Renal & Cardio Drugs

Front 1

Renin Inhibitor

Back 1

Aliskiren

Front 2

ACE Inhibitors

Back 2

Ramipril, enalapril etc

Front 3

Angiotensin AT1-receptor Antagonists

Back 3

Losartan, Valsartan etc

Front 4

Aldosterone Receptor Antagonists

Back 4

Spironolactone, Eplerenone

Front 5

ADH V2-receptor Antagonists

Back 5

Conivaptan, Tolvaptan

Front 6

Sodium Channel Blockers

Back 6

Amiloride, Triamterene (functional antagonists of aldosterone)

Front 7

Endogenous RAAS Inhibitor

Back 7

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP)

Front 8

Osmotic Diuretics

Back 8

Mannitol, Glycerol
- oppose water reabsorption at multiple sites around the nephron
- high ceiling diuresis

Front 9

Loop Diuretics

Back 9

Furosemide
- freely filtered and absorbed by OAT
- high ceiling diuresis
- inhibit NaK2Cl cotransporter in TAL of LH

Front 10

Thiazide Diuretics

Back 10

Bendroflumethiazide
- moderate ceiling diuresis
- freely filtered and absorbed by OAT

- inhibit NaCl cotransporter in early DCT

Front 11

Thiazide-Like Diuretic

Back 11

Indapamide

Front 12

K+ Sparing Diuretics

Back 12

Aldosterone receptor antagonists (spironolactone)
Sodium channel blockers (amiloride)
- oppose aldosterone action in late DCT/CD
- low ceiling diuresis

Front 13

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor Diuretics

Back 13

Acetazolamide, Dorzolamide etc
- inhibit enzyme responsible for Na+ and HCO3- reabsorption
- very low ceiling diuresis

Front 14

ADH Receptor Antagonists

Back 14

Convaptan, Tolvaptan
- block ADH V2 receptor in kidney
- (convaptan also blocks V1 receptor)
- oppose reaborption of water from CD

Front 15

Class 1: Na Channel Blockers

Back 15

- depress phase 0 (inhibit sodium entry)
- e.g. Lidocaine (class 1B), Flecainide (class 1C), Quinidine (class 1A)

Front 16

Class 2: Beta-Adrenoceptor Antagonists

Back 16

- blocks catecholamine and cAMP-mediated electrical events in phase 4 of nodal tissue (slope decreased) and phase 2 of non-nodal tissue (due to delayed onset of phase 3)
- e.g. propranolol (non-selective), atenolol (beta-1 selective)

Front 17

Class 3: K Channel Blockers

Back 17

- delay phase 3 repolarisation
- e.g. amiodarone

Front 18

Class 4: Ca Entry Blockers

Back 18

- block L-type calcium channel
- depress phase 0 in nodal cells, shorten phase 2 in nodal cells
- e.g. diltiazem, verapimil

Front 19

RAAS Inhibitors in Heart Failure

Back 19

ACE Inhibitors: Ramipril
AII AT-1 Antagonists: Losartan, Valsartan
Renin Inhibitors: Aliskiren

Front 20

Diuretics in Heart Failure

Back 20

Thiazides/Thiazide-like: Bendroflumethiazide, Metolazone

Front 21

Vasodilators in Heart Failure

Back 21

- Organic Nitrates: GTN, Isosorbide Mononitrate
- Alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists: Prazosin (Alpha-1 selective)
- Direct Vasodilators: Hydralazine

Front 22

Cardiac Glycosides

Back 22

Digoxin
- cause positive inotropy

Front 23

Beta-1 Adrenoceptor Agonists

Back 23

Dobutamine, Dopamine

Front 24

Phosphodiesterase Type 3 Inhibitors

Back 24

Amrinone