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68 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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anthropology
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is the science that studies the origin, development and customs of human beings
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Catechism of the Catholic Church
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the official compendium of Catholic teaching. The Catechism looks at the four major areas of Catholic life:
1. The profession of our faith tradition; 2. The celebration of the Christian mystery: the sacramental life of the Church; 3. Life in Christ: how Jesus intended for us to live in our relationships with others; 4. Christian prayer: how to pray as Jesus did. |
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Creation Stories
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Genesis 1.26-31
-let there be mankind who is shaped in the image of God -may he have dominion over the fish and the sea -let there be plants and animals -may they be fruitful and yield plenty -grow and reproduce -sixth day there was evening and morning -seventh day is for rest Genesis 2.4-25 -garden of Eden -makes Adam out of dirt -makes a wife for him out of extra rib -snake tricks into eating apple -God freaks out and banishes them from the garden and sent here to live on earth |
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sin
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Sin is the breach of the relationship that God established with creation. It means to bring a fault or disorder into creation, maiming the work of God. We experience it as a power that entices or tempts us to act against good order. The Catechism defines it as "an utterance, a deed or a desire contrary to the eternal law."
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Encyclicals
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Encyclicals are official pastoral letters written by the Pope for the entire people of God. They give advice or shed light on issues that need to be better understood in the light of the teaching of the Church.
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Famous Five
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-Person Case of 1929
-wanted equality for women -wanted women to be apart of the Canadian senate -Judge Emily Murphy was the candidate -couldn't become senator because the British North America Act did not recognize women as "persons" -1927 Judge Murphy, Henrietta Edwards, Louise McKinny, Nellie McClung, and Irene Parlby got together and petitioned for the clarification of the BNA as to who qualified as a person -1928 the Supreme Court of Canada ruled that women were not "persons" under the BNA -October 18, 1929 the case was taken to the British Privy Council who ruled that under the BNA Section 24 "persons" included women |
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goodness
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God is the source of all that is good. Human beings, by their nature and vocation, are directed toward the good. Coming from God, and going toward God, human beings live fully human lives only if they freely live in communion with God. Goodness, then, is the result of being "connected" with God, as branches to a vine.
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Genesis
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-an origin, creation, or beginning
-the first book of the Bible, dealing with the Creation and the Patriarchs |
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Religion and Science
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Genetic research is opening the door to new insights into what makes us the way we are. Science does a very good job at exploring questions about the basic structures of things and how they work. Through science, we are finding new types of questions to ask. However, science can examine only what it can classify and measure and quantify. The human person is so much more than a measurable biological entity. To understand what it is to be human, we must go beyond science. The Christian Scriptures and tradition contain several thousand years of reflection on what it means to be human. These reflections help us understand who we are.
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Importance of Touch
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-young children being touched less than ever
-touch very therapeutic -babies six months or less should be carried around in front or back baby carriers -provides emotional security as well as sensory stimulation -premature babies more likely to live if they receive skin to skin contact -babies who receive no touch do not develop or grow as well -not physically sick, just need to be held -touch provides three things which babies need: sense of security, engages them with human world, begins process of communication |
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Seven Traits of Human Beings
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1. Humans are created in the image and likeness of God
Of all visible creatures, only humans can know and love the Creator. Only we are called to share, by knowledge and love, in God's own life. 2. Humans are called to happiness and holiness God has placed the desire for happiness in the human heart in order to draw all people to the One, who alone can fulfill this desire. True happiness, which we can fin only in God, is the goal of our existence. God calls us to be holy, so that our desire for happiness may be fulfilled. 3. Humans are rational and free By reason, we can understand the order of things established by the Creator. By freewill, we can direct ourselves to our true good. 4. Humans are moral beings Freedom is what makes us different from animals. Humans can act with freedom; animals cannot. Because we intend to do certain things, our actions are moral: they are either good or evil. 5. Humans have passions or feelings Feelings or passions incline us to act or not to act. They a |
