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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The Divided Kingdom
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(922-722 BCE) happens because Solomon dies, a separate government is established, northern tribes seceded
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Israel (Ephraim)
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largest of the 10 tribes is established there, larger kingdo
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Samaria was
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capital of the northern kingdom, Omri established this capital
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Judah was
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the smaller kingdom
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The Capitol of the divided kingdom was
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Jerusalem
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Prophets were individuals whom
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become extraordinarily important, come in to their own, exercise real power, definition: an intermediary between the divine and human worlds, means by which God communicates with the people, like a preacher, an intercessor with the divine, communication with 2 mortals as well, they function as a check on the king’s power, remind king that the king’s word is not final, the law is God’s and that the king is subject to the Torah
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Jezebel was
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Jezebel was very religious, she was devoted to the worship to a Canaanite God, believed that the Hebrews should pay homage to it, several hundred prophets follow Baal,
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Elijah was an individual
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Elijah, he led an underground worship for Yahweh because Jews were persecuted then, a contest is held between the prophets of Yahweh and the prophets of Baal, Elijah is later taken to Heaven in a chariot
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Contest refers to
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prophets of Baal will ask Baal to send lightning to light the altar and Elijah must do the same, contest occurs in Baal’s territory and Baal is also the god of storms and thunder, Baal prophits ask for lightning, nothing happens, Elijah begins to taunt the prophets of Baal, prophits commit suicide after taunts
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Baal is
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Jezebel’s Canaanite God, becomes the state religion of Israel
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Elisha was
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Elijah’s successor, he asks a general to get rid of Jezebel, the general leads a coup d’état and successfully gets rid of Jezebel, the general becomes the new king
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Assyria is
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the first world power in this part of the globe, come to power during the divided kingdom, really interested in taking Egypt, tries to attack Syria, Israel and Judah because they are in the way of Egypt, Syria, Israel, and Judah want form together to defeat Assyria, but king of Judah will not join the coalition
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Syro-Ephraimitic War- refers to
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Syria and the northern kingdom of Israel become allies and they attack Judah, their goal is to kill the king of Judah and put a king on the throne that will support them, the king of Judah, Judah asks Assyria for help, the war is between Syria and Israel against Judah and Assyria, in terms of survival, it works, Assyria goes to Syria’s capital and it falls,
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722: Fall of Samaria
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falls to the Assyrians, Assyria does not want to keep fighting Syria after already defeating them, so Assyrians put many of their people and deported them, 10 Lost Tribes of Israel- identity is lost forever, 12 tribes of Israel no longer exist, northern kingdom comes to an end and Judah survives because it entered an alliance with the Assyrians
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Manasseh was
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one king of Judah, reigned for more than 50 years, policy of collaboration, he thought it was in the best interest of Judah to collaborate with the Assyrians, the Hebrew Bible as the most evil king ever to reign, he crushed his opponents that we do not know the names of any prophets of Judah
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Josiah and the Deuteronomic Reformation refers to
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Manasseh’s successor, grand-son because his father died quickly, 8 years old so his advisors ruled for him, when he grows up, he renovates buildings in Judah, a scroll is discovered that will become the Torah, book of Deuteronomy, it was lost, he realizes that they have neglected the law so he launches a religious reformation, designed to make the laws of Deuteronomy the laws of the land of Judah
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Babylon was
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opponent of Assyrians, are attacking the Assyrians, conquers Assyria, utterly wipes them out, Judah does not gain freedom, only obtains a new landlord, Josiah’s religious reformation collapses and he is killed
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587 refers to
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Fall of Jerusalem- Babylonians destroy it and Solomon’s temple
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Exile refers to
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Babylonians deport the survivors of Judah and take them to Babylon, key event in the Judaic odyssey
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Judah Alone was from
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722-587)- have to pay homage to Assyria and pay taxes to Assyrians, Assyrians began to erect their statues in Judah
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The Exilic Period was from
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(587-539)
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Two Major Concerns of the Exilic Period Include
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Preservation of Pre-Exilic Traditions and Preservation and Perpetuation of Jewish Cultural and Religious Identity
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Preservation of Pre-Exilic Traditions refers to
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Formation of Scripture- collect what are oral traditions, Torah begins to from during this time; Scribes become important as interpreters of scripture
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Preservation and Perpetuation of Jewish Cultural and Religious Identity refers to
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strategy: they want to preserve their minority status within the land that they are living, people will become to despise them because of their differences. I
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Emphasis on Distinctive Features within the Preservation and Perpetuation of Jewish Cultural and Religious Identity refers to
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Sabbath- resting on the 7th day, not as distinctive
Circumsition- circumcised boys on their 8th day of life Dietary Restricitons- eat only certain kinds of things, very complicated, keeping kosher, Endogamy- marriage within the group, must marry other Jews |
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Anti-Judaism and Jewish Apologetics refers to
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picked up by non-Jews and was the basis of anti-Judaism, apologetics- arises to explain the practices to non-Jews, to defend themselves, occurred in Babylon
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The Sabbath came about because
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Jews were accused of being lazy so they told the non-Jews that they spend that time to read the Torah
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Endogamy refers to
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Jews were accused of being misanthropes, hating people who are not Jewish, so they try to contribute the society and the community
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Cyrus the Great was an individual who
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marches against Babylon and in 3 days, Babylon falls to him, presents himself as the Great Liberator, issues an order to allow Jews to return, this comprises the Restoration, return of Jews to the Holy Land, when given the opportunity to go home, most Jews living in Babylon opted not to do so, those who didn’t go back are known as the Diaspora
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