Religion: Exam 1

Front 1

Theodicies

1

Back 1

-provide explanations for the prescence of evil, suffering, and death

Front 2

Vedas

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Back 2

-ancient scriptures reveered by Hindus

Front 3

Moksha

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Back 3

-in Hinduism, involves breaking the chain of rebirths. This involves the wheel of Karma/Samsara.

-also involves liberating the soul from illusion and suffering

Front 4

Karma

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Back 4

-is the law of energy; the law of cause and effect.

Karma involves the wheel of karma and includes thoughts, words, and deeds.

Front 5

Dharma

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Back 5

-In Hinduism, it means moral order, rightousness, and religion. In Buddhism, it means the correct conduct for each person according to his or her level of awareness. The teachings of the Buddha.

Front 6

Ren

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Back 6

-Confucianism belief that human heartedness is the highest virtue, the ultimate goal of education.

Front 7

Cosmos

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Back 7

-the universe

Front 8

Sangha

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Back 8

-in Theravada Buddhism, Sangha is the monastic community, In Mahayana Buddhism, Sangha is the spiritual community that follows the Dharma.

Front 9

Eightfold Path (VISA)

(first four)

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Back 9

having the

1. right views
2. right intentions
3. the right speech
4.the right actions (5 precepts)

Front 10

Eightfold Path (LEMC)

(last four)

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Back 10

5. the right livelihood
6. the right effort-emphasis on will and exertion.
7. right mindfulness-importance of the mind and influence
8. the right concentration-use of techniques like raja yoga

Front 11

Eightfold Path (VISALEMC)

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Back 11

1. right views
2. right intentions
3. right speech
4. right actions
5. right livelihood
6. right effort
7. right mindfulness
8l right concentration

Front 12

Five Precepts (KSLUI)

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Back 12

1. do not kill
2. do not steal
3. do not lie
4. do not be unchaste
5. do not drink intoxicants

Front 13

Bhakti Yoga

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Back 13

-in Hinduism, the path of devotion

Front 14

Jhana Yoga

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Back 14

-the use of intellectual effort as a yogic technique

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Karma Yoga

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Back 15

-the path of unselfish service in Hinduism

Front 16

Bodhisattva

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Back 16

-in Mahayana Buddhism, one who has attained enlightenment but renounces nirvana for the sake of helping all sentiment beings in their journey to liberation from suffering

Front 17

Escathology

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Back 17

-beliefs about the end of the world and of humanity

Front 18

Four Noble Truths (about suffering)

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Back 18

1. Life inevitably involves suffering

2. Suffering originates in our desires

3. Suffering will cease if all desires cease.

4. The way to realize this state is through the Eightfold Path.

Front 19

Israel

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Back 19

-God's promised land to the Jewish people.

Front 20

Sabbath

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Back 20

-day of the week set aside for rest and worhsip in Judaism and Christianity

Front 21

Krishna's attributes

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Back 21

-intense love and compassion for humanity

Front 22

Messiah

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Back 22

-the anointed, the expected king and deliverer of the Jews

Christians call Jesus the messiah

Front 23

Moksha

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Back 23

-in Hinduism, liberation of the soul from illusion and suffering

Front 24

Monotheism

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Back 24

-believing in a single God

Front 25

Mythologies

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Back 25

-stories expressing ideas about reality or spirtual history

Front 26

Nirvana

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Back 26

-in Buddhism, the ultimate egoless state of bliss

Front 27

Shepherd

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Back 27

-term reserved for God by Jews and Jesus for Christians

Front 28

Scientific Method

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Back 28

-a method based on observable, empirical, measurable evidence, and is subject to the laws of reasoning

Front 29

Supreme Being

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Back 29

-God or a God

Front 30

Syncretism

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Back 30

-a form of religion in which otherwise differing traditions are blended

Front 31

The Buddha

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Back 31

-taught that in understanding how we create suffering for ourselves, we can become free. The Buddha is said to have overcome hate, greed, and ignorance to achieve complete liberation from suffering.

Front 32

Three Jewels

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Back 32

-refers to the Buddha, Dharma, and Sangha in Buddhism.

Front 33

Torah

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Back 33

-the whole body of Jewish teachings and law. Also known as the Pentateuch.

Front 34

Theocracy

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Back 34

-a form of government in which the divine power governs an earthly state in person or through religious representatives.

Israel had this type of social organizaiton.

