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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Q: High quality proteins (to decrease total protein intake and reduce nitrogenous wastes)
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A: Dairy products, eggs, meats
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Q:Rapid treatment for hyperkalemia
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A: IV calcium gluconate - immediate onset
calcium antagonizes the action of hyperkalemia on the heart. It will not reduce K+ but immediately Glucose-Insulin-Bicarb IV - 20-60min onset |
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Q:Treatment for stress incontinence and incompetent bladder
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A: Kegel exercises, estrogen
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Q: Metabolic disorder with generalized edema
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A: nephrotic syndrome
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Q: Treatment for Prerenal renal failure
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A: Crystalloids, colloids, diuretics, inotropes
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Q: Interventions to lower metabolic rate for treatment of glomerulonephritis
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A: Lower medication doses, low metabolic rate, control infection
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Q: Hemodialysis Graft
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A: Synthetic material joining vein and artery
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Q: Treatment for hyperkalemia (not the most rapid effect)
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A: Kayexalate (potassium exchange resin)
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Q: Breakdown of muscle mass in crush injuries---cause of Intrarenal renal failure
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A: Rhabdomylosis
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Q: Oxalate stones
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A: avoid spinach, strawberries, rhubarb, tea, wheat bran, peanuts
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Q: Most life-threatening of all the imbalances of renal failure
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A: hyperkalemia
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Q: Sign and symptoms of ARF
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A: CNS lethargy, hyperkalemia, acidosis, hypertension, nausea
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Q: Red pigment from damaged muscle---see with crush injuries
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A: Myoglobin
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Q: Causes of vasodilation—see in prerenal renal failure
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A: sepsis, anaphylaxis, ACE inhibitors, Ca channel blockers
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Q: Give carbohydrates liberally
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A: to reduce catabolism of proteins
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Q: nephrotic syndrome
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A: metabolic disorder with generalized edema
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Q: Post procedure care: Flat in bed 6hr and check pedal pulses
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A: renal angiography
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Q: result of hyperkalemia
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A: tall tented T waves, widened QRS, loss of P wave
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Q: A cause for poor kidney (renal) perfusion
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A: Low cardiac output
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Q: Diagnostic study that differentiates between simple cyst and solid neoplasm in the kidney tract and urinary tract
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A: nephrotonogram
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Q: Treatment of ESRD
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A: hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, CRRT, transplantation
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Q: Adverse effects of cyclosporine
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A: Hirsuitism, hepatotoxcity, gingival hyperplasia
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Q: fistula
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A: anastomasis of artery and vein
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Q: causes of post renal renal failure
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A: obstructions (calculi, tumors), prostatic disease, tumors
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Q: treatment for renal failure to cleanse blood—used when BP low
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A: continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration (CAVH)
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Q: end product of protein metabolism
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A: BUN
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Q: lab values for blood in prerenal renal failure
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A: BUN 44 Creatine 2.4
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Q: Given for anemia caused by low erythropoietin
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A: epogen
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Q: most common cause of renal obstruction
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A: radiopaque stones
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Q: volume of plasma cleared of a given substance per minute
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A: GFR
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Q: why renal disease patients have increased infections
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A: uremia causes suppression of immune system
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Q: signs of nephritic syndrome
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A: periorbital edema, sacral edema, proteinuria
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Q: causes of acute tubular necrosis
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A: hemoglobinuria, NSAIDs, solvents, radiopaque contrast media
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Q: side effects of Imuran
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A: lower WBC, hair loss, risk of skin cancer, hepatotoxicity
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Q: sign in assessment of patient in metabolic acidosis
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A: kussmaul breathing
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Q: treatment for postrenal renal failure
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A: ureteral stents, percutaneous nephrostomy, suprapubic catheter
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Q: pigment released in blood transplantation reactions
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A: hemoglobin
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Q: cardiac complications related to uremia waste products
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A: pericarditis
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Q: lab in intrarenal renal failure
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A: BUN 36 Creatinine 3.9
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Q: diet in renal failure
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A: 1g/kg protein, low potassium, low PO4
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Q: multiple causes for prerenal renal failure
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A: hypovolemia, decreased cardiac output, hemorrhage
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Q: labs in prerenal renal failure (serum, urine)
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A: low urine sodium,
high urine osmolality and specific gravity BUN, creatinine ratio over 20 |
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Q: 50% match in renal transplantation---criteria for compatability
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A: human leukocyte antigen 3/6 match
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Q: poor perfusion to the kidneys results in
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A: prerenal renal failure
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Q: autoimmune disease caused by strep infection
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A: glomerulonephritis
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Q: lab sign in acute rejection
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A: 20% rise in serum creatinine
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Q: lab values in intrarenal renal failure
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A: BUN and creatinine both increase 10 to 1 ratio specific gravity <1.010
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Q: a complication of renal transplant
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A: renal artery stenosis
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Q: drugs that can cause intrarenal renal failure
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A: gentamycin, amakacin, tobramycin, vancomycin, amphoteracin
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Q: treatment used when patient is less stable
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A: continuous renal replacement therapies
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Q: treatment for intrarenal renal failure
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A: dialysis, treatment for low or elevated BP, treatment for electrolyte imbalance
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