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Jean Vanier
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-1964 created home for adults with mental disabilities
-foundation called L'Arche (meaning "The Ark") -taken these people in as his own family -hundreds of communities established across the globe -five principles for becoming human Principle #1 All humans are sacred, whatever their capacities or incapacities, and whatever their weaknesses or strengths may be. Each of us needs help to become all that we might be. Principle #2 Our world and our individual lives are in the process of evolving. It is a question of loving all the essential values of the past and reflecting on how they are to be lived in the new. These values include openness, love, wholeness, unity, peace, the human potential for healing, redemption, and the necessity of forgiveness. Principle #3 Maturity comes through working with others, through dialogue, and through a sense of belonging and a searching together. Principle #4 Human beings need to be encouraged to make choices, and to become responsible for their own lives and for the l |
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Seven Traits of Culture (#1 and #2)
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1. Humans create culture
Culture distinguishes us from the rest of nature. Plants don;t have it. Animals don't have it. Culture's origin is not genetic or biological. Only humans have it. 2. Culture consists or ways of doing thins Culture is not about the fact that we eat, or communicate, or pray, but about how we eat, how we communicate, and how we pray. To pray is to abopt a certain form of prayer. To speak is to speak a language, such as English. Culture is about the form. Culture is about the meaning given to doing things. It is a set of meanings or beliefs about how things should be done. Culture is a set of values about the things we do every day, such as driving cars, opening doors, going to the movies, and so on. |
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Seven Traits of Culture (#3)
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3. Culture is public
Culture is not about how I do things; it is about how we as a group or a community or a people do things. It is not private; it is public. Canadians do things in a certain way; Roman Catholics hold certain beliefs and values; our schools do things in a certain way. |
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Seven Traits of Culture (#4)
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4. Culture arises from tradition
Many of our ways if doing things we inherited from our parents or ancestors. We call these ways traditions. Some of these ways go back hundreds, sometimes thousands of years. The way we celebrate Christmas, the way we greet each other, the way we choose governments, the way the Catholic Church is structured - all these traditions were started by people before we were born. Other ways of doing things, such as surfing the Internet, are more recent. For Catholics, "Tradition" has another important meaning: "What Christ entrusted to the apostles, they in turn handed on by their preaching and writing, under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit, to all generations, until Christ returns in glory." Tradition in this sense is the handing on of the living gospel through the apostolic succession of bishops, the chief teachers in the Church. |
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Seven Traits of Culture (#5)
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5. Culture is made up of rule-governed actions
Because so many of these ways of doing things come from tradition, we feel that we have a certain duty to keep them. They function like rules. Most of these rules seem natural to us, and we don't question them. That is why traditions change slowly. Many of the rules parents set are rules that they learned when they were young. Young people tend to test or to break the rules set by tradition, only to discover that they have set new rules for action. If there were no rules, there would be chaos. |
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Seven Traits of Culture (#6)
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6. Culture becomes established in institutions
Over time, these ways of doing things become established and society reaches a consensus about them. We being to see that these ways of doing things are linked together to form a "system" of doing things. We sometimes call these "systems" institutions. For example, what we do in the family we call the institution of the family. This includes everything from marriage to the ways we live and eat together. The way we relate to God (the way we worship, relate to others and celebrate the sacraments, and the kinds of churches we build, or church services we attend) we call the institution of the Church. |
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Seven Traits of Culture (#7)
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7. Culture gives us our identity
The ways we do things are the source of our cultural identity. They set us apart from other cultures. The way the family is structured and does things in Canada is different from the way families operate in other societies. The way that the Coastal peoples of British Columbia live and relate to one another and the earth is different from that or the Mi'kmaq of Nova Scotia. The way that we worship and give witness to our faith and structure the Church creates our Catholic identity. In the same way, our sets of meanings, values beliefs as Canadians give us our Canadian identity. |
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liturgy
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In the Catholic tradition, liturgy is the Church's official act of worship. In liturgy, God interacts with us in the various situations of our lives. All liturgical rites use Christian symbols and rites to "retell" or "remember" the person of Jesus, particularly his death.
