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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is hyponatremia? What is the Na+ level below?
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A disorder of water imbalance:
low excretion thus higher fluid retention OR water intake is excessive below 135meq/L |
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What are some dx of artifact hyponatremia (psuedo-hyponatremia)
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If plasma osmolarity is normal consider hyperlipidemia or hyperproteinuria. Also mulitple myeloma.
If there is high Posm. then Hyperglycemia as in DIABETES. |
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what is the formula for corrected Na in the case of serum glucose abnormalities?
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serum Na (+) ((serumglucose-100/100) X1.6)
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What is the formula for plasma osmlality (under artifact...)
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(2X [Na] + (glucose/18) + (BUN/2.8)
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In hyponatremia and hypo-osmolar states what is the usual osmolality? What 2 main things are you concerned about at this point and what test can distinguish the two
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less than 270.
ADH levels; check the urine osmolality. to see if ADH is elevated OR is ADH is suppressed. |
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If ADH is supressed what would the urine be? what main dx would you consider?
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Hypotonic - and primary polydipsia, low solute diet and sarcoid or tumor on the hypothalamic region.
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If ADH is elevated what would you expect to find? and what are some of the common reasons?
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the urine is hyperosmotic and if they have EABV contracted then you can think Edema/CHF OR Hypovolemia OR Pregnancy
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If someone is truly hyponatremic and hyperosmotic urine but has normal BP what would you consider?
Name two major dx under this.... |
SIADH -
UNregulated ADH release (get CXR) looking for pulmonary disorders or SMALL CELL CARCINOMA of the lung Another big one is Reset Osmostat - you do not treat this - |
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Should you treat people with hyperglycemia or hyperlipidemia or hyperproteinuria who have hyponatremia?
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YOU DO NOT TREAT THIS PEOPLE ALL THESE ARE DX OF PSEUDO-HYPONATREMIA. Use your formulas to adjust......(2X [Na] + (glucose/18) + (BUN/2.8) and
serum Na (+) ((serumglucose-100/100) X1.6) |
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ETOH abuser comes in with hyponatremia what are you thinking of dx?
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Low solute in diet....
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