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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who was Jesus? 4th c. BCE to 30 CE
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*the messiah
*healer *was sent as God's son to die for everyone's sins *repaired the world with his sacrifice |
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Sin
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Failure to live in harmony with God
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Original Sin
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*human will has become corrupted
*Adam's disobedience brought death and sin |
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What did christianity develope?
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Christology
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Messiah
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in christianity it is jesus
"annointed" |
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Parable
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analogy
short allegory used to illustrate or teach some religious truth, prinicple, or moral lesson |
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Describe the Kingdom of God
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*people care about each other
*poor are looked after *religious rules do not over look human needs |
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Who was Paul?
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"apostle to the Gentiles"
*learned Jewish customs *initially persecuted christians *dramatic conversion *letters to churches became a book in the bible |
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Why and how did christianity separate from Judaism?
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*separated b/c of the 2nd temple destruciton
*councils helped with separation *could not make sacrifices, so created Christology |
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Effect of the 2nd temple destruction on christianity
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it separated from judaism
70 CE |
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4 Gospels
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"good news"
accounts of the life of jesus |
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Matthew's view of jesus
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for a jewish audience, new moses, fufillment of prophecy
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Luke's view of Jesus
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theme is universalism
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Christian rituals
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baptism
eucharist |
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What is Christology?
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*developed after the 2nd temple was destructed
*4 gospels *Jesus=sacrific *Destruction=God's punishment |
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Easter (pescha)
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celebrates the resurrection of Jesus
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Pentecost
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reception of the holy spirit
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Council of Jerusalem 48 CE
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There was an arguement of whether converts should have to be circumcized and follow the Torah
Conclusion was that Gentile did not have to convert |
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The New Testament
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*has 27 books
*includes letters, acts, and revelation |
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Who was Constantine?
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*legalized christianity in 313(Edict of Milan)
*made Sunday a legal holiday *sought to unify empire with religion *called the first ecumenical council |
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Asceticism
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practicing self-denial, self-mortification, abstinence, etc
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Concept of Trinity
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*ONE God
*gods activity in relation to humanity *"the sun is light and heat" |
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What is God in Christianity?
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The father, the son, and the holy spirit
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Holy Spirit
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The relationship between God and Jesus
Lives in the heart of all believers |
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Ecumenical Councils
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Nicea
Chalcedon Constantinople |
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Council of Nicea 325
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*1st Ecumencial council
*christ is fully god *father and the son were co-eternal |
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Council of Constantinople 381
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*trinity=monotheism
*2nd Ecumencial council *God is one of 3 persons: father, son, and holy spirit *persons are not beings |
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Council of Chalcedon 451
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*4th Ecumencial Council
*declared that christ was fully human and fully god |
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What are the 3 major branches of Christianity?
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Catholic
orthodox protestant |
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What were the two major schisms?
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orthodox and catholic
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Latin
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language of the catholic church
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Icons
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iconostasis
can be prayed to religious paintings shows how God rescues people |
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Benedict of Nursia
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most important western monastic movement
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Catholic Sacriments
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confirmation, confession, marriage, ordinaiton, extreme unction
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Reformation of Christianity
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Martin Luther
*1483-1546 *pope is not the judge *man must judge himself *printing press |
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John Calvin
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*human nature is basically sinful and irresistably drawn to evil
*god knows who will be saved and who will be damned *No pictures or organ music in church |
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Anglicans
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16c
England King Henry VIII (marriage) unites old and new practice church of england |
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Anabaptists
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switzerland
16c "baptize again" sign of innerconversion led ot mennonote/amish |
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Baptists
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17c
*england *followed anabaptist believe in inner conversion *baptism is for adults *personal judgement *freedom from government control |
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Society of friends
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*Quakers
*17c *England *founder=George fox *ardent pacifists *no clergy *no ritual *"peopel should quake at the word of God" |
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Pentecostals
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*focus on legitimate place of emotion in christian worship
*service includes speaking in tounges, crying, fainting, and other emotional responses |
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Fundamentalism
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Christian belief that the bible should be interpreted literally
has active support and reaches politics |
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Church Year
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Advent
Christmas Epiphany Holy Week Pentecost |
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Holy Week
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week before easter
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2 major schisms
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orthodox and catholic
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Differences between orthodox and catholic
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*diverse language/latin
*emperor has power/pope has power *pishops are equal/pope is above all *holy spirit is the source from which everything issues/proceeds from the father and the sone *Icons/no icons *priest can marry/celebate priests |
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Vatican Council II
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*Decentralized Church
*endorsed dialogue with other religions *consult with lay people *simplify decorations *reform liturgy * |
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Council of Trent at Italy 1545-1563
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*affirmed church tradition
*Authority of popes *7 sacriments *celebration of mass in latin *salvation by good works and faith |
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apocalypticism
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the belief that the world will soon come to an end; this belief usually includes the notion of a great battle, final judgement, and reward for the good
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Bible
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new testament and hebrew bible
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evangelist
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"Good news person"
one of the four authors of the gospels--matthew, mark, luke, and john |
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Lent
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"lengthening day" "spring"
the preparatory period before easter, lasting forty days |
