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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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This drug is an osmotic diuretic. It increases tubular fluid osmolarity leading to increased urine flow.
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Mannitol.
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This drug is absolutely contraindicated in anuria, and congestive heart failure.
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Mannitol.
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This drug can cause pulmonary edema and hydration?
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Mannitol.
This drug acts in two ways: 1) Increases osmolarity of body 2) Increases urine flow. Therefore this increases ADH , so contraindicated in pulmonary edema and CHF. Just exacerbates it!!! |
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This drug is used to treat drug overdose, and reduce intracranial and intraocular pressure.
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Mannitol.
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This drug induces hyperosmolarity and decreased blood volume.
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Mannitol. This can stimulate ADH release.
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This drug is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor. It causes self limited NaHCO3 diuresis and decreases total body bicarbonate stores.
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Acetazolamide.
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What part of the kidney does acetazolamide work?
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Proximal tubule.
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What are the uses for acetazolamide?
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1) altitude sickness
2) glaucoma 3) urinary alkalanization 4) metabolic alkalosis. |
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What are the side effects of acetazolamide?
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Hyperchloremic met acidosis,
Sulfa allergy!!! Ammonia toxicity, Neuropathy, Tinnitus. |
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How is acetazolamide effective in glaucoma?
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Causes a reduction in the amount of bicarbonate secreted into the aqueous humor and decreases intraocular pressure.
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What is furosemide?
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Loop diuretic: sulfonamide!! If a patient is allergic to sulfas, dont give furosemide!!! Instead give ethacrynic acid!!
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This drug inhibits the Na+/K+/2Cl0 cotransport system of the thick ascending limb of the loop of Henle.
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Loop diuretics: fuoresmide!
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This drug causes free water clearance to be zero and prevents the concentration of the urine.
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Fuoresmide.
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What can furosemide be used to treat?
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CHF, cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome, pulmonary edema, HTN, hypercalcemia!
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What are the side effects of furosemide??
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OH DANG for furosemide
1) Ototoxicity 2) Hypokalemia 3) Dehydration 4) Sulfa allergy 5) Nephrotoxicity 6) Gout. |
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This drug is a phenoxyacetic derivative that blocks Na/K/2Cl transport.
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Ethacrynic acid.
NOT a sulfonamide. |
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This drug is a thiazide diuretic. So it inhibits NaCl reabsorption in early distal tubule.
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Hydrochlorothiazide.
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This drug is used to treat HTN, CHF, idiopathic hypercalciuria
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Hydrochlorothiazide
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What are the side effects of hydrochlorothiazide?
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Hyper GLUC
Hyperglycemia Hyperlipidemia Hyperuricemia Hypercalcemia. Also hypokalemia and hyponatremia. And metabolic alkalosis!! |
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This drug is K+ sparing diuretic.
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Spironolactone
Triamterene Amiloride The K+ STAys. |
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What is MOA of spironolactone?
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Competitive aldosterone receptor antagonist in cortical collecting tubule.
ACTS in COLLECTING TUBULE!!! |
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What is MOA of triamterene?
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Blcoks Na+ channels in the cortical collecting tubules.
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What is MOA of amiloride?
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Blcoks Na+ channels in the cortical collecting tubule.
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What are some toxicities of amiloride?
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hyperkalemia
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What are some side effects of triamterene?
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hyperkalemia
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What are some side effects of spironolactone?
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hyperkalemia
Gynecomastia Anti-androgen effects. Can be used to treat the hirsutism of PCOS!!! |
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Which diuretics cause acidosis?
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Acetazolamide
Spironolactone (retain K+, so pump K into cell and H+ out) |
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Which diuretics cause alkalosis?
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loop diuretics
thiazides. |
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Which diuretics increase calcium in urine?
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furosemide (loop diuretics).
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What is the MOA of enalapril?
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Inhibits ACE, decreasing angiotensin II and preventing inactivation of bradykinin, A POTENT VASODILATOR!!!!
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What are ACE inhibitors used for?
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HTN
CHF diabetic renal disease |
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What are the toxicities of ACE inhibitors?
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Cough
Angioedema Proteinuria Taste change |
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What is MOA of losartan?
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Angiotensin II receptor antagonist. It does NOT cause cough.
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