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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Ecumenical Councils
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Assemblies of bishops whose decisions are considered binding on the whole Church, most christian traditions recognize seven: Nicea(325) Constantinople(381), Ephesus(431), Chalcedon(451), Constantinople(553), Constantinople(680-81), and Nicea(787). The Roman Catholic Church recognizes an additional 14 councils as Ecumenical Councils.
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Dogma
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A doctrine or body of doctrines formally established and promulgated by the authority of an ecclesiastical body
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Iconoclasts
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In the iconoclastic controversy, “Icon Smashers”
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Iconodules
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In the iconoclastic controversy, “Icon Venerators”
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Deification
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In Eastern Orthodox mysticism, the belief that union with God involves a process of divination that brings an individual into a state of being like God.
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Hesychasm
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A form of Eastern mysticism that emphasizes inner quiet and repetitive prayer
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Decretals
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A Papal letter written in response to a specific question.
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Purgatory
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A state or place in the afterlife between heaven and hell where souls are cleansed of sins committed in life. Belief is limited almost entirely to Roman Catholicism.
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Plainsong
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The monophonic and unmeasured chant used in the early church, the most famous form of which is Gregorian Chant.
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Absolution
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The formal act in which a priest or bishop pronounces the forgiveness of sins
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Transubstantiation
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According to Roman Catholicism the miraculous process by which the bread and wines used in the eucharist became the body and blood of Christ
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Alms
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Money or goods given as charity to the poor
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Filioque
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A latin phrase added to the Nicene Creed in the west in the middle ages coming immediately after the words “The Holy Spirit”…who proceeds from the Father” it signifies the procession at the Holy Spirit from the father. The idea not included in the original Nicene Constantinoprian Creed has always been rejected by Christian Orthodox
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Parish
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An administrative district of the Church under the care of a priest of minister
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Anselm of Canterbury
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Archbishop of Canterbury and theologian
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Concordant of Worms
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An agreement in 1122 that ended the struggle over lay investiture between the papacy and German emperors
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Curia
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The papal court and its various functionaries
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Inquisiton
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A papal court responsible for the official persecution of Heresy
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Bull
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An official mandate issued by the pope. Its name comes form the early practice of sealing such documents with a seal made by the popes signet ring
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Unam Sanctum
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A papal issued by Boniface VIII in 1302 during a conflict with King Phillip the Fair of France. It affirmed that there is no salvation outside the church and that temporal authority is always subject to the spiritual power of the church
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Indulgence
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A remission of the temporal punishment for sin made possible by drawing on the surplus merits of Christ and the saints. Documents attesting that such remission had been granted become common in the late middle ages.
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Idealism
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In philosophy and theology, the theory that entities in the material realm are manifestations of their ideal forms, which exist in a realm of unchanging and eternal spiritual realities.
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Averroes
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Muslim philosopher and author of commentaries on Aristotle.
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Ontological Argument
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An argument for the existence of god formulated by Anselm of Canterbury. It states that the very idea of God as something greater than which nothing can be imagined proves God’s existence.
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Peter Abelard
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Philosopher and theologian, his sic et non(yes or no) marked an important step in the development of scholasticism
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Friars
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The title given to any of the "brothers" belonging to the mendicant orders, such as the Franciscans and Dominians, founded in the Middle Ages
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Treasurey of Merit
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according to the medieval theology a repository of surplus merits earned by Christ and the saints which might be distributed by the church for the spiritual benefit of others
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Electors
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Beginning in the fourteenth century, the three bishops(of Cologne, Trier, and Mainz) and four secular rulers(Brandenburg, Saxony, Palatinate, and Bohemia), who selected each new holy Roman Emperor.
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Archbishops
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A bishop of the highest rank who supervises other bishops and their dioceses which constitutes an arch diocese
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Minor Orders
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Lesser degrees of the ministry ( below bishop, priest, deacon).
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Holy Sepulchar
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A cave near Jerusalem where according to tradition, Jesus was buried and later raised from the raised from the dead.
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Pluralism
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The holding by one person of more than one church office of benefice at the same time
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Anticlericalism
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Opposition to the influence of the church or the clergy especially in political matters.
