Renal Flashcards Tidbits

Front 1

three categories of RPGN

Back 1

1. anti-GBM Disease
2. immune complex Disease
3. pauci-immune (often ANCA-positive) Disease

Front 2

gold

Back 2

cause of secondary membranous nephropathyus

Front 3

another name for dense-deposit disease?

Back 3

MPGN Type II (membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis Type II), see dense deposits within the GBM.

Front 4

radio-opaque stones

Back 4

cystine, uric acid stones

Front 5

viral association with PAN (polyarteritis nodosa)

Back 5

hepatitis B

Front 6

bicarbonate protocol for prevention of contrast nephropathy

Back 6

D5W with 3 amps HCO3, 3cc/kg/hr x 1 h before procedure then 1cc/kg/hr x 6h after procedure.

Front 7

What is McArdle's Disease and how does it cause renal failure?

Back 7

McArdle's Disease is a type of glycogen storage disease due to deficient myophosphorylase activity. It results in rhabdomyolysis-induced renal failure.

Front 8

Mechanisms of renal failure caused by NSAIDs (4)

Back 8

1. hemodynamic (constrict afferent arteriole).
2. AIN.
3. secondary membranous nephropathy.
4. SIADH.

Front 9

amphtericin renal toxicity

Back 9

1. ATN
2. hypokalemia
3. hypomagnesemia
4. distal RTA

Front 10

ribavirin, renal side effects of

Back 10

ribavirin is contraindicated in patients with renal disease as it can cause a hemolytic anemia.

Front 11

Describe cisplatin renal toxicity and a common electrolyte abnormality.

Back 11

-commonly results in non-oliguric renal failure.
-frequently associated with Mg wasting.

Front 12

Describe ifosfamide renal toxicity and 2 common acid-base/electrolyte abnormalities associated with it.

Back 12

1. Causes ATN (due to a nephrotoxic metabolite, chloracetaldehyde, which is NOT produced by cyclophosphamide).
2. can cause Fanconi's Syndrome (proximal RTA).
3. hypokalemia.

Front 13

only HAART medications associated with renal failure.

Back 13

1. tenofovir (Viread) which is an NRTI.
2. indinavir (Crixivan) which is a protease inhibitor--causes nephrolithiasis.

Front 14

type of renal disease associated with heroin

Back 14

FSGS

Front 15

What causes large kidneys on u/s?

Back 15

1. Diabetic nephropathy (early stages)
2. HIVAN
3. amyloidosis

Front 16

treatment cocktail for hepatorenal syndrome (doses, please)

Back 16

midodrine: 7.5-12.5mg po tid
octreotide: 100-200 ucg sc tid

Front 17

What are Muehrcke's bands?

Back 17

In nephrotic syndrome, white bands seen in the finger nail beds indicative of a transient period of hypoalbuminemia.

Front 18

Describe orthostatic proteinuria.

Back 18

Benign condition during which individual experiences proteinuria (usually low-grade) after standing all day long. Proteinuria is absent with an early morning specimen.

Front 19

In what disease is the C3 nephritic factor usually present?

Back 19

MPGN Type II (dense deposit disease). C3 nephritic factor is an autoAb which stabilizes the alternate complement pathway, leading to the consumption of serum C3.

Front 20

How does Li cause renal disease?

Back 20

Usually, Li causes a chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis. However, it can also cause secondary minimal change disease.