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transcendence
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Religious experience has to do with our relationship with a God whom we cannot see, hear, taster, smell, or touch. That is, God is beyond, or transcends, our usual physical experience. God certainly knows that we humans are physical beings and that we relate in a physical way. That is why God reveals God's-self to us in a physical way by entering human history as a man, Jesus. God makes God's-self knwon to us through creation, but we must learn to "see" through creation to God, who is the source of all.
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Church
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The Church is the community that was founded when God sent the Holy Spirit to Jesus' disciples at Pentecost. It is in this community that we can meet the risen Christ.
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Chosen People
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When God called the Hebrews out of Egypt through Moses, God chose them, the Bible says :out of all the peoples on earth to be his people, his treasured possession." Being the Chosen People was not so much a privilege as a mission. They were a "summoned" people. The people were to be a "light to the nations." They were to live the revelation of God to their ancestors for all the world to see and hear.
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covenant
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Originally, covenants were agreements between a ruler and the people. They gave details about the rights and obligations of both parties. The word covenant is used in the sacred Scriptures to express the relationship between God and the Chosen People. A covenant is like an adoption agreement in which God agrees to love, feed, care for ,and protect the Chosen People. It is best expressed in the scriptural phrase: "I will be their God, and they shall be my people."
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Moses
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-birth was unlike other great leaders
-all great people born through God's grace -mothers were old and infertile -God blesses them with baby -when born, Hebrew slaves not allowed to keep sons -Egyptians felt that Hebrews were becoming too strong -mother hid him in hut for three months -cast him into the nile in basket -Egyptian princess finds and keeps -names "Moses" which means "drawn out" in Hebrew |
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Exodus Story
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-Exodus 3.1 - 14
-Moses sees the burning bush while chasing after lost lamb -God proclaims that the ground he is standing on is holy -he tells Moses that he will deliver his people from Egypt -the Hebrew people will be freed from slavery with the help of Moses -God promises to protect moses and help him fight the Egyptian forces |
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YHWH
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-Moses receiving God's name was the revelation of revelations
-the Name is sacred -not to be used by people of Jewish faith -Jewish people give only 4 consonants for it (YHWH: yah-weigh) -Holy Name is never pronounced in Jewish services for fear of miss using it -replaced with "Adonai" which means "the Lord" -the Name given to Moses at Mount Sinai so that he may tell it to the Pharaoh to let the Hebrew people go from Egypt -name means literally "I am who I am" |
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metaphors
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A metaphor is a figure of speech used in poetic language. In a metaphor the writer illustrates something about the nature of one thing by relating it to another thing. Metaphors help us to see things from a fresh perspective.
-God stimulates imagination -best language to describe him is poetic -lots of metaphors in parables -metaphors make connections to a God we cannot see or hear to things that we can see or hear |
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Five Traits of a Parable (#1)
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A parable is a story
Parables are short stories often about ordinary events of day-to-day life. They are about people losing a coin, being hired to work, finding treasures, sowing seed, and squandering their inheritance. They tell about being a good person, always doing what you are supposed to do, cheating the boss, working with money, heaping up possessions, and holding banquets. Jesus' parables were based on daily life among his own people. |
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Five Traits of a Parable (#2)
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A parable is a comparison
A parable compares something we don't know (for example, the kingdom of God or God's way of acting) with something we do know (events from everyday life). Jesus makes some surprising comparisons. He compares the kingdom of God to a mustard seed, yeast, a pearl, a treasure, a father who has two sons, and so on. Some of his comparisons are quite daring. |
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Five Traits of a Parable (#3)
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A parable contains a crisis
All good stories have a beginning, a crisis, and a resolution. So do parables. The crisis of the parable is the most interesting part. Sometimes the crisis is very gentle, like the seed sown by the farmer that grows without his knowing and becomes a stalk and develops a head of grain. Other stories take a strange turn. Our expectations of what is normal are challenged, overturned, or fulfilled in an unusual way. In the parable from Cat's Cradle quoted above, we might expect God to have a purpose for everything. The parable says that God scoffs at this idea, and suddenly we are left with a world where we have to make our own sense of things. This can be quite unsettling. What we thought we knew is being challenged. Parables challenge us to think differently about God and ourselves. In this sense, parables work like metaphors. |
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Five Traits of a Parable (#4)
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A parable has an ending
Some endings are happy - the shepherd finds his sheep, the father is reunited with his son. And others are tragic - the farmer who is heaping up his wealth dies before he can enjoy all the goods stored in his barns. |
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Five Traits of a Parable (#5)
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A parable is a story about God's kingdom, that is to say, God;s way of acting among us
A parable gives us a brief glimpse into the mystery of the kingdom of God. The presence of the kingdom of God in the story gives the story its gentle and at times strange twists. In other words, the story is about God and the unexpected ways that God takes care of things. The story does not describe God's kingdom; it only makes a comparison. That is why parables are symbolic: they draw us into the mystery of God and how God relates to us. They raise questions. We don't know ho God takes care of things; God is a mystery to us. But Jesus gives us some glimpses of God. His parables will help us when we look for ways of acting as Christians in our culture. |
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Prophets
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Prophets were holy persons in Israel who were spokespersons for God. Because they were close to God through their prayer, they could communicate God's word through oracles, visions, judgments, and symbolic actions. There were many kinds of prophets. But essentially, they were messengers of God amid the Chosen People.
