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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The 60-40-20 rule is?
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Body Weight x
60% is total body water 40% is intracellular fluid 20% is extracellular fluid |
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Total body water (TBW) is highest in?
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____ is highest in newborns and adult males.
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Major intracellular fluid (ICF) cations are?
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__________________ cations are K+ and Mg2+.
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Major intracellular fluid (ICF) anions are?
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___________________ anions are protein, and organic phosphates (ATP, ADP, AMP).
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Major ECF cation is?
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__________ cation is Na+.
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Major ECF anions are?
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_________ anions are Cl- and HCO3-.
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The dilution method to measure TBW uses?
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__________ is measured with tritiated water, or D20.
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The dilution method to measure ECF uses?
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__________ is measured with mannitol, inulin, or sulfate.
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The dilution method to measure plasma volume uses?
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____________ is measured with Evans blue, or radiolabled albumin (RISA).
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The TBW of a 70 kg man is?
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The TBW of a ___ man is 42 L.
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How are ECF, ICF, ECF osm, Hct, and [Na+] affected by:
isoosmotic volume expansion? |
ECF increases
ICF unchanged ECF osm unchanged Hct decreases [Na+] unchanged |
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How are ECF, ICF, ECF osm, Hct, and [Na+] affected by:
isoosmotic volume contraction? |
ECF decrease
ICF no change ECF osm no change Hct increase [Na+] no change |
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How are ECF, ICF, ECF osm, Hct, and [Na+] affected by:
hyperosmotic volume expansion? |
ECF increase
ICF no change ECF osm increase Hct decrease [Na+] increase |
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How are ECF, ICF, ECF osm, Hct, and [Na+] affected by:
hyperosmotic volume contraction? |
ECF decrease
ICF decrease ECF osm increase Hct no change (brs pys p.155) [Na+] increase |
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How are ECF, ICF, ECF osm, Hct, and [Na+] affected by:
hypoosmotic volume expansion? |
ECF increase
ICF increase ECF osm decrease Hct no change [Na+] decrease |
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How are ECF, ICF, ECF osm, Hct, and [Na+] affected by:
hypoosmotic volume contraction? |
ECF decrease
ICF increase ECF osm decrease Hct increase (brs pys p155) [Na+] decrease |
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The equation to calculate clearance is?
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The equation to calculate ______ is = UV/P.
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Renal blood flow is decreased by?
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___________ is decreased by sympathetic activation and angiotension II.
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GFR is protected by low doses of?
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_________ is _______ by low doses of angiotension II (via selective efferent vasoconstriction).
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The kidney receives how much CO?
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25%
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Renal arterioles are vasodilated by stimulation with?
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Renal arterioles are _______ by stimulation with PGE1, PGI2, bradykinin. nitric oxide, and dopamine.
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The myogenic mechanism for renal autoregulation is?
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changes in renal artery pressure as sensed as changes in stretch, and the afferent arteriole contracts to maintain RBF.
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The tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism for renal autoregulation is?
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increased renal artery pressure increase fluid flow to macula densa, which signals afferent vasoconstriction to maintain RBF.
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Renal plasma flow (RPF) is measured with?
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_______ is measured with para-aminohippuric acid (PAH).
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Renal blood flow is calculated?
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____ = RPF/(1-Hct)
(1-Hct) is the fraction of blood volume occupied by plasma. |
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In prerenal azotemia the change in the BUN:Cr is ___ because?
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The change in _______ is >20 because BUN increases more than Cr (as BUN is partially reabsorbed).
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Filtration fraction is calculated as ________ and is normally?
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___ = GFR/RPF
Normally is 0.20 |
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If the filtration fraction increases, you will see what in the peritubular capillary network?
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The protein concentration will increase in the peritubular capillaries and there will be increased PT reabsoption.
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Decreases in the filtration fraction result in?
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decreases in protein concentration (ie oncotic pressure) or peritubular capillarys, and less PT reabsorption.
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The GFR formula?
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____ = Kf [(Pgc - Pbs) - (ONCgc-ONCbs)]
K x (hydrostatic p - oncotic p) |
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What are the breakdowns of RPF, GFR, and RBF?
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RPF is about 600 mL entering afferent aa. GFR is about 20% of that, or 125 mL filtered across glomeruli. RBF is the remainder that perfusses the kidney, about 475 mL.
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What are the effects on GFR, RPF, and FF when changing Starling Forces by: afferent constriction (ie sympathetics)?
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GFR decrease
RPF decrease FF no change |
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What are the effects on GFR, RPF, and FF when changing Starling Forces by: efferent constriction (angiotension II)?
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GFR increase
RPF decrease FF increase |
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What are the effects on GFR, RPF, and FF when changing Starling Forces by: increased plasma protein?
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GFR decrease
RPF no change FF decrease |
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What are the effects on GFR, RPF, and FF when changing Starling Forces by: a ureteral stone?
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GFR decrease
RPF no change FF decrease |
