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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who worked to influence the outcomes of papal elections during the 18th century? |
The Hapsburgs of Austria
The Bourbons of France |
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What kind of pope were the Hapsburgs and Bourbons trying to get elected? Why? Did they succeed? |
A weak pope
Because a weak pope would not try to take away their power over the Church and its leaders
They succeeded |
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What kind of advisors and officials did catholic monarchs began to surround themselves with during the mid eighteenth century |
Surrounded themselves with advisors and officials who were followers of the enlightenment persuaded |
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What did these followers of the enlightenment persuade the catholic monarchs to do?
How did bishops react?
What was happening to the papacy as a result? |
Persuaded monarchs to keep the church subordinate
Many bishops willingly submitted
Papacy declined into weakness |
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Who defended the papacy?
What did they defend the papacy against? What did they support? |
Jesuits
Against absolute monarchs And supported church doctrine condemning the anti religious teachings of the enlightenment |
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What were Jesuit schools in Europe teaching ? Who were they educating? |
Educating young men to live out their faith and defend it |
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What were Jesuit missionaries doing in the new world? |
They were working to protect the native peoples from slavery |
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Who began to see jesuits as a threat ? What did they do as a result? |
"Enlightened catholic monarchs"
Began expelling Jesuits from territories in both Europe and the Americas |
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What did secular rulers pressure the pope at the time to do ? Who was the pope at this time ? |
To issue a decree suppressing the Jesuits in every Catholic country in the new world
Pope clement XIV |
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What occurred because pope clement XIVissued a decree that suppressed the Jesuits in every catholic country in the world? |
Schools, churches, and missionaries were seized and priests were banished |
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What did the removal of the Jesuits do? |
Removed the church's greatest weapon in combatting the growth of the enlightenment |
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What did King Louis XVI ask the estates general? When did he ask them? |
In France in May 1789 did he ask them?
To help him raise taxes |
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What is the estates-general? |
The governing body of France llloo
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Who made up the estates-general |
Made up of deputies from the three "estates"
Clergy Nobles Common citizens |
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Who made up 98% of the French population What did they want it do a s a result |
Common citizens Wanted to change the voting rules so they could be counted counted individually |
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What happened when the king took no action? |
Deputies of the third estate renamed themselves |
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What did the deputies of the the estate rename name theirselves? When |
National Assembly June 17, 1789 |
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What was the National Assembly ? |
A unified assembly representing all the people of France and called for liberty, equality, and fraternity |
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Who else joined the National Assembly? What happened as a result? |
Many clergy and nobles
King reluctantly legalized the new assembly |
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By legalizing the National Assembly, what did the French King unknowingly begin? |
French Revolution |
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What did the National Assembly want? |
Wanted France to be a constitutional monarchy like England
Wanted to limit Church's power |
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What did the National Assembly do fulfill their wish of limiting the power of the church? |
Abolished taxes collected by church, took control of Church property, dissolved all monastic orders |
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What did the Civil Constitution of the Clergy decree in 1790? |
Decreed that the boundary of all dioceses were rearranged to match civil boundaries, bishops were appointed by the civil assemblies and not the pope, and parish priests were elected by civil assemblies and not appointed by the pope |
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Why did the King sign the civil constitution of the clergy ? |
To protect his life and his family |
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What happened to clergy who refused to take an oath upholding the civil constitution of the clergy? |
Would lose their positions and be prosecuted if they continued to live as priests |
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Who did the endangered clergy look to? What did he do? What happens as a result |
Looked to pope Pius VI
He was silent
Some bishops took oath, along with half of France's priests |
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When some clergy took the oath and some did not, what happened? |
The church was divided into one who was the puppet of the revolutionary government and the illegal one still loyal to the pope |
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What happens we pope Pius finally speaks out? (what does he say) When? |
Condemns the civil constitution of the clergy And Denounced National Assembly
1791 |
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How did the Assembly retaliate to what pope Pius VI said? |
By taking over papal territories and cutting of all relations with Rome
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What was the Catholic Church now considered as a result? What did they face |
Now considered enemy of the revolution
Faced persecution not known since the early Christians |