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Torah
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The torah is the heart of the First, or Old Testament. "Torah" is usually translated as "law." Here, "law" does not mean "legal rules," as we usually understand it, but "instruction." The Torah is God's instruction about the covenant: how to live in the mutually agreed-upon relationship with God. The Ten Words (Ten Commandments) are at the heart of the Torah. They are the code of the covenant of God.
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Incarnation
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Incarnation means that God became human and dwelt personally - in the flesh - among us in Jesus of Nazareth.
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new covenant
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With Jesus we talk about a new covenant. Through Jesus, God's original covenant with Israel became even more intimate, more personal. In the new covenant relationship, God personally enters into human culture in the person of Jesus of Nazareth. Jesus reveals this covenant relationship with God in his own person. "Jesus is the new covenant" through whom we become co-heirs of the kingdom
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revelation
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God communicates God's-self to humankind in stages: through creation itself, through covenants (for example, God;s covenant with Moses) and through the prophets. God's self-revelation is complete in Jesus. THis revelation is passed on to all generations through the sacred Scriptures and apostolic tradition.
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Mary Magdalene
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-Mary stood at Jesus' tomb weeping
-loved Jesus with all her heart -when his body gone -looked for it all over the place -disciples went home -her great love of Jesus allowed her to be the first person Jesus revealed himself to after his resurrection -when looked in tomb saw two angels -asked them for Jesus -turned around -saw Jesus but not recognized him -called her by name and realized it was him -called back "Rabbouni" which means teacher -Jesus told her to tell everyone JESUS LIVES! :D |
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Mother Teresa
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-her words
-greatest disease in west today is being unwanted, unloved, and uncared for -need to reach out to the lonely and forgotten and give love -almost as important as feeing the hungry -hunger for love and for God -easy to love those far away -hard to love the ones closest to you |
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reciprocity
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Reciprocity is the expectation that if I do something for someone else, this person will at some point do something in return for me. This give and take is motivated both by unselfishness and by self-interest. Our culture depends on reciprocity, but it has been gradually decreasing because of a lack of trust.
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St. Therese of Lisieux
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-five sisters
-1873 in Therese Martin -moved to Liseux when mother died at age 5 -15 joined Carmelite convent -died at age 24 because of tuberculosis -1925 Pope Pius XI declared her a saint -her autobiography "Story of a Soul" became international best seller -book talked about doing nice little things for others -her spirituality dubbed "the little way" -did little things for other nuns in the convent -didn't want to be recognized for acts -sacrificed some of her own enjoyment for others -known for her loving smile -put up with nun who made irritating noises during prayer, didn't say anything to nun who splashed her with dirty laundry water, and pushed grumpy nun's wheelchair all over the place |
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atheism
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People throughout the ages have said that there is no God. But only in the West has atheism, the denial of God's existence, become such a strong part of culture. In the 1991 census, 12.5% of Canadians declared that they had no religious affiliation.
