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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Mao Zedong
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Chinese Communist Leader from 1949 - 1976
Cult of Mao Propaganda created that placed Mao in religious settings familiar to the peasants. Little Red Book |
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Chu Hsi (Zhu Xi)
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Confucian scholar
Became leading figure of the School of Principle Neo-Confucian Wrote extensive commentaries on - The Great Learning, the Doctrine of the Mean, the Analects, and the Mencius These books became the basis of civil service examinations until 1905 |
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Mandate of Heaven
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Traditional Chinese philosophical concept concerning the legitimacy of rulers. Heaven would bless the authority of a just ruler but would withdraw their mandate from a despotic ruler.
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Kamikazi
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"divine wind"
suicide attacks by military aviators from the Empire of Japan against Allied naval vessels Name originated from hurricanes that dispersed Mongolian invasion fleets |
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Five Relationships
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Basic human relationships as listed by Confucius
1. Ruler to Ruled 2. Father to Son 3. Husband to Wife 4. Elder brother to Younger brother 5. Friend to Friend Father to Son is most important. |
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Nara
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?
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Hui Neng
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Sixth and Last patriarch of Chan Buddhism
Founder of 'Sudden Enlightenment' Story of writing poems on wall to find patriarch |
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Ch'an
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School of Mahayana Buddhism
Emphasizes meditation, zazen Emerged in China around 7th century CE. Importance of the Flower Sermon Use of Koans Zen in Japan Soto & Rinzai and Obaku introduced in the 12th Century by Eisai who traveled to Japan and returned In 1215 Dogen, a contemporary of Eisai, traveled to Japan and came back to establish the Soto school. |
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Shingon
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Major School of Japanese Buddhism
"Japanese Esoteric Buddhism" Shingon - 'True Words' - mantra Enlightenment possible in this lifetime Buddha-nature Special status to mantras, mudra, and mandala |
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Tientai
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Sect of Buddhism
Also called Lotus School Emphasis on Lotus Sutra Mahayana school Lotus Sutra = Supreme synthesis of Buddhist Doctrine |
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Amaterasu
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Japanese Sun Goddess
Most important Shinto deity "illuminates Heaven" Directly linked in lineage to the Imperial Household of Japan and the Emperor (descendants of kami) |
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Shinto
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Former State Religion of Japan
Characterized by polytheism and animism worship of kami Great love and reference for nature - cool nature things are characterized as kami |
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Kuan yin (Guan Yin)
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Bodhisattva associated with compassion
Usually female Associated with Avalokitesvara |
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Ch'i (Qi)
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"energy flow"
life force Important in Taoism, but also found in other religions |
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Li
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Extensively used in Confucian philisophy. Encompasses an abstract idea
ritual, customs, rules of proper behavior outward practice proper gov't is guided by principles of li |
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Tao
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Translates as 'way'
active and holistic conception of the fundamental/true nature of the world precedes and encompasses the universe Tao Te Ching |
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Yin/Yang
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Yin Yang are opposing, rooted together, and balanced.
Yin = slow, soft, insubstantial, diffuse, cold, wet, tranquil = feminine Yang = hard, fast, solid, dry, focused, hot, and aggressive = male |
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Honen
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Founder of Pure Land Buddhism (Jodo Shu)
1133 - 1212 CE |
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Mappo
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Degenerate age of Buddhism
Ppl unable to attain enlightenment during this period Society = morally corrupt |
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Shikantaza
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Japanese term for zazen
Associated with Soto school of Zen "nothing but precisely sitting" Goalless meditation in quiet awareness |
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Rinzai
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One of three Japanese Zen sects
Took root throught the efforts of Myoan Eisai after returning from China Emphasis on kensho as gateway to authentic Buddhist practice Training centered on koans Samurai zen |
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Mencius
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372 - 289 BCE
Chinese Confucian Philosopher One of principal interpreters of Confucianism Emphasized the innate goodness of the individual |
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Confucius
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Kong Fu Tzu (Master Kong)
551 - 479 BCE Chinese thinker and social philosopher Emphasized personal and governmental morality, correctness of social relationships, justice and sincerity Championed stong familial loyalty, ancestor worship, family as basis for ideal gov't |
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Chuang tzu
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Taoist philosopher
Relativistic Butterfly Dream 4th century BCE |
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Lao tzu
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"Old Master"
6th Century BCE Traditionally thought to be the author of the Daodejing Folk tale of travelling west and being stopped by guard |
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Amitabha
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Celestial buddha described in Mahayana scriptures
Principal buddha in the Pure Land sect Amitabha = "Infinite Light" "Buddha of Infinite Light" |
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Inner alchemy
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Taoist art and science of gathering, storing and circulating the energies of the human body.
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Hsien (Xian)
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Chinese word for an enlightened person
Taoist immortal |
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Nembutsu
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"mindfulness of the Buddha"
Pure Land term Refers to praise offered to Amitabha Buddha as a devotional act |
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Oracle bones
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pieces of bone or turtle shell taht were heated and cracked using a bronze pin during divination
the outcome of the divination was typically then written on the oracle bone. Their discovery proved the existence of the Shang dynasty Helped greatly in the furthering of the understanding of ancient Asia. |
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Yamabushi
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Japanese mountain ascetic hermit with tradition as mighty warriors with supernatural powers
Followers of Shugendo |
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I Ching
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Book of Changes - One of oldest Chinese classic texts
Symbol system used to identify order in random events Sometimes regarded as a system of divination |
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Taiping
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"peace"
Taiping Rebellion? Large scale revolt in China from 1850 - 1864 Army led by heterodox Christian convert Hong Xiuquan Claimed to be younger brother of Jesus First Chinese regime to allow women to examinations Established Taiping Heavenly Kingdom |
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Rectification of Names
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One of the themes taught in Confucianism doctrine. Means to know one's roles in the web of relationships that create community and behaving accorgingly so as to ensure social harmony
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Jodo
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Japanese martial art that uses short staffs and is focused upon defense against the Japanese sword
"the way of the jo" |
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Soka Gakkai
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Japanese new religious movement descended from Nichiren Buddhism
Formed in 1930 Importance of Lotus Sutra, Nam-Myoho-Renge-Kyo importance of chanting to faith to bringing out Buddha nature and becoming enlightened |
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Satori
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Japanese term for enlightenment
Means "understanding" Translates into a flash of sudden awareness Associated with Zen |
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Kung an (Koan)
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a story, dialogue, question or statement in the history and lore of Zen Buddhism, generally containing aspects that are inccessibly to rational understanding, yet may be accessible to intuition.
Two hands clap and there is a sound; what is the sound of one hand? |
