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61 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who destroyed the Second Temple of Jerusalem and in what year was it destroyed?
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This was destroyed in the year 70 CE by the Romans.
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What events were caused from the destruction of the Second Temple?
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This brought about the end of the temple-based ceremonial religion and caused the widespread dispersion of Jews to lands far from Israel.
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What is the difference between Biblical and Rabbinical Judaism?
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This Judaism is what it was called before the destruction of the Second Temple, and this is what it is called after.
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What does "Reform" in Judaism mean?
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This is the term that signifies the movement in Judaism that modernized it.
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What is a rabbi?
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This is the term for a jewish teacher.
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What is midrash?
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This is the term that is used to describe a rabbi's interpretation of biblical laws and practices.
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What is the Torah?
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This is the term used to describe the first five books of the Bible.
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What 3 sections is the Hebrew Bible divided into?
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The Torah (Teaching), Nevi'im (Prophets), and Ketuvim (Writings) are three things that make up what?
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What is the entirety of the Hebrew Bible called?
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This is known as the Tanakh
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Why does Yahweh destroy humanity with a flood?
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Yahweh does this because he is disgusted with the rapidly growing, immoral human population.
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What is the significance of the story of Adam and Eve?
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This story shows that the realms of man and god have to stay separate. These two experiences of reality cannot co mingle. This story also shows disobedience and is the reason that women undergo painful childbirth.
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What is the significance of the story of Abraham and Issac?
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This story shows obedience to god. It portrays the undoubtable faith that Jews have for Yahweh; how the always trust his judgement without doubt. Abraham has to choice to not sacrifice his son, but he does it because Yahweh tells him to. God then saves Abraham from killing Isaac.
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What does "synagogue" mean?
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This term means "meetinghouse"
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What is the Sabbath and how did it form?
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This formed during the time that Jews were exiled in Babylonia. The Jews began to meet weekly to discuss the scriptures and to pray.
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When was the rise of Hitler?
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This happened in 1933.
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Who is Maimonides?
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This is the medieval scholar who first formulated a set of central Jewish beliefs.
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What are the central beliefs of all Jews?
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The belief in God. god is one, formless, all-knowing, eternal.
Belief in the words of the prophets. Belief that God gave the law to Moses. Belief that the Messiah, the savior to be sent by God, will come someday. Belief that there will be a resurrection of the good "in the world to come" |
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What do the Jews see the central beliefs as, if they do not interpret them literally?
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They see them as the symbols of the ultimate triumph of goodness in the world
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What day is the Sabbath held on?
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The Sabbath is the 7th day of the week.
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What is Rosh Hashanah?
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This is the Jewish holiday held on New Year's Day that lasts 10 days.
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What is Yom Kippur?
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This means the "day of covering" and it is the most solemn day of the year. It is a day of fasting, prayer, and reflection that is meant to cleanse people for the upcoming religious year. It is the last day of Rosh Hashanah.
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What is Sukkot?
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This means "shelters". It is the late-harvest festival.
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What is Hanukkah?
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This means "dedication". It is also called the "Feast of Lights". This is held in December and families gather on eight evenings, light candles on a menorah, and give their children presents.
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What is Purim?
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This means "lots". This is celebrated in February. This festival is marked with the giving of food and money and reading the Book of Esther. This festival recalls the divine protection that God gives the Jews
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What is Pesach or "Passover"?
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This festival recalls the Hebrew's departure from Egypt. It is a feast of freedom called the Seder (order).
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What are Sephardic Jews?
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These are the Jews who came from Israel and settled in Spain.
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What are Ashkenazic Jews?
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These are the Jews who came from central Europe.
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This is the language that Ashkenazic Jews speak.
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What is Yiddish?
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What does Orthodox mean?
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This is the traditional Judaism. This branch is committed to retaining the traditional practices and beliefs of Jews.
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What does testament mean?
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This means "contract" or "covenant".
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What does gospel mean?
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This means "good news".
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What is Palestine?
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This is Israel by a previous name. It was controlled by Romans and part of the Roman Empire.
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Who are the Zealots?
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These are the patriots who wanted to expel the Romans.
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What are the Sadducees?
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This is a gorup of priests in Jerusalem who accepted the Roman occupation as inevitable, but still kept up with Jewish temple rituals.
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Who are the Essenes?
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These are the members of a semimonastic movement that lived a strict life in the desert and provinces. For the most part, they lived away from Jerusalem because they thought it was corrupt.
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Who are the Pharisees?
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This is a set of devout Jews who were preoccupied with meticulously keeping the Jewish law. These people were model religious figures for the community and policed them.
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Describe Paul/Saul.
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Paul was against the "Jesus movement" at first because he saw it as a dangerous cult that could divide Judaism. Jesus came to Paul in a vision and since, Paul was convinced that he was supposed to spread the belief of Christ around the mediterranean. He changed his name from Saul to Paul show his orientation to the non-Jewish world.
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What are the names of the 4 parts of the New Testament?
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The Gospels, the Acts of the Apostles, the Epistles, and Revelation.
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What is the Acts of the Apostles?
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This tells of the initial spread of Christianity.
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What are the epistles?
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These are letters to early Christians, primarily by Paul.
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What is the book of Revelation?
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This is the story that foretells the triumph of Christianity.
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What are the Gospels?
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These describe the life and teachings of Jesus
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What is the Gospel of Mark?
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This is the gospel that is thought to have been written first.
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What is the Sermon on the Mount?
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This is when Jesus delivers his teachings on a mountain, just as Moses delivered the Ten Commandments from another mountain.
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When was the Gospel of Mark written?
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65-70 CE
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When was the Gospel of Luke written? How is it different from the other three?
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85 CE. It talks about the women in Jesus' life.
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When was the gospel of Matthew written?
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75-80 CE. It protrays Jesus as a teacher who offers a "new Torah"
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When was the gospel of John written?
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90-100 CE.
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What does "patriarch" mean?
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This was an important bishop who was a leader of an entire region.
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What is the Protestant Reformation?
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This happened in the 16th century. You have to understand the relationship with god through grace. Only god can decide what is right for you. You have to read/contemplate stories of the Bible and pray for god's grace.
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About what year does Jesus die?
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30-33
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About what year does Christianity began to form?
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The year 100
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What is the "Jesus movement"?
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This takes place about 50-70 years after Jesus' death.
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Who is Yeshua?
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This is Jesus' real name
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What does "Christ" mean?
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This means "the one anointed with oil"
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When was Jesus born?
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This happened around the year 4 CE
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What are the Four Conical Gospels?
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These are Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John. They are the teachings of the life of Jesus and were written anonymously.
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What are the Gnostic Gospels?
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This is the New Testament.
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What gospel is the "Jewish gospel"?
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This is the gospel of Mark
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Why was it important that the early Jesus movement created their own testament?
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Creating a testament gives the tradition legitimacy and validity because they were Jews and Jews write down their faith. The Christian religion would have went nowhere if it was not written down.
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What does the "Torah" mean?
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This means "guidance"
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