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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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three layers of supportive tissue around the kidneys.
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1) Renal capsule: fibrous, adheres directly to kidney surface, strong barrier against microorganisms. This layer keeps from infection.
2) Adipose capsule: Cushions, helps hold kidney in place and adds extra bulk to provide cushioning. Crash diets make adipose tissue go away and the ureter can get kinked which is called renal ptosis. Very dangerous! 3) Renal fascia: dense Connective tissue surrounds adrenal glands and kidney; it has an anchoring role. |
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Internal Anatomy: Cortex
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the outer surface where the filtering of blood occurs. Urine comes from here, and whatever nutrients are needed will be pulled back as the cortex filters the fluid. The renal cortex is light in color and has a granular appearance.
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Internal Anatomy: Medulla
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a darker color which exhibits cone shaped tissue masses called medullary or renal pyramids. The dark pink parts of the medullary pyramids have a stripped appearance because structurally they are composed of multiple ducts. These ducts are collecting urine so that it may proceed onto the ureter. They are seperated by renal columns (cortical tissue); each medullary unit is 1/8th of the kidney. Aka, 8 renal pyramids and surrounding renal columns make up one kidney.
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Internal Anatomy: Pelvis
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(iii) Pelvis is a flat, funnel-shaped tube continuous with ureter leaving the hilum. Brancing extensions of the pelvis form two or three major calyces. Each one subdivides to form several minor calyces, cup-shaped areas that enclose the papillae.
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Internal Anatomy: Calyces
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collect urine. Walls of calyces, pelvis, ureter contain smooth muscle; propel urine by peristalsis.
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Pyelitis?
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is a bladder infection that affect the renal pelvis and calyces. Infections or inflammations that affect the entire kidney are pyelonephritis
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Starting with the aorta, name each artery, arteriole, capillary and vein that blood goes through.
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aorta
renal artery segmental artery interlobular artery arcuate artery cortical radiate artery afferent arteriole glomerulus (capillary) efferent arteriole pertibular capillaries and vasa recta cortical radiate vein arcuate vein interlobular vein renal vein inferior vena cava |
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Nerve supply?
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Renal plexus and primarily sympathetic fibers which regulate flow by adjusting diameter of renal arterioles.
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Basic description of nephrons
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Nephrons are the structural and functional units of the kidneys. Each kidney contains over 1 million of these tiny blood-processing units, which carry out the processes that form urine. Also, there are thousands of collecting ducts, each of which collects fluid from several nephrons and conveys it to the renal pelvis.
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Anatomy of beginning of nephrons
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Each nephron has a glomerulus (ball of yarn- latin) which is a tuft of capillaries, and a renal tubule. The renal tubule has a cup shaped end, the Bowman’s capsule, which is blind and completely surrounds the glomerulus. At no time is there no fluid in the Bowman’s capsule. Collectively, the Bowman’s capsule and the enclosed glomerulus are called the renal corpuscle.
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