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5 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the 4 renal drugs
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Frusemide
Spironolactone Mannitol Acetazolamide |
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Acetazolamide: MOA, Con
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The proximal convoluted tubule’s purpose is to reabsorb Na & HCO3- from the filtrate. HCO3 is not easily reabsorbed.
Carbonic anhydrase is required to convert H2C(bicarbonate) into water and CO2 so that it can cross the membrane of the PCT and then it is regenerated within the cell again by carbonic anyhydrase into bicarbonate and transported into the interstitium Causes glaucoma = The eye uses carbonic anhydrase to generate HCO3--rich aqueous humour |
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Frusemide
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Frusemide blocks the Na+-K+-2Cl- pump and therefore creates an enormous natriuresis
• The distal convoluted tubule tries to reabsorb this Na+ by exchanging it with K+. So some Na+ is saved but more K+ is lost • Frusemide generates marked diuresis and ongoing K+ losses (hypokalemia) • Indicated to relieve fluid accumulation as a result of heart failure |
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Spironolactone
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A. Spironolactone is an aldosterone antagonist
B. The aldosterone driven Na+-K+-ATPase pump is not induced C. The gradient driving Na+ into the tubule is removed D. Water, following the sodium through osmosis is therefore also not reabsorbed à diuresis The loss of potassium is also reduced (K+ sparing diuretics) |
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Mannitol
1. Describe the mode of administration. 2. Describe MOA |
1. Injected intravenously by slow infusion
2. Extracts water from extravascular fluid volume and holds it in the intravascular compartment through osmosis 3. Relatively inert pharmacologically 4. Freely filtered by the glomerulus but not reabsorbed by the nephron 5. Maintains its osmotic affect in the kidney preventing fluid reabsorption 6. Therefore water is lost to urine = diuresis Function= used in brain oedema and glaucoma |
