Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What is chronic kidney disease (CKD)? |
progressive decline in function of kidney/GFR |
|
|
What is the nutrition concern of CKD? |
Risk of malnutrition and buildup of waste products |
|
|
What is the MNT for CKD? |
Protein needs depends on stage Stage 1-2: 0.8-1g/kg protein per day Stage 3-4: 0.6-0.8g/kg protein per day |
|
|
What are the labs/meds in CKD? |
BUN, GFR, electrolytes, EPO Supplement if low: vitamin D, Fe, Ca Phos binders Decrease PTH: Parasbiv, Rocaltrol, Sensipar Diuretics EPO stimulating agents Heparin |
|
|
What is Hemodialysis? |
Hemodialysis is dialysis that uses a machine to filter the blood. Patients receive dialysis 3 times a week |
|
|
What is the nutrition concern of hemodialysis? |
Malnutrition, weight loss, anemia, and micronutrient deficiencies |
|
|
What is the nutrition concern for hemodialysis? |
Malnutrition, weight loss, anemia, and micronutrient deficiencies |
|
|
What is the MNT for patients on hemodialysis? |
1.2g/kg protein, >50% HBV 35kcal/kg Na and fluid restriction per fluid output: <1L 2g Na, and 1-1.5 L fluid 2-3g K restriction per labs 800-1000 phos restriction per labs Vitamins: C, B12, folate, B6, Ca (Max of 2g), Zn, Fe, D |
|
|
What is are the labs/meds for patients on hemodialysis? |
BUN, GFR, electrolytes, EPO, vitamin D Check: C, B12, folate, B6, Ca (Max of 2g), Zn, Fe, D additional |
|
|
Additional notes on hemodialysis: |
Patients on HD are more likely to need a renal diet as they are only having dialysis 3 times a week. When calculating weights, dry weight should be used. The restrictions of the renal diet can also make it difficult for patients to have adequate PO intake Phos binders can be used in settings of high phosphorous, but they taste awful! |
|
|
What are the labs/meds for patients on peritoneal dialysis? |
BUN, GFR, electrolytes, EPO, vitamin D Check: C, B12, folate, B6, Ca (Max of 2g), Zn, Fe, D additional |
|
|
Additional notes on hemodialysis: |
Patients on HD are more likely to need a renal diet as they are only having dialysis 3 times a week. When calculating weights, dry weight should be used. The restrictions of the renal diet can also make it difficult for patients to have adequate PO intake Phos binders can be used in settings of high phosphorous, but they taste awful! |
|
|
What is peritoneal dialysis? |
Peritoneal dialysis is dialysis done using dialysate and the peritoneal cavity Continuous ambulatory PD is done 4-5 times a day |
|
|
What are the labs/meds for patients on hemodialysis? |
BUN, GFR, electrolytes, EPO, vitamin D Check: C, B12, folate, B6, Ca (Max of 2g), Zn, Fe, D additional |
|
|
Additional notes on hemodialysis: |
Patients on HD are more likely to need a renal diet as they are only having dialysis 3 times a week. When calculating weights, dry weight should be used. The restrictions of the renal diet can also make it difficult for patients to have adequate PO intake Phos binders can be used in settings of high phosphorous, but they taste awful! |
|
|
What is peritoneal dialysis? |
Peritoneal dialysis is dialysis done using dialysate and the peritoneal cavity Continuous ambulatory PD is done 4-5 times a day |
|
|
What is the nutrition concern for peritoneal dialysis? |
Malnutrition Weight loss, Early satiety Weight gain d/t dextrose Anemia Micronutrient deficiencies |
|
|
What is the MNT for patients on peritoneal dialysis? |
1.2-1.3g/kg protein >50% HBV 35kcal/kg (including dialysate) 2-3g of Na based on BP and weight 2-3g of K per labs 800-1000mg phos restriction per labs 1-3 L fluid restriction depending on output/cardiac status Vitamins: C, B12, folate, B6 (increased thiamine requirement than HD d/t high fluid losses), Ca (Max 2g), Zn, Fe, D |
|
|
What are the labs/meds in patients with peritoneal dialysis? |
BUN, GFR, electrolytes, EPO, vitamin D Check: vitamin C, B12, folate, B6, Ca (Max 2g), Zn, Fe, vitamin D |
|
|
Additional notes to know for peritoneal dialysis: |
For the exam you need to know that the concentration of the dialysate and the length of time of PD impact the amount of calories absorbed PD patients are less likely to need a renal diet as it is done daily |
|
|
What is Acute Kidney Injury / Acute Renal Failure? |
Sudden decrease in GFR decreased pre-renal perfusion |
|
|
What is the nutrition concern of Acute Renal Injury (AKI) Acute Renal Failure? |
Concern for malnutrition and dehydration causing the AKI |
|
|
What is the nutrition concern of Acute Renal Injury (AKI) Acute Renal Failure? |
Concern for malnutrition and dehydration causing the AKI |
|
|
What is the MNT for AKI/Acute Renal Failure? |
IVF for rehydration Protein: 1-1.3 without dialysis or 1.2-1.5 with dialysis/catabolism Low sodium Renal diet per labs |
|
|
What are the labs/meds associated with AKI/Acute Renal Failure? |
GFR, BUN, Phos, K, Na |
|
|
What are the labs/meds associated with AKI/Acute Renal Failure? |
GFR, BUN, Phos, K, Na |
|
|
Additional notes on AKI/ Acute Renal Failure: |
Often medially treated with IV fluids |
|
|
What is nephrosis? |
Defect in membrane of glomerulus This allows for high losses of protein |
|
|
What is the nutrition concern of nephrosis? |
Malnutrition Hyperlipidemia |
|
|
What is the nutrition concern of nephrosis? |
Malnutrition Hyperlipidemia |
|
|
What is the MNT for Nephrosis? |
0.8-1g/kg protein, 50% HBV <30% fat 35kcal/kg Low sodium May need fluid restriction if edema |