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agnosticism
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Agnostics say they don't know if God exists. They prefer to remain indifferent. The movements of atheism are parts of Western culture.
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Samaritans
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-Jesus sees woman at well
-kinda seedy because normally people go in morning -Jesus asks for water from her -she says no because he is a prophet and will be unclean for talking to her because she is a Samaritan -asks Jesus why he would ask her for water when he is Jew -tells her of eternal life -always be full of holy spirit -reveals himself as messiah -woman whom Jesus met at the well had a deep thirst for life she was unable to satisfy -she was married 5 times -Jesus tells her that he can satisfy her thirst -asks her to tell him more about her faith -John's symbolic language says "i have no husband" means no god -Jesus says that many are confused and that he will show the way to get the water and go into eternal life |
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Five Kinds of Love (Companionship)
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This is the love that one has for an associate, a classmate, or a comrade in an adventure. This is a relationship based on companionship and a sharing of common interests or goals, but it does not involve emotional closeness. The Greeks called this love HETAIREAI.
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Five Kinds of Love (Sexual Love)
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Love in the sexual sense is a passionate love, spontaneous, and even instinctive. It is the love of mutual attraction between a man and a woman. EROS is the Greek word for romantic or sexual love.
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Five Kinds of Love (Family Love)
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This is the love children have for their parents and parents for their children. It is a love that sprouts naturally. It is not earned, and is often quite emotional, with deep attachments. The Greek used the word STORGE to name this family love.
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Five Kinds of Love (Friendship)
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The Greeks called the warm and tender affection felt between two friends PHILIA. This is the love that Jesus had for Lazarus. When Lazarus' sisters sent for Jesus when Lazarus was ill, they reminded Jesus of his friendship: "Lord, he whom you love (phileo) is ill." A love between friends is mutual and supportive. One does not leave a friend in the lurch.
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Five Kinds of Love (Charity)
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Charity is a special kind of love. The Greeks called it agape. We wish others well even when they do not do anything in return. It is an unconditional love, a love that is willing to sacrifice. It does not matter what a person does to us; he or she may offend us or treat us badly. Agape-love reaches out to this person. Agape-love does not have to like the person, since it is not dependent on the emotions. Agape-love does something - a favour, a gesture, an offer of help - for a person, wether deserving or not. This is the highest form of love. It can even be given to enemies. Jesus referred to agape-love when he said "Love one another as I have loved you."
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sexuality
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Sexuality is the force and energy to be creative in response to life. We experience this force both spiritually and bodily. Our sexuality orients us towards others - it underlies our desire for love, friendship, community, and family. Human love and communion are not only spiritual. They are also physical, taking into account the fact that we are male and female. "Man and woman were made 'for each other' - God... created them to be a communion of person... and complementary as masculine and feminine."
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HIV
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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus (a member of the retrovirus family) that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS),[1][2] a condition in humans in which the immune system begins to fail, leading to life-threatening opportunistic infections. Infection with HIV occurs by the transfer of blood, semen, vaginal fluid, pre-ejaculate, or breast milk. Within these bodily fluids, HIV is present as both free virus particles and virus within infected immune cells. The four major routes of transmission are unsafe sex, contaminated needles, breast milk, and transmission from an infected mother to her baby at birth (vertical transmission)
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AIDS
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Acquired immune deficiency syndrome or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a disease of the human immune system caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).[1][2][3]
This condition progressively reduces the effectiveness of the immune system and leaves individuals susceptible to opportunistic infections and tumors. HIV is transmitted through direct contact of a mucous membrane or the bloodstream with a bodily fluid containing HIV, such as blood, semen, vaginal fluid, preseminal fluid, and breast milk.[4][5] This transmission can involve anal, vaginal or oral sex, blood transfusion, contaminated hypodermic needles, exchange between mother and baby during pregnancy, childbirth, breastfeeding or other exposure to one of the above bodily fluids. |
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marriage
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-melding of eros and agape love
-love between married man and woman like Christ's love -love how Jesus loved the Church and create one flesh -giving oneself up for the good of the other is expression of agape love in marriage -no conditions for love -never abandon -same covenant for Jesus as married man and woman |
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golden rule
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The golden rule - "Do unto others as you would have them do unto you", or "In everything do to others as you would have them do to you" - presents a good summary of Christian morality. When we apply it, we deal with others in the same way that we would like them to deal with us, not asking for anything in return.
