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88 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Assimilate |
absorb one group into the culture of another |
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Elders |
Aboriginal men or women who are recognized, respected and consulted for their wisdom, experience, knowledge, background and insight; an elder is not necessarily one of the oldest people in the community |
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Indigenous |
refers to native, original, or earliest known inhabitants of a region |
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Shaman |
an aboriginal spiritual leader |
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ashkenazim |
central and eastern european jews and their descendants |
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covenant |
an agreement of mutual faithfulness, like a contract or alliance, between two parties; "i will be your God and you shall be my people"; the agreement binds the parties together with mutual privileges and obligations |
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diaspora |
the scattering of jews outside of israel in both ancient and modern times |
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halakhah |
"Laws" or "the path"; the oral tradition of judaism |
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holocaust |
the systematic killing of over 6 million jews before and during ww2 |
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messiah |
a word meaning "the annointed one"; the word "christ" comes from the greek word meaning the same thing |
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mitzvah |
religious or moral path that jews must follow; the plural from is "mitzot" |
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prayer of sanctification |
a prayer to make something sacred |
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revelation |
the act of showing, or revealing, something that is hidden |
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righteuos |
describes one who is just, or who is in a right relationship with God |
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secular jew |
an ethnic jew who is not religious |
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sephardim |
primarily spanish, portugese, and north african jews and their descendants |
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shabbat |
hebrew word meaning "sabbath" |
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shiva |
a 7 day period of mourning |
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shoah |
from the hebrew word for "catastrophe", "calamity", or, as it is usually translated, " holocaust" |
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talmud |
the compliation of written interpretation of the oral Torah (the halakhah); after the 2nd defeat of the Jews by the Romans in 135CE, the rabbis began to write down and interpret this oral Torah |
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tanakh |
hebrew word for the sacred writings of judaism; the word is formed from the first hebrew letter of the three parts of the jewish scriptures (what christians call the old testament); Torah, Neviim, ketucim |
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zionism |
a movement that began in the nineteenth century for the purpose of creating a jewish state in what is now modern israel; today, "zionism" refers to strong support for the state of israel |
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aposteles |
followers of jesus who were sent forth to bring the gospel to others; the 12 especially chosen from among the disciples by jesus |
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disciple |
literaly, a student; here it means a follower of jesus |
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ecumenical movement |
(also called ecumenism) the movement toward unity amonf the christian churches; "ecumenism" comes from the greek word meaning "the whole inhabited world' and reflects jesus's desire that his word be spread to the whole of the human race |
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evangelist |
a writer of a gospel of the new testament |
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icon |
a sacred image (in a painting or carving, for ex.) of christ and the saints used in devotion and other religious rituals |
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iconclasm |
the breaking of icons |
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orthodox |
word meaning "those who believe correctly" or "those who glorify God correctly"; orthodox christians' origins coincide with the origin of christianity |
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schism |
a seperation, but not a full break, of two churches on the basis of a dispute over beliefs or practises |
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speaking in tongues |
vocalizing a string of syllables in religious practice; in Greek , the term is glossolalia. which means literally "gift of tongues"; it is believes to be the fist of holy language from the holy spirit |
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allah |
arabic word for God; Muslims worship the same god as Christians and Jews, but some of the revelations are interpreted differently. The word "Allah" is a unique word because it is genderless. It is neither masculine or feminine |
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bedouin |
a nomadic or wandering tribes person of the Arabian, Syrian or north african deserts |
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eid al-fitr |
a celebration that takes palce at the end of ranmadan, which is a period of fasting and reflectionl the festival is often referred to as Eid |
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Jajj |
Arabic word meaning "pilgrimage"; the pilgrimage to mecca that muslims area sked to make at least once intheir lifetime, if they are healthy and can afford it |
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halal |
permissible; usually refers to foods that are allowed |
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hijab |
arabic word for "cover" a scarf that covers most or all of a woman's hair |
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hijra |
araibc word meaning "migration" |
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imam |
a muslim leader of prayer and giver of sermons in a mosque |
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khalifa |
