Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Parable
|
A short meaningful story used as a teaching device
|
|
|
Ramadan
|
The month when Muslims are required to fast
|
|
|
Islam
|
Verb meaning to surrender or submit to God's will
|
|
|
Allah
|
Arabic word for God
|
|
|
Asahara Shoko
|
Founder of AUM Shinrikyo
|
|
|
Koran, Hadith, Analogy, Consensus
|
The Shari'a or concept of the "right way" in Islam has these four sources
|
|
|
Shahadah (declaration of Faith and Trust)
Salat (Prayer) Zakat (alms-giving) Sawm (Fasting of Ramadan) Hajj (Pilgrimage to Mecca) |
Five Pillars of Islam
|
|
|
Profession of Faith
|
Shahadah
|
|
|
Prayer
|
Salat
|
|
|
Zakat
|
Alms-giving
|
|
|
Sawm
|
Fasting of Ramadan
|
|
|
Hajj
|
Pilgrimage to Mecca
Violence is forbidden Worshippers walk around the Ka'ba seven times (circumambulate) |
|
|
the last of the prophets to whom the Koran was revealed
|
Muhammad was:
|
|
|
There is an incarnation of Allah (Wallace Fard)
Elijah Muhammad is considered a messenger from Allah Admittance is based on race |
Nation of Islam
|
|
|
Rasul
|
A messenger who brings a written revelation from God
|
|
|
One who has performed Islam
|
Muslim
|
|
|
Hijra
|
Muhammad and followers emigrate to Medina, beginning of the Islamic community (umma) and the calendar
|
|
|
Umma
|
Islamic Community
|
|
|
Koran
the words of God revealed to the Prophet Muhammad recitation or reading |
The Scripture of Islam
|
|
|
Sunnah
|
The model of proper Muslim behavior, provided by the Prophet Muhammad.
Four sources of Islamic law |
|
|
Hadith
|
A report of what the Prophet Muhammad did, said, or allowed.
|
|
|
Shari'a
|
Concept of the right way in Islam
Morality of an action is not inherent, but determined by God Human beings should listen to God's revelation and obey |
|
|
Koran, Hadith, Analogy, Consensus
|
Four Sources of Shari'a
|
|
|
Analogy
|
A specific law can be applied to similar situations
e.g.: Date wine |
|
|
Consensus
|
One Hadith promises that God will not allow the whole community to be led astray
They therefore looked across the whole community to seek consensus |
|
|
Shahada
|
There is no god but god, and Muhammad is the messenger of God.
|
|
|
Required 5 times each day, towards Mecca
|
Salat
|
|
|
Muezzin
|
Individual who performs the call to prayer for Muslims
|
|
|
Mosque
|
Muslim house of Prayer
|
|
|
Imam
|
Sunni Islam - One who leads prayer
Shi'a Islam - heirs of Ali who are headed to the theocratic state |
|
|
Zakat
|
Almsgiving, Purification
|
|
|
Ramadan
|
Fasting form sunrise to sunset
|
|
|
Hajj
|
Pilgrimage to Mecca, last lunar month
|
|
|
Caliph
|
From the Arabic word of "successor"
Spread, protect, and unify the community of faith |
|
|
Jihad
Refers first to the internal struggle to submit to God's will in all aspects of one's life Refers second to external struggles with enemies of Islam The term is commonly mistranslated as "holy war" |
Means "struggle" or "strive"
|
|
|
Sunni
|
The predominant body of orthodox Muslims, who accept the legitimacy of the first four caliphs
The name derives from sunna, "tradition" |
|
|
Shi'ite or Shia
|
A branch of Islam that believes religious authority emanates from the family of Muhammad through his cousin Ali
Reject the first 3 caliphs as usurpers The name derives from Shi'a Ali, "Party of Ali" |
|
|
Mahdi
|
The messianic figure within Islam
Mahdi means “Rightly Guided One” Will come at the End Time with Jesus Both Sunni and Shi’a Muslims accept the concept Most Shi’a Muslims believe the Twelfth Imam (the last one) is the Mahdi |
|
|
Nation of Islam
|
An American form of Islam
|
|
|
Wallace Fard
|
Nation of Islam identified him as incarnation of Muhammad
|
|
|
An established religion of a nation or ethnic group
Completely integrated into the life of the nation or ethnic group |
Church
|
|
|
A religious group that has cut itself off from a church, usually as a reform movement
Some opposition to the morals and customs of the larger community |
Sect
|
|
|
A form of religion new to a nation or ethnic group, without ties to existing religious forms
Morals and customs are foreign to the host community |
Cult
|
|
|
Official Name: The International Society for Krishna Consciousness
|
ISKCON
|
|
|
A. K. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada (1896-1977)
|
Founder of ISKCON
|
|
|
Fundamentalist form of Bhakti devotion to Vishnu, especially Krishna
Rejects any manifestations other than Krishna and Rama Literalist understanding of the scriptures Central practice is chanting Hare Krishna mantra |
Beliefs and Practices of ISKCON
|
|
|
the belief by a religious, social, or political group or movement in a coming major transformation of society after which all things will be changed in a positive (or sometimes negative or ambiguous) direction.
|
Millenarianism
|
|
|
Branch Davidians; sect
|
Insider names: Davidian Seventh Day Adventists; Children of the Seven Seals
|
|
|
Victor Houteff
|
Founder of Branch Davidians
|
|
|
Ongoing revelation from God from living prophets
Millenarian expectation of end-time (Armageddon) Koresh as “sinful messiah” ”New Light” teaching, new house of David Torah observant No alcohol, caffein, tobacco or meat Emphasis on personal spiritual experience |
Belief of Branch Davidians
|
|
|
Heaven's Gate' cult
|
Insiders’ names: The Group, or the Class
|
|
|
Bo-- Marshall Herff Applewhite (d. 1997)
Peep-- BonniLu Nettles (d. 1975) |
Founders
|
|
|
Asahara Shoko
|
Founder of AUM Shinrikyo
|
|
|
Combines Hindu, Buddhist, Christian and New Age beliefs and practices
Began as a Yoga training group Anticipate Armageddon Originally believed could save the world or part of it and build a utopia |
Beliefs of AUM Shinrikyo
|