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intimacy
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Intimacy is the close bond that exists between human beings, wether as friends or as associates. The bond is intimate because it touches our inner-most being, our spiritual and physical core. Because we are sexual by nature, intimacy is always sexual, but it does not necessarily involve having sexual relations. We cannot be divided spirit from body. Intimacy involves the whole person.
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grace
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Grace describes God's kind, merciful, and absolutely generous love for us. Grace shows itself in God's gifts of creation. But grace is particularly manifest in the person of Jesus Christ. Through his redemptive living, complete self-surrender on the cross and rising from the dead, Jesus shows us just how complete God's love is. As Paul writes in the Letter to Titus, in Jesus "the grace of God has appeared, bringing salvation to all." The gift of God's grace allows us to imitate Jesus' selfless love for others.
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common good
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The common good refers to all the social conditions that allow us to reach our fulfillment more fully and more easily. It is made up of three essential elements: (1) respect for the person; (2) the social well-being and development of the group itself; (3) peace, i.e., the stability and security of a just order.
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Encyclicals
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Letters on social justice by Catholic Leaders - Pg. 148
1891 Pope Leo XIII -asked state to make laws which protect worker’s well being -outline what workers are entitled to -fair payment for work done 1931 Pope Pius XI -affirmed Pope Leo XIII’s letter -commented on capitalism and communism -proposed principle subsidiarity -the State cannot take over what individuals or small groups have 1961 Pope John XXIII -criticized wealthy nations for not helping poor nations -world’s nations becoming dependent on one another -encouraged collective bargaining for workers 1963 Pope John XXIII -human rights and dignity -asked nations to stop arms race 1967 Pope Paul VI -rich nations must develop poor nations -world peace dependent on this -tax for rich nations to develop poor nations -fair trade to be used more frequently 1971 Pope Paul VI -spoke about development of large cities -spoke about racial and sexual discrimination -spoke about Catholics becoming involved in political action 1981 Pope John Paul II -w |
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violence (reasons)
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People become violent when they want to find a way out of a situation that they find intolerable. They want to break out of the frustration of having no voice, of people refusing to listen to them, or notice them.
WE HAVE TO COMPETE to obtain food, housing, and clothing. None of these come without a certain amount of struggle. We need to assert ourselves and to compete to get a job, to get a place in college or university, or to make a living. Being assertive is not the same as being aggressive. VIOLENCE COMES FROM ABUSE OF POWER. When one person seeks to dominate another by using physical force, they generally do it in order to force the other person to give them what they want. People use violence to gain respect. But it is a grudging respect based on fear. Because of the fascination with violence in our culture, the fear is mixed with admiration to create a dangerous mix. ENVY AND JEALOUSY It is extremely easy for people to become rivals - each one becoming an obstacle to what the other wants. |
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Violence and Language
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To end violence we need a language that does not give up on human dignity, a language that refuses to be intimidated. We need a language that does not return violence with more violence, but confronts it with reason and love. Violence fears the voice of reason and peace.
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Duties of Catholics to the State
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1. Obey civil authority
We must obey and honour civil authority. We should treat those who have been given authority with respect, and, when warranted, with gratitude and goodwill. We should pray for those in authority so that, in the words of St. Paul, "we may lead a quiet and peaceable life in all godliness and dignity." But what about when governments act unjustly, not respecting the moral order, the fundamental rights of persons or the teachings of the gospel? In these cases we are obliged in conscience not to follow their directives. Jesus said, "Give to the emperor the things that are the emperor's, and to God the things that are God's." Armed resistance to oppressive political authority is allowable only as a last resort, and only when strict conditions have been met. 2. Vote We should exercise our right to vote. 3. Participate in public life As far as possible, we should take an active part in public life. We should promote institutions that improve the living conditions of all. It i |
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justice
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Justice is based on the distribution of goods (not just material goods) in society and the equality of all its citizens. Justice is the virtue that gives each person his or her due in the distribution of goods.
