Renaissance

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renaissance

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rebirth, period of renewed interest in art and learning in Europe.

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Humanism

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renaissance movement based on the values of the ancient Greeks and Romans, such as that individuals and human society were important.

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Florence

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city in the Tuscany region of Central Italy at the foot of the Apennines.

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Venice

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city in northeastern Italy.

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Medici

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a powerful family who gained control of the gov't in 1434.

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diplomacy

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the art of negotiating with other countries.

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secular

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interested in worldly rather than religious matters.

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Marco polo

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a merchant form the city of Venice.

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Machiavelli

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a diplomat in Florence

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perspective

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a point of view

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Leonardo da Vinci

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One of the best Renaissance scientist and also a great artist.

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Michelangelo

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was a great artist. painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel in Rome. was a sculptor by heart and sculpted David.

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Raphael

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one of Italy's greatest painters. He painted gentle Madonnas and he painted a fresco in Vatican Palace, the school of Athens.

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Donatello

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Italian sculptor.

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Botticelli

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Italian painter

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Jan Van Eyck

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master of oil painting

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Latin

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an italic language

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Vernacular

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everyday language used in a country or region.

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Dante

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a poet of Florence

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Chaucer

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greatest English poet in Middle ages

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Shakespeare

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English poet, playwright, and actor. he wrote tragedies, historical, and comedies.

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Gutenberg

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developed a printing press

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Copernicus

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Renaissance mathematician and astronomer- said that the sun was in the middle of the universe and the planets were revolving around it.

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Galileo

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Italian physicist, mathematician, engineer, astronomer, and philosopher.

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Newton

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English physicist and mathematician.

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Bacon

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English renaissance thinker.

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List and explain three reasons the Renaissance began in Italy.

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Three reasons are, the accumulation of wealth by the Medici, the rediscovery of classical manuscripts and learning, and patronage by the church. The Medici family was strong and had taken over government. The people also started to use reason instead of making up things that were religious or not scientific.

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List and explain three effects the invention of the printing press had on Europe.

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Three effects are, it made it possible to print many books much more quickly than before. People learned to read with more books. Finally, scholars could read another's works and debate their ideas in letters.

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Why is Leonardo da Vinci considered a "Renaissance Man"?

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He is considered that because he was a scientist and artist. He learned anatomy and studied fossils to understand history. He was also an inventor and engineer. Leonardo had filled the pages of his sketchbook with artistic ideas.

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What are the three types of plays William Shakespeare wrote?

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Shakespeare wrote tragedies, comedies, and historical plays. An example of a tragedy would be "Romeo and Juliet". A comedy would be, "A midsummer night's dream". A historical play would be "Henry V."

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How was the scientific knowledge during the Middle Ages different from the scientific knowledge during the renaissance? Give examples.

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Scientific knowledge was different in the middle ages that in the Renaissance because most of the scientific knowledge in the middle ages was based on religion. For examples, the idea of the earth being in the center of the universe was an idea in the middle ages. During the Renaissance, people started to think and use reason. The idea was changed into the sun being the center of the universe.