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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Quran
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-Muslim holy book
-Jesus was a spirit of God and a messenger -Muslims don't worship Muhammad because he is not a God, only a prophet -five pilars of Islam |
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The Five Pilars
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-1)the belief in one God
-2)prayer 5 times a day -3)concern for the poor and needy -4)fasting during thr month of Ramadan -5)Make the pilgrimage to Mecca once in your life |
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Caliph
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-leader of an Islamic state
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Ulema
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a group of specialists who explain and inteprit Muslim Law
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Muftis
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-officials in the gov't
-job is to make sure laws of gov't don't violate Islamic teachings |
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Ayatollahs
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-term used for Religious leaders on Iran, Iraq, and Yemen
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Iranians
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-not Arab but Muslim
-descendants of Persians -speak Farsi -extremely proud of their History from the Persian Empire |
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Ahl al-dhimma
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- Non-muslims living in an Islamic state
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Israelis
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-most live in Israel
-most are Jewish -very supportive of eachother because of their history -religion,their struggle to keep their religion, and their identity inspired persecution has bounded them together -today it is the Hebrew Language , religious heritage, and devotion to their country -was founded in 1948 for a homeland for Jews -Native born Israels are Sabres |
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Millets
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- Non-Muslim communities during Ottoman Rule
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Palestinians
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-Arabs who don't want a Jweish state on their own lands
-many have become refugess throughout the conflicts -Goal is to create a fully independent Palestine |
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Waqt
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funds used for Charities in non-Muslim commmunites
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Armenians
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-Are an ethnic group
-many live in Armenia today, used to live in Ottoman Empire |
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Kurds
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-fourth longest ethnic group in Middle East
-over 20 million -lives on the border on Turkey and Iraq (called Kurkistan) -are not recognized as an independent state |
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The main religions out of the Middle East
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Judaism,Christianity,Islam
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Judaism
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-based on the first book of the Bible
-tells the story of the Hebrews -they obey nobody but God |
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Turks
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-descendents from the HiHites + Greeks
-Muslim not Arab -History is in Muslim Empire -speak Turkish -culture today is a blend of cultures |
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Christianity
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-based on the life and teachings of Jesus
-Jesus,born a Jew, thought of as a messiah to the Christians, but not to the Jews |
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Islam
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-preached by an Arab named Muhammad, raised in Mecca
-holy book is the Quran -believe in a power known as Allah |
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Similarities of Judaism,Christianity, and Islam
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-all started in the Middle East
-all are monotheistic -all have a sacred book -Muhammad has an important role |
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Beginnings of Islam
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-Muhammad started Islam
-Muhammad was a merchant and well respected person -Mecca is important to Islam because its where Muhammad saw the Angel Gabriel -Islam mostly spread in Medina |
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Turning point for Islam
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-when Muhammad left Mecca and went to Medina
-there he gained the most support -after forming an army he went back to Mecca and destroyed other Holy Symbols |
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Divine Relevation
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-process began with Adam and ended w/ Muhammad
-the ideas are similar amongst the three religions -According to the Quran, relevations were given to Jesus,Muhammad,David,Adam, and Abraham |
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ARABS
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-those that live within the Arabian Peninsula
-united by their language -3 things that bring them together 1)belief in Islam 2)Arabic Language 3)Arabic culture -live in Middle East and Africa |
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The view of Christians and Jews
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-Muhammad held Jews amd Christians to high regard
-"People of the book", because of old testament |