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Five Important Actions of the Catholic Church
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1. The Catholic Church proclaims Jesus Christ
The Church keeps alive the memory of Jesus, proclaiming that Jesus is present in people's live and in history. The Holy Spirit dwells in the hearts of believers. How do we remember Jesus in all cultures in every age? By preaching. The Church preaches the good news of Jesus in all new circumstances of life. The Church must continually find new ways of telling Jesus' story and living it. The world needs people of faith, hope, and agape-love. 2. The Catholic Church worships Christ through the sacraments The Church celebrates life and love through the sacraments. The liturgy, or official worship of the Church, expresses the faith of the people and also builds up the Church. Through baptism and confirmation, it makes Christ present by initiating people into his life, death, and resurrection. As Church, we celebrate the memory of Christ each Sunday in the Eucharist. In the name of Christ, we forgive when forgiveness is needed, heal when healing is needed, |
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The Church as one, holy, catholic, and apostolic
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one
-Church one because sacrament of the risen Christ -Holy Spirit works in us to make us more like Christ -Holy Spirit unifies community into one body -not completely the same -diverse while being unified holy -Church holy because embodies the love of God -Church holy because body of Christ -we are holy people -holiness given through baptism and kept alive through Eucharist -source of holiness in Church through agape-love catholic -means universal or in view of the whole -Church catholic in two senses -universal because of the fullness of Christ's body and life dwells within it -Christ is the beginning, end, and all creation -catholic in second sense because it has been sent out to all nations -wherever Church is, Christ is there -every community where the gospel is preached and the Eucharist is celebrated is catholic apostolic -means that the Church is founded on apostles and their mission -Church built on faith of apostles -bishops are successors to the apostles -retained a link with apostles through H |
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St. Paul
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-rounded up followers of Jesus
-imprisoned them -going to Damascus and got converted -great influence on early Church -challenged Church's mission to think bigger -on way to Damascus he experienced something mystical -witnessed risen messiah -became accepting of Jesus after trying to persecute his followers -no one trusted him because he had spent so much time trying to kill Jesus' followers -apostles couldn't accept into order because he never actually knew Jesus -preached in synagogues -went back to Tarsus for several years to come to grips with discovery -continued to claim he was apostle -preached to everyone and fought for Church -rejected by Jewish Christians who kept rituals of Judaism -accepted by pagans -could not celebrate Christ like Jewish Christians because they have own Hellenistic ways -got Church of Jerusalem to accept Gentiles (people of other faiths) and how they celebrate Christ in their own culture -opened door for Christ's teachings into other nations |
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Sacraments and Rituals
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baptism
confirmation eucharist reconciliation anointing of the sick marriage holy orders gathering liturgy of the word liturgy of eucharist communion rite dismissal rite (pg. 193) |
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epistle
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An epistle (pronounced /ɨˈpɪsəl/; Greek ἐπιστολή, epistolē, 'letter') is a writing directed or sent to a person or group of people, usually a letter and a very formal, often didactic and elegant one. The epistle genre of letter-writing was common in ancient Egypt as part of the scribal-school writing curriculum. The letters in the New Testament from Apostles to Christians are usually referred to as epistles. Those traditionally attributed to Paul are known as Pauline epistles and the others as catholic (i.e., "general") epistles.
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Encyclicals
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1981 Pope John Paul II
-work is spiritual activity -affirmed rights of disabled -stronger family life -supported workers joining unions 1987 Pope John Paul II -worried about less developed nations -warned against consumerism -money spent on weapons was injustice to the poor 1991 Pope John Paul II -wrote on the subject of the centenary letter of social justice -spoke about: -capitalism -just wages -unemployment -unions -the family -summary of all the issues discussed within the last 100 years -added the topic of the environment 1995 Pope John Paul II -maintain right to life -spoke about euthanasia, assisted suicide, capital punishment, and abortion |
