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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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renal clearance equation
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UxV/Px
(GFR = inulin/creatinine; ERPF = PAH) |
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glomerular filtration barrier
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epithelial layer with podocytes
basement membrane (neg charge) fenestrated capillary endothelium (size) |
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Filtration fraction
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GFR/RPF
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change in renal fxn: afferent art constriction
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RPF dec, GFR dec, FF nc
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change in renal fxn: efferent art constriction
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RPF dec, GFR inc, FF inc
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change in renal fxn: inc plasma protein conc
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RPF nc, GFR dec, FF dec
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change in renal fxn: dec plasma protein conc
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RPF nc, GFR inc, FF inc
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change in renal fxn: constriction of ureter
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RPF nc, GFR dec, FF dec
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Free water clearance equation
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Ch20 = V - Cosm
(Cosm = Uosm V/Posm) Ch20 = with ADH > 0 > w/o ADH |
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PCT fxn
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absorbs all AA, glucose; most bicarb, salt, water
secretes ammonia |
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thin descending loop of henle
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passive reabsorp of water --> hypertonic urine
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thick ascending loop of Henle
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triple pump: Na, K, Cl active reabsorp --> Mg, Ca reabs
diluting segment (imperm to water) |
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DCT
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Na, Cl active reabs, Ca reabs w/ PTH
diluting segment |
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collecting tubules
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reabs Na, exchange K or H (ald reg)
reabs water (ADH reg) |
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K inc --> pH
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pH dec
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JGA
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defends GFR via RAS
- detects dec BP, dec Na in DCT, inc symp tone --> release renin |
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mannitol
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osmotic diuretic
use: shock, drug overdose, dec intracranial pressure tox: pulm edema, dehydration |
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acetazolamide
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NaHCO3 diuresis
use: glaucoma, met alkalosis, altitude sickness (PCT) tox: hyperchloremic met acidosis, neuropathy, NH3 tox, sulfa allergy |
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furosemide
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inh triple pump (loop diuretic)
use: edema, HTN, hyperCa tox: ototoxicity, hypoK, dehydration, allergy, nephritis, gout |
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ethacrynic acid
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loop diuretic
use: need loop diuretic and sulfa allergy or gout tox: OH DAN |
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hydrochlorothiazide
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inh NaCl in DCT; dec Ca excretion
use: HTN, CHF, hyperCa, diabetes insipidus tox: hyperGLUC |
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Spironolactone
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K-sparing aldosterone rec antagonist in CCT
use: hyperALD, K depletion, CHF tox: hyperK, endocrine |
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triamterene/amiloride
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block Na channels in CCT
use: K depletion, CHF tox: hyperK, endocrine |
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Losartan vs ACEi
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Losartan does not cause cough
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nephritic syndromes
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RBC casts, HTN, mild proteinuria
acute post-strep GN, Goodpasture's, membranoproliferative GN, rapid progressive GN, IgA nephropathy, Alports |
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nephrotic syndromes
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proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, periorbital edema
mem GN, MCD, FSGS, diabetic nephropathy, SLE, amyloidosis |
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RBCs
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bladder cancer
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WBCs
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acute cystitis
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muddy brown casts
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ATN
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white casts
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acute pyelonephritis, tubulointerstitial dz, glomerular disorders
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