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Bonaventure
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Franciscan mystic and theologian best known for his Journey of the Mind
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Meister Eckhart
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German Mystic
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Devotio Moderna
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a spiritual revival the began in the Netherlands in the fourteenth century and spread to Germany, France, and Italy. Emphasizing prayer and good works it was composed mostly of men and women some of whom lived communally
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John Duns Scotus
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Philosopher, theologian and author of a commentary on the Sentences of Peter Lombard
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William of Ockham
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English scholastic theologian and proponent of nominalism
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Humanism
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A deep and applied faith in the essential goodness and potential human being; one of the primary characteristics of both Hellenism and Renaissance
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Desiderius Erasmus
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A renowned humanist and scholar
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Kenoticism
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The ideal of emptying oneself in humility and imitation of Christ
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Margery Kempe
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English Mystic and spiritual writer
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Aquinas
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“There is a twofold mode of truth in what we profess about God. Some truths about God exceed all the ability of the human reason. Such is the truth that God is triune. But there are some truths which the natural reason also is able to reach. Such are that God exists, that He is one, and the like.”
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Bernard of Clairveaux
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“If Jesus shall have said to me, “Thy sins are forgiven thee” (Matt. 9:2), what good is it, unless I cease from sinning? Long have I wallowed in the mire of vice; if I fall back therein, when once escaped, then I shall be in worse case than before. So what I need is this: that He Who moved my will to penitence should further give me power to persevere.”
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John of Damascus
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“It certainly happens frequently that at times when we do not have the Lord’s Passion in mind we may see the image of His crucifixion and, being thus reminded of His saving Passion, fall down and adore. But it is not the material we adore, but that which is represented; just as we do not adore the material of the Gospel or that of the cross, but that which they typify
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Bernard of Clairveaux
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“So this, then, is the way, the order we must follow. First we fall at the Lord’s feet and bewail to Him Who made us the wrong things we have done. Next, we seek His Hand to lift us up and strengthen our weak knees, that we may stand upright. And, when have won these two graces by many prayers and tears, we may at last, perhaps, dare to lift up our heads to that all-glorious Mouth, not only to behold it but to kiss.”
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Aquinas
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“Now, although the truth of the Christian faith . . . surpasses the capacity of the reason, nevertheless that truth that the human reason is naturally endowed to know cannot be opposed to the truth of the Christian faith.”
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John of Damascus
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“Rather, it was by composition – hypostatically, that is to say – without change or mingling or alteration or division or separation. And we confess one Person of the Son of God incarnate in two natures that remain perfect, and we declare that the Person of His divinity and His humanity is the same and confess that the two natures are preserved intact in Him after the union.”
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Aquinas
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“To know that God exists in a general and confused way is implanted in us by nature, inasmuch as God is man’s beatitude. For man naturally desires happiness, and what is naturally desired by man must be naturally known to him.”
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Julian of Norwich
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“We endure in this life by three things, by which three God is honored and we are furthered, protected, and saved. The first is the use of our reason. The second is the common teaching of the Holy Church. The third is the inward grace-giving operation of the Holy Spirit; and these three are all from one God. God is the foundation of our natural reason; and God is the teaching of Holy Church, and God is the Holy Spirit, and they are all different gifts, and God wants us to have great regard for them, and to accord ourselves to them.”
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Aquinas
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“Lastly, the Incarnation puts the finishing touch to the whole vast work envisaged by God. For man, who was the last to be created, returns by a sort of circulatory movement to his first beginning, being united by the work of the Incarnation to the very principle of all things.”
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Julian of Norwich
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“Thus, in our Father, God almighty, we have our being, and in our Mother of mercy we have our reforming and our restoring, in whom our parts were united and all made perfect man and through the rewards and the gifts of grace of the Holy Spirit we are fulfilled.”
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Catherine of Sienna
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“As the hart desires the spring of living water, so my soul desires to leave the prison of this dark body and see thee in truth. How long, O Eternal Trinity, fire and abyss of love, will they face be hidden from my eyes?”
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Aquinas
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“There are four things which are accounted to be necessary for the justification of the ungodly, viz., the infusion of grace, the movement of the free-will towards God by faith, the movement of the free-will towards sin, and the remission of sins.”
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