the muslim duty of stewardship that lies at the heart of muslim ecological ethics; although khalifa refers to other areas of responsibility, it is used to make the point that certain destructive environmental actions, such as polluting water and wantonly killing animals, are forbidden |
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mosque |
a place where Muslims gather for group worship |
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muslim |
a believer in islam |
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nasheeds |
music that is traditionally sung a cappelaa accompanied only by the best of a large drum; nasheesds often consist of religious stories and recitations of the Qur'an in arabic |
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patriarchal socity |
society in which women are defined by their relationships to men (father, husband, uncle, brother, or son) |
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polytheists |
a beliver in more than one God |
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Shi'ite |
muslims who believe that leadership of the muslim community should be passed down through the direct descendants of the prophet; Shi'ites form the majority of the population in Iran and Iraq |
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sufi |
a muslim who uses mysticism to gain a special understanding of allah that goes beyond rational thought; sufis can be sunni or shi'ite |
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sunni |
muslims who believe that community leaders do not have to be desceded from the Prophet. The name Sunni comes from Sunna, which is a collection of the words, actions and practices of muhammad, as taken down and transmitted by his inner circle of family and friends. Sunnis make up the majority of the world's muslim population |
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umma |
the muslim community |
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zakat |
the muslim obligation of paying 2.5% of one's wealth to the needy |
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ahimsa |
the principle of non violence |
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ascetic |
someone who practices severe self-discipline or abstains from physical pleasure for religious purposes |
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atman |
the true self |
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avatar |
a deity who has descended into the world in earthly form |
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bhagavad gita |
a sacred hindu story about prince arjuna and krishna |
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brhaman |
the supreme cosmic force |
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caste |
a traditional hindu social level or class |
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deities |
images of the god in many forms |
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dharma |
one's personal code of conduct relating to family and society; one;s duty |
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guru |
wise teacher |
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karma |
the law of cause and effect, of one's ac having an impact on one;s future life |
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mandir |
a hindu temple |
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mantra |
sacred sounds, words or phrases, repeated in ritual |
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maya |
illusion |
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moksha |
freedom or liberation from samsara, or the cycle of rebirth |
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murti |
an image of a hindu deity |
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puja |
hindu worship ceremony |
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ramayana |
a hindu epic about prince rama and sita |
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samsara |
the law of birth, death and rebirth, or the process of reincarnation |
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sanskrit |
the language of ancient india |
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untouchables |
i the traditional hindu social levels, the lowest outsider class |
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upanishads |
sacred scriptures; the final diolagoues ending the vedas |
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vedas |
early scriptures of hinduism |
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yoga |
hindu path (or discipline) to liberation |
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ascetic |
someone who practices severe self- discipline or abstains from physical pleasures for religious purposes |
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the buddha |
the founder of buddhism, siddhartha gautama; teachers who fully understand the nature of mind and reality are also called buddhas |
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enlightenment |
a state of perfect happiness and understanding; unconditional compassion for all beings |
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karma |
the law of cause and effect, of one's actions having an impact on one's future life |
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mandala |
a visual object, usually in the form of a circle, that can be used as an aid for focusing in meditation |
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mantra |
a word or phrase that is chanted as an aid to meditation |
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merit |
the idea in buddhism that a person can be reborn in a form closer to enlightenment if he or she accumulates merit; wholesome deeds and intentions can add to a person's merit |
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nirvana |
the end of personal suffering and the experience of unchanging peace |
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samsara |
the law of rebirth, death, and rebirth, or the process of reincarnation |
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amrit |
ceremonial water used in sikh rituals |
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gurdwara |
sikh place of worship |
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guru |
a prophet and teacher |
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kirpan |
small sword or dagger |
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turban |
head covering worn by male sikhs |
