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5 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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vesicoureteral reflux describes
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mechanism that infection spreads proximal to ureter-bladder jxn
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what part of kidney is mre vulnerable to infections, and why?
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medulla. it has a low blood supply, and they hypertonicity and high [NH4+] decrease natural immune defenses
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typical clinical picture of acute pyelonephritis. dif from acute cystitis?
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pyelo - WBC CASTS in urine, fever
cystitis - no fever, no casts, yet should have WBC in urine both - over 10^6 bacteria/mL urine |
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papillary necrosis can be seen in:
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-complication of pyelonephritis (usually associated w/ pyelo + obstruction, eg stones)
-diabetes -analgesic toxicity, eg phenacetin and aspirin (thus part of chronic interstitial nephritis) -sickle cell |
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most kidney stones are formed in the absence of infection. how can infection potentiate stones?
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urea splitting organisms can lead to stones, such as Proteus Mirabilis.
they raise pH -> phosphate crystals ppt with Mg and Ca, |
