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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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When did Europe suffer from the Black Death?
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1300-1500 (late Middle Ages)
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What war lasted from 1337-1453 between England and France?
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Hundred Years War
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How was the English king connected to France at the start of the Hundred Years' War?
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He was a vassal for the French king for the duchy of Aquitaine
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Where was the Hundred Years' War fought?
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France
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Who was the most famous leader of the battles during the Hundred Years' War?
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Joan of Arc
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What were some of the effects of the Hundred Years' War?
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French farmland devastated
English lost nearly all continental holdings Population decline Growth of nationalism |
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What was the War of the Roses?
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civil war in England (1450-1485) nobles in England fighting
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Who was Jacques Coeur?
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Merchant in France who fostered trade, 1400s
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What created a united Spain in the late 1400s?
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Marriage of Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon.
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How many people died in the Black Death of the 1350s?
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25 million (1/3 population of Europe)
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In which cities did the Renaissance of Italy start? 1300-1600
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Venice, Milan, Florence, Padua, Pisa
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Who wrote Divine Comedy, describing a journey through hell, heaven and purgatory?
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Dante, 1265-1321
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Which writer encouraged the study of ancient Rome and is known for his sonnets?
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Petrarch (1304-1374)
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What did Boccaccio write?
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1313-1375, The Decameron, a collection of short stories to amuse reader
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How did Renaissance art differ from medieval art?
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Ren. art secular themes, three-dimensional, chiaroscuro, oil paints, linear perspectives
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What is chiaroscuro and who used it?
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method for applying value to a two-dimensional piece of artwork to create illusion of a three-dimensional solid form, used by Da Vinci, Raphael
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What were some of Da Vinci's (1452-1519) pieces?
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Mona Lisa
Last Supper Mechanical designs |
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Who painted the School of Athens?
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Raphael
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What were Michelangelo's famous works?
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David
Sistine Chapel ceiling architecture |
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How were Ren. scholars different from Medieval ones?
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More practical and secular, participate in political life, reject traditional interpretation
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What was the Reformation?
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Introduced new ideas about God, undermined power of Church
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Name two reformers before the Reformation
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John Wycliffe and John Hus
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What was the system used by the Church to raise money by selling cancellation of penalty of sin?
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Indulgences
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What were the tenets of the Anabaptists (1500s)?
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rejected child baptism
voluntary association of believers with no connection to state |
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What two religions in US are descendents of the Anabaptists?
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Mennonites
Amish |
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What was the central tenet of Calvinism?
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Predestination
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How was Reformation different in England than in Europe?
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In Europe: people reformers
In England: rulers decisions |
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Why was Queen Mary I (ruled 1553 to 1558) known as Bloody Mary?
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Mass executions of Protestants
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What was the Counter Reformation?
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A series of reforms within the Catholic church
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Who founded the Jesuit order in 1540?
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Ignatius of Loyola
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What wars were fought from 1560 to 1648 in England and Europe?
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Wars of Religion, between Catholics and Protestants
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Who received the territories of Charles the V (Holy Roman Emperor) in 1556?
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Philip II and Ferdinand
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What modern-day countries were in the territory Philip II received from his father in 1556?
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Spain, the Netherlands, the New World
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What modern-day countries were in the territory Ferdinand received from his brother in 1556?
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Austria, Hungary, Bohemia
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What was Mary I (r. 1553-1558) known as and why?
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Bloody Mary because she killed so many Protestants
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Who reigned in England from 1558-1603?
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Elizabeth I
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What dispute did the Peace of Augsburg (1555) settle?
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Catholic and Lutheran, but left out Calvinists
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In 1642, who did King Charles declare War against, and what was the war called?
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Puritan Revolution, English Civil War, Great Rebellion
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Who became the real power in France during the reign of Louis XIII?
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Cardinal Richelieu
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Name three Portuguese explorers in the 1400 and 1500s.
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Prince Henry the Navigator, Bartholomew Dias, Vasco de Gama
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Name three Spanish explorers/conquistadors in the 1400 and 1500s.
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Christopher Columbus, Ferdinance Magellan, Hernan Cortes, Francisco Pizarro
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