Renal Homework Nycc Balliet

Front 1

increase in total body water after osmotic equilibrium

Back 1

3% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution
hypertonic, water flows out

Front 2

Increases in both renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate GFR

Back 2

caused by Dilation of Afferent Arterioles

Front 3

osmolarity of renal tubular fluid that flows through the early distal tubule

Back 3

usually hypotonic, compared with the plasma

Front 4

decrease the number of functional nephrons to 25% of normal

Back 4

Decreased maximal urine concentrating ablility

Front 5

decrease potassium (K+) secretion by the cortical collecting tubule

Back 5

A diuretic that inhibits the action of Aldosterone

Front 6

Blocking big Al Dosterone's actions will

Back 6

inhibit potassium secretion

Front 7

diabetes insipidus due to lack of ADH secretion

Back 7

UP plasma osmolarity
UP plasma Na secretion
UP plasma renin secretion
UP urine volume

Front 8

a very high plasma RENIN activity of 12 ng. angiotensin 1/ml/hr (normal=1). Diagnosis is renin-secreting tumor:

Back 8

UP plasma Aldosterone
SAME Na excretion rate
DOWN plasma K+ concentration
DOWN renal blood flow`

Front 9

toxin ingestion that caused impairment of PCT NaCl reabsorption?

Back 9

PCT NaCl impairment: This would decrease the GFR (glomerular filtration rate)

Front 10

GFR 150 ml/min
Plasma glucose 300 mg/dl
Rate of urinary glucose excretion?

Back 10

GFR x plasma glucose / 100
150 x 300 = 45000/100
45000/100 = 450mg/ml FILTERED LOAD(450) - plasma glucose (300)=150mg/min

Front 11

urinary glucose excretion formula:
GFR x plasma glucose/ 100
then
this answer (filtered load) - ?

Back 11

plasma glucose = urinary glucose excretion
150x300/100
45000/100
450-300 = 150

Front 12

increase PERITUBULAR capillary reabsorption

Back 12

Increase Efferent arteriole resistance

Front 13

hyperkalemia

Back 13

Inhibit aldosterone with diuretic, get hyperkalemia

Front 14

concentration of urea in the tubular fluid at the end of the proximal tubule?

Back 14

It is higher than the concentration of urea in the plasma

Front 15

Increase the GFR?

Back 15

increased glomerular Capillary Filtration Coefficient

Front 16

glomerulo-nephritis

Back 16

Creatinine

Front 17

If GFR suddenly decreases from 100 to 50, and tubular reabsorption from 99 to 50, what happens?

Back 17

Urine flow rate will decrease by 50% because Urine lfow rate = GFR - tubular reabsorption rate. If GFR is 50 and t.r.r. is 50, the urine flow rate is ZERO! (50-50=0)

Front 18

Hydrostatic glom cap= 50
Hydrostatic Bowmans space = 12
Colloid osmotic glom cap = 30
Net pressure driving glom filtration?

Back 18

50 - (12 + 30 = 42)
50 - 42 = 8

Hydrostatic Glomerular Capillary pressure is ALONE

Front 19

increase K+ secretion by cortical collecting tubule

Back 19

diuretic that decreases loop of Henle's Na+ reabsorption

Front 20

Dietary K+ increases, then K+ excretion balance maintained by

Back 20

Increased K+ secretion by LATE DISTAL COLLECTING TUBULES

Front 21

Juvenile type 1 diabetes polyuria and polydipsia occur because?

Back 21

a rising glucose concentration in the proximal tubule DECREASES the osmotic driving force for water reabsorption

Front 22

acidosis, most of the hydrogen ions secreted by the PCT

Back 22

Reabsorption of bicarbonate ions

Front 23

Phosphate filtration exceeds transport maximum for Phosphate absorption

Back 23

Phosphate can contribute significantly to titratable acid i the urine

Front 24

severe renal disease sinks number of functional nephrons to 25%

Back 24

Increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of surviving nephrons

Front 25

hypoATREMIA

Back 25

excessive ADH excretion

Front 26

diagram: lack of ADH secretion causing severe diabetes, part of tubule with lowest tubular fluid osmolarity?

Back 26

E (collecting duct) HYPERNATREMIA

Front 27

diagram: very low K+ diet, which part of nephron absorbs most K+?

Back 27

A (PCT) because 65% of filtered K+ is reabsorbed in the PCT

Front 28

diagram: Which part of nephron reabsorbs the MOST WATER?

Back 28

A (PCT) at 65%

ascending loop essentially impermeable to water

Front 29

diagram: lowest permeability to water during antidiureisis?

Back 29

C the ascending limb THICK part, especially during antidiuresis due to ADH increase

Front 30

dehyrated person

Back 30

increased water permeability of COLLECTING DUCT

Front 31

50% decrease in renal EFFERENT artery resistance

Back 31

UP renal blood flow
DOWN glomerular filtration
DOWN glom cap hydrostatic pres.
UP peritubular cap hydro pressure

Front 32

early distal tubule region of Macula densa

Back 32

It is usually HYPOtonic (the diluting segment because all the ions are out)

Front 33

correct statement is

Back 33

Urea reabsorption in the PCT is GREATER than in the cortical collecting tubule

Front 34

primary site of Mg+ reabsorption

Back 34

Ascending loop of Henle for Mg+

Front 35

tuboglomerular feedback requires

Back 35

Signaling from the MACULA DENSA to the JG Cells

Front 36

similar values for intracellular and interstitial body fluids?

Back 36

TOTAL osmolarity

Front 37

very high levels of Al dosterone, percentage of filtered load of Na+ reabsorbed by DCT and collecting duct?

Back 37

less than 10%

Front 38

true

Back 38

Osmolarity of fluid in the early DCT would be less than 300 mOsm/L in a dehydrated person with normal kidneys and increased ADH levels

Front 39

high Na+ diet

Back 39

decreased plasma RENIN

Front 40

dehydrated construction worker has a stroke

Back 40

High ADH
High RENIN
High ANGIOTENSIN II
High AL DOSTERONE