
|
|
Function of ureters
|
Transports sterile urine to bladder
|
|
|
Location of bladder
|
In pelvic cavity behind the symphysis pubis. Above the detrusor muscle
|
|
|
How is the bladder different in men and women
|
Men: Rests against the anterior wall of the rectum
Women: Rests against the anterior wall of the uterus and vagina. |
|
|
Bladder size
|
About your fist
|
|
|
Function of bladder
|
receptacle for urine. Normal volume is 600cc, with age it decreases to 250cc
|
|
|
When should you clamp a foley catheter?
|
After each 1000cc removed and wait 5 minutes to avoid bladder spasms
|
|
|
Location of the urethra
|
Inferior aspect of bladder
|
|
|
Size of the Urethra
|
Men: 8 inches in length
Women: 1.5-2.5 inches in length |
|
|
Function of urethra
|
Conduit connecting bladder to outside of the body
|
|
|
What might inhibit the urge to void or allow voiding?
|
The Brain
|
|
|
Process of urination
|
Bladder contracts
Relaxation of the urethral sphincter Contraction of the deltrusor muscle |
|
|
Nurses should asses what about the urine?
|
Color
Clarity Odor Amount |
|
|
What are some renal system lab assessments?
|
Urinalysis
Specific Gravity Culture and Sensitivity 24 Hour Urine Blood Urea Nitrogen Creatinine |
|
|
Decreased blood flow to and through the kidney
|
Prerenal Disease
|
|
|
Disease conditions of the kidney
|
Renal Disease
|
|
|
Obstruction that occurs below the kidney preventing urine flow through the system
|
Postrenal Disease
|
|
|
Examples of Disease conditions
|
Diabetes Mellitus
Multiple Sclerosis (post renal) Heart Failure (prerenal) BPH (post renal) Alzheimer disease causes overflow incontinence |
|
|
Common Renal system diagnostics
|
Renal Ultrasound
Intravenous Pyelogram (IVP) Abdominal Xray (KUB) Post Void Residual |
|
|
Soundwave that breaks up kidney stones
|
Lythotripsy
|
|
|
Other nursing assessment considerations
|
Sociocultural
Psychological Fluid Balance Surgical Procedures Medications Diagnostic Examinations History of Pregnancy Limitations in Mobility |
|
|
Sociocultural issues
|
Privacy
Gender of the Caregiver |
|
|
Physiological Issues
|
Adequate Time
Fluid Balance Thirst Response |
|
|
Medication Issues
|
Anticholinergics and Antihistamines can make them retain
|
|
|
Diagnostic Exams
|
Systoscopy (visualization of bladder)
|
|
|
Pregnancy Issues
|
Weak Deltrusor muscle contributes to either continence or incontinence
Decreased Mobility |
|
|
What nurses promote to patients in terms of renal system
|
Risk Factors r/t disease
prescribed medications Maintain hydration to flush bladder Reduce caffeine in diet that prompts diuresis Insure hygiene to reduce pathogen access Teach kegel exercises Maintain mobility to get to bathroom Ingestion of cranberry or blueberry juice Timely toileting |
|
|
Common alterations in Urinary Elimination
|
Urinary Tract Infections
Urinary Retention Urinary Incontinence Urinary Diversions |
|
|
coughing, deep breathing, sneezing that changes pressure that creates loss of urine
|
Stress Incontinence
|
|
|
Loss of feeling in the bladder that has no idea their bladder is full
|
Overflow Incontinence
|
|
|
not utilizing the full use of the renal system to let urine expel from the body
|
Urinary Diversions
|
|
|
Section of small intestine is taken and ureters are implanted directly to it creates a stoma on the skin
|
Illeal Loop
|
