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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The Four Sights
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When Siddhartha Gautama goes for a chariot ride outside of the palace, he sees four different sights that change his life. He sees old age, sickness, death, and a renunciant. After he sees the four sights, he leaves his family, the yoga of knowledge path, and then receives enlightenment while sitting under a bodhi tree.
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Siddhartha Gautoma
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Had a prophecy about him that said he will either become a great emperor or achieve moksha. The king shelters his son from the harsh realities of life so that he will become an eperor. At age 29 he sees the four sights and sets out to achieve moksha.
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Mahapajapati Gotami
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Requests to become one with the renunciantsand become part of the Buddhist renunciant community. Buddha tells her not to set her heart on it. She asks a second time and Buddha changes his mind. She becomes the first nun.
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Bodhisattva Theravada
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A being who is on the way to enlightenment, but has not yet achieved it. Tey were encouraged to pledge to not only attain buddhahood themselves but also to work towards the liberation of all living things. Those who took a Bodhisattva vow are dedicating themselves to first and foremost the salvation of all living things.
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Bodhisattva Mahayana
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The Mahayana school proposed that grace was available in the form of merit transfered to humans from Bodhisattvas. Worshippers not only worship the Bodhisattvas but also ask them for blessings. Some Bodhisattvas have special functions.
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Arhat
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Title for a person who has had the same Nirvanic realization as the Buddha, but they needed a teacher to help reach it. Someone who has realized the ideal spiritual perfection. It is rare and may be reached over many lives.
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Sangha
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The community of Buddhist monks and nuns. Some forms of Buddhism also refer to the lay people as sanghas.
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Prajnaparamita Heart Sutra
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The essence of the Buddhist teaching that is chanted daily in monastatic and lay communities. Because we are empty we have impermanence. Through continuation we can change through our previous lives to reach Nirvana.
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Mahayana Sutra
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Name for many different texts. Mahayana means great path. Say the new sutras are part of the old ones which were lost. These sutras contain new ideas about the Buddha and what he meant, taught, and was.
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Metta
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A form of meditation that involves offering meditation first to yourself then to others. Use meditation to help with impermanence by focusing on the mind and body.
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Ahisma
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Feel non-violence is the supreme path. The Jaina commitment to non-violence is a commitment to radical non-interference. They equate non-violence with renunciation because it is only through the total cessation of activity of the mind, body, and speech that one can truly avoiding others and themself.
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Dharma (Buddhist)
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Teachings of the Buddha about social and moral obligation. Teaching of truth concerning the ultimate nature of things. "eternal truths"
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The Three Instructions
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Part of Truth 4, which is following the 8-fold path to achieve nirvanic realization. The 3 instructions are morality, concentration, and wisdom. Wisdom about what reality really is.
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Three characteristics of Existence
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Dukkha, which is profound suffering. Impermanence, which the only permanence is change. Anatman means no permanent self. Once the self is freed, it dissolves.
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Dependent Origination
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Part of Truth 1 where Dukkha is inescapable. "Causality in which everything that arises does so in response to other factors". It is in many ways the core teaching of the Buddha. It is also the primary subject of The Heart of Understanding.
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Anatman
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Means no permanent self. States the human person is impermanent and there is a changing combination of components.
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Dukka
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Means profound suffering. Dukkha is part of the 4 Truths. Dukkha arises because we are born already clinging to permanence in an important world. There is no way for us to permanently get what we want.
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4 Truths
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The Buddha's idea for how to be free of karma. Truth 1 is Dukkha is inescapable. So it states that suffering is inescabable. Truth 2 is how Dukkha arises. It states that Dukkha arises through craving, desire, causality, and because we are born. It is the chain of dependent origination. Truth 3 is the cessation of dukkha is possible. When desire, ignorance, and craving is conquered, Dukkha ceases and nirvana is reached. Truth 4 is the path. States taht following the 8-fold path is the way to achieve nirvanic realization. Perfection of morality, concentration, and wisdom.
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Emptiness
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Emptiness is freeing if we realize it fully. It makes us happy and stop being afraid. Buddhas are equaly empty. When we realize all these things we become free.
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Buddha-nature
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d
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Tripitaka/ Pali Canon- 3 Baskets
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Earliest collection of Buddhist literature.
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Mahayana
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Known as the Greater Vehicle movement. Emphasis on Mahayana sutras. Everyone can become a Buddha. The Buddha is more than human and the Buddha and Boghisattvas can help others.
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Theravada
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Theravada tradition was conservative and rejected all scriptures after the formation of the Tripitaka. Believe that most humans cannot become a Buddha, because the Buddha was a very special human. Meditative realization of impermanence and dependent origination.
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