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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Gonads develop from what 3 tissues?
Primordial germ cells invade ______, migrate to genital ridges. Fetal sex encoded on ______. Basic pathway is the ______ pathway. |
epithelium of intraembryonic coelom, mesoderm, primordial germ cells
dorsal mesentery SRY - sex region of Y-chromosome female |
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________ have biggest role in male development.
_________ have biggest role in female development. Males: mesonephric ducts --> urogenital sinus --> genital tubercle --> labioscrotal swelling --> |
Male: mesonephric ducts
Female: paramesonephric ducts mesonephric --> ductus deferems, epidydimis urogenital --> urethra, prostate genital tubercle --> penis labioscrotal --> scrotum |
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Females:
paramesonephric ducts --> urogenital sinus --> genital tubercle --> labioscrotal swelling --> Primary medullary cords degenerate by week ____. Mesonephric ducts in female remain as: Regulates genes that control ovarian development: |
paramesonephric --> oviducts, uterus, upper vagina
urogenital --> lower vagina, vestibule genital tubercle --> clitoris lavioscrotal swelling --> vulva Week 10 epoophoron, paroophoron, mesentery of ovary WTN1, upregulates DAX1 |
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Paramesonephric (Mullerian) ducts:
Develop during week ____ ________ end opens into peritoneal cavity. ________ ends join to form uterovaginal primordium Inhibited by _____ (MIS) in males secreted by the Sertoli cells paired portions of paramesonephric ducts become: |
Week 6
cranial end distal ends AMH (MIS) uterine tubes |
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Uterine epithelium/glands, upper 1/3 vagina, muscular wall form from:
lower vagina comes from: Genital tubercle develops near: urorectal septum divides ______ into urogenital and anal membranes forms __________(2) |
uterovaginal primordium
posterior wall of urogenital sinus cloacal membrane, cloacal folds develop bilaterally cloacal membrane forms urethral sphincter, external anal sphincter |
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Development of penis?
What pulls the testes into the scrotum? Undescended testes associated with increased risk of ________. |
Enlargement of genital tubercle
Urethral folds form urethral groove, penile urethra Labioscrotal swelling --> scrotum Gubernaculum Testicular Ca |
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Incomplete fusion of the urethral folds:
Can result from inadequate ________ production or inadequate receptor sites for _____. 4 types? Urethral meatus opens on dorsum of penis: |
hypospadias
androgen production DHT receptor sites Glandular Penile Penoscrotal Perineal epispadias |
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Most common primary hypogonadism: (2)
Secondary hypogonadism is from defects in __________ (2) 47/XXY, small testes, low levels of testosterone, gynecomastia: 45/X, short, no growth spurt, broad chest, webbed neck, no ovaries, no sec. sec characteristics: |
Klinefelter's, Turner's
hypothalamus, anterior pituitary Klinefelter's Turner's |
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46/XX, adrenal hyperplasia, ambiguous genitalia, ovaries OK:
X-linked, androgen receptors don't work, external genitalia are feminine: Autosomal recessive, can't convert T to DHT, ambiguous external genitalia, mesonephric duct stuff OK: |
female intersex (pseudohermaphrodite)
AIS (Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome) 5a-reductase deficiency (5ARD) |
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Multiple cell lines, different sets of chromosomes, same individual; asymmetric male/female sex organs, sometimes fraternal twins fuse:
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Chimerism
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