Front 35

Universalism

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Back 35

-making religions universally acceptable to all.

Front 36

World Construction

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Back 36

-the ability of religion to both grow out of and influence social life.

Front 37

Sacred Space

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Back 37

-a certain location such as a temple, cathedral, or cemetery, that gives a person an encounter with the sacred

Front 38

Belief Systems

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Back 38

-beliefs about the world and what should be considered sacred or held in awe.

Front 39

Canon

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Back 39

-writings, such as the Bible, that are declared authoritive for a given tradition.

Front 40

Dualistic Theodicies

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Back 40

-connote a struggle between the powers of light(good) and those of darkness(evil). Suffering is caused by evil forces as part of an ongoing battle for control of the universe.

Front 41

Religious Traditions

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Back 41

-are constituted out of particular socioeconomic situations and change over time.

-RT's are a systematic set of beliefs acted upon and sustained by rituals and institutions

Front 42

Religion

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Back 42

-is the goal of tying people to something beyond the surface of life, a greater reality which lies beyond, or invisibly infuses, the world we can percieve with our 5 senses.

Front 43

Sacred Canopy

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Back 43

-a sheltering fabric of security and answers for both the profound and mundane questions of life.

Sacred Canopy results in religious and cultural traditions.

Front 44

Reincarnation

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Back 44

-the belief that the soul leaves the dead body and enters a new body. One takes birth again and again and again in countless bodies, but the self remains the same.

Front 45

Rabbi

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Back 45

-a Jewish teacher and spiritual leader of a Jewish congregation

Front 46

Rabbi Hillel

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Back 46

-Rabbi who decided to apply Biblilcal teachings to contemporary life.

-Lived from 30 B.C.E. to 10
CE.

-Stressed loving relationships, good deeds, and charity towards the poor.

Front 47

Ethos (TILC)

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Back 47

-defines taboo lines between acceptable and inappropriate behavior, defines identities, legitimizes social orders, and criticizes social orders.

-Provide Guidelines for everyday life. Constructed by religious traditions.

Front 48

Modernism

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Back 48

-Scientific critique of beliefs, scriptures, and institutions.

Front 49

Multiculturalism

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Back 49

-competing views of the world.

-Modernism and Multiculturalism are part of the two fold challenge to religion

Front 50

Global Village

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Back 50

-all people living in the same space creates a vast multicultural experience and causes Fundamentalism and Traditionalism.

Front 51

Civil Religion

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Back 51

-a nationalistic perspective that uses religious symbols and imagery to promote or sustain a nation state

Front 52

Rituals are a

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Back 52

-regularly repeated, traditional, and carefully preserved set of behaviors that symbolize a value or belief.

Front 53

Rituals provide (SRDIR)

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Back 53

-solutions to problems, are rooted in experience to appear empirically verifiable, demarcate social boundaries, identify evil, and reinforce social processes.

Front 54

Sacred

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Back 54

-religious things that are of ultimate concern, set apart, and/or forbidden

Front 55

Profane

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Back 55

-things that are ordinary and mundane. Profanity infolves using something extraordinary in an ordinary way.

Front 56

Cosmogenies

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Back 56

-a set of theories about how and why the world was created. the more localized the cosmogeny of a religion, the less relevant it will seem in the world system.

Front 57

Decalogue

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Back 57

-the ten commandments given to Moses at Mount Sinai

Front 58

Elective Affinities (ideas and interests)

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Back 58

-metaphor describing the relationship between ideas and interests in a social group.

Front 59

Homogenous

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Back 59

-generally refers to a community that shares the same beliefs

Front 60

Globalization (ESCP)

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Back 60

-term used for the increasing series of economic, social, technological, cultural, and political changes occuring across the globe and the increasing interaction between the people of the world.

Front 61

Externalization

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Back 61

-ongoing physical and mental outpouring of humans into the world around them which create material and cultural objects

Front 62

Evil

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Back 62

-forces of darkness

Front 63

Historical Criticism

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Back 63

-analyzing religous scriptures objectively as a literary collection written with certain historical and cultural contexts.

Front 64

Communal Cults

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Back 64

-are not led by specialists but meet the needs of a particular community such as those found in a family, kinship, or locality.

Front 65

Compassion

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Back 65

-is a sense of shared suffering, most often combined with a desire to alleviate or reduce such suffering; to show special kindness to those who suffer.