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49 Cards in this Set
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Liberalism |
1. The state should be neutral towards competing conceptions of the good 2. The state should encourage the flourishing of the individual |
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Secularism |
an ideology that calls for the separation of religion and the state |
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State |
all institutions that are recognised as having authority to govern in a particular territory, including law and politics |
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Established Religion |
An ER has special links to a state: official state sanction, support • Religious leaders may have special role in governance • Privileged legal position |
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"Twin Tolerations" |
Stepan. NOT a complete seperation of state and religion. Religion and state must each have minimal institutional boundaries of freedom for democracy and religious freedom |
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"Principled Distance" |
Bhargava. NOT a complete seperation of state and religion. Religion and state may co-intervene for promotion of freedom, equality, peace and other values. |
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Law |
System of regulations created to govern conduct Created by an authoritative body Binding and enforceable |
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Theocracy |
A 'god governed' state A state in which there is no clear distinction between religious and civil authority |
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Subjective Religion |
Individuals' motivation. Personal sense of burden to act in ways deemed consistent with the exercise of one’s religion |
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Objective Religion |
Requirements of religious practice. Doctrinal, institution-based |
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Nation |
A cultural/anthropological, rather than political, concept. (Not necessarily a state) |
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Nationalism |
Aim for recognition of common 'nationhood' |
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Civil religion (definition) |
Incorporate beliefs, values, rites, ceremonies and symbols |
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Political religion |
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Democracy |
Government ‘by the people’; power is vested and exerciseddirectly by them (or by their elected agents) under a freeelectoral system
Does not require complete 'firewall' secularism. |
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Hindu aims of human life |
1. dharma - morality of things 2. artha - material accumulation, economical and political 3. kama - sensual pleasure 4. moksha - liberation |
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BJP |
Hindu political party Bharatiya Janata Party - politicalbranch |
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VHP |
Hindu political party
Vishva Hindu Parisad – religiousbranch, sadhus, gurus |
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RSS |
Hindu political party Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh –militant branch, youth training |
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brahmans |
1. priests, scholars, |
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kshatriyas |
2. rulers, royalty, warriors |
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vaishyas |
3. merchants, farmers, commerce |
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shudras |
4. servants |
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untouchables/dalits |
those that work with impure items e.g. 5. sweepers, barbers, leather workers |
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Hindu anti-conversion laws |
Indian law in some states making it illegal to convert from Hinduism to other religions |
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Abolitionist countries |
Opposed to death penalty |
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AHIMSA |
Hindu tradition for non-violence |
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The Torah |
Five Books of Moses - Judaism |
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Family Values politics |
Form of conservative politics. Emphasises preservation of nuclear family ideals Connection with Christian nationalism |
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Conservatism |
Pessimistic view of human nature Operates within broadly liberal spectrum Hierarchy Property ownership |
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The Religious Right |
Reject liberal secularist ideas Reject social morality |
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Islam |
A monotheistic Abrahamic religion |
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Sunni Islam Shari'a |
The Qur'an (revealed to Mohammed during 23 years) The Sunnah (the way Mohammed led the Muslim community) |
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Shi'a Islam Shari'a |
The Qur'an The Sunnah (the way Mohammed and the 12 imams practiced Islam) Jurisprudence (for contextualisation and interpretation) |
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Political religion |
Deliberate manipulation of religion to mobilise votes |
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Religious politicking |
The influence of religious bodies and their leaders on political decision making |
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Millenariasm |
Belief in a major and imminent transformationof society |
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Public reason |
General consensus of societal beliefs and ideas |
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Greater Jihad |
The internal struggle to become a better Muslim |
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Lesser Jihad |
The external struggle to combat those that endanger Muslim ideals e.g. War |
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Fusionism |
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Ummah |
Arabic word for "nation" or "community" |
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Sacrament |
Christian rite recognised with symbolic importace |
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Biblical covenant
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Promise between God and community
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Law covenant |
Solemn promise to refrain from certain action |
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Cult |
Religious group |
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dharma |
hindu moralities |
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artha |
hindu economical and/or political possessions |
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moksha |
hindu liberation |
