Rehs Wastewater Treatment And Disposal

Front 1

The traditional absorption field should be laid in trenches not more than ___ inches below the ground surface.

Back 1

24 inches.

Front 2

The distance between the field lines or tiles must be a minimum of ____ feet in a treatment absorption field arrangement.

Back 2

6 feet.

Front 3

Brine from water softening units as low as ___ may inhibit bacterial action in septic tanks.

Back 3

1.2 %

Front 4

The effectiveness of disinfection depends on:

Back 4

-The degree of treatment the sewerage has received.

-The amount of chlorine used, and the residual chlorine maintained.

-The mixing and retention period.

Front 5

- TRUE OR FALSE -

The usage of a serial distribution system is considered to have disadvantages over the use of distribution boxes

Back 5

False.

Front 6

The permeability of soil is directly related to the ___ of the soil.

Back 6

-Chemical composition.

-Color and texture.

-Granular structure.

Front 7

Why should sewage sludge not be used as soil builder or fertilizer supplement for crops for forage if it has not been properly tested?

Back 7

It may result in higher levels of toxic metals in the vegetation and in the animals eating the vegetation.

Front 8

The sand filter is used to:

Back 8

-Remove suspended solids from water.

-Remove bacteria from water.

Front 9

- TRUE OR FALSE -

The placement of the distribution box is not critical as long as it is water tight.

Back 9

False.

Front 10

Sludge and scum accumulation, and the appearance of particles of solids in the effluent from a septic tank is an indication of what?

Back 10

A septic tank in need of cleaning.

Front 11

Septage is best defined as:

Back 11

A mixture of sludge, scum, and gray water.

Front 12

- TRUE OR FALSE -

The depth of septic tanks and ratio of width to length recommended by most health departments are very similar.

Back 12

True.

Front 13

What is an example of an explosive component of sewer gas?

Back 13

Methane

Front 14

After the absorption field has failed, which of the following will NOT correct or repair the field?

-Reduce the amount of water used in the home.

-Increase the water pressure.

-Pump the septic tank.

-Use low-flow shower heads.

Back 14

Increase the water pressure.

Front 15

Man-made organic compounds that degrade very slowly are referred to as:

Back 15

Refractory organics.

Front 16

Which of the following soils would be most suitable for subsurface absorption of wastewater?

-A mottled brown and red soil.

-A blue soil.

-A grayish soil.

-A yellow, brown, or red soil.

Back 16

A yellow, brown, or red soil.

Front 17

The top of the absorption field gravel should be covered with:

Back 17

Permeable material.

Front 18

The exposure of excreta or sewage on the surface of the ground sets the stage for disease transmission by both direct contact or:

Back 18

-Indirect contact.

-Vector.

-Vehicle or fomite.

Front 19

A storm sewer is used to:

Back 19

Remove rain and other standing surface water.

Front 20

Bacteria that get their oxygen from the air are called:

Back 20

Aerobic bacteria.

Front 21

What is typically used at a residential sewage treatment system with a surface discharge?

Back 21

Sodium hypochlorite

-OR-

Calcium hypochlorite

Front 22

Sewer gas may contain:

Back 22

H2S, methane, carbon dioxide

Front 23

Disinfection of chlorination of sewage effluent is:

Back 23

An added safeguard to reduce the risk of disease transmission where the probability exists.

Front 24

What is the best assurance of satisfactory operation of a properly designed and constructed septic tank system?

Back 24

Proper maintenance.

Front 25

A young lake is considered to be:

Back 25

Oligotrophic.

Front 26

Low-pressure, vacuum and cluster systems may be used:

Back 26

-Where soil is unsuitable for septic-tank systems.

-In hilly areas.

-In high-density recreational areas.

Front 27

If a septic tank is pumped in a wet period:

Back 27

The tank may begin to float.

Front 28

What is the most common method of applying wastewater to land?

Back 28

Spray irrigation.

Front 29

Nutrients associated with eutrophication include:

Back 29

-Phosphates.

-Nitrogen.

-Organic Carbon.

Front 30

Chemical coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration remove:

Back 30

-Most bacteria.

-Most viruses and protozoa.

-Most helminths.

Front 31

Primary sedimentation can remove ___ found in soil, water, and wastewater.

Back 31

50-90% bacteria

30-50% ascaris

80% schistosomes

Front 32

The detention time for wastewater in a septic tank is recommended to be:

Back 32

24-72 hours.

Front 33

The most effective method discovered for running a percolation test is:

Back 33

To make at least 3 tests (preferably 6) for the average area being tested.

Front 34

Chemical coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, and filtration will remove nearly all bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and helminths if supplemented by:

Back 34

Chlorination.

Front 35

Each water quality class has a ___ standard established.

Back 35

Physical, chemical, biological

Front 36

Human disease from aerosols of wastewater:

Back 36

is related primarily to wastewater treatment by the activated sludge, trickling filter, and spray irrigation processes.

Front 37

Plants employing trickling filters, activated sludge, and spray irrigation present a possible health hazard to their employees due to:

Back 37

Inhalation of airborne microorganisms.

Front 38

Any excavation in clay, loam, silt or sand more than ___ in depth should have side wall protection to prevent a cave-in.

Back 38

4 feet.

Front 39

One of the most important factors contributing to disease transmission of microbiological agents is:

Back 39

Concentration or dose of microorganisms.

Front 40

Stream pollution is sometimes apparent by:

Back 40

A zone of degradation.

Front 41

A watertight tank designed to slow down the movement of raw sewage and wastes passing through to the soils is known as:

Back 41

Septic tank.

Front 42

Trickling filters can remove 90-95% of the ___ found in soil, water, and wastewater.

Back 42

-Bacteria.

-Viruses.

-Cholera vibrio.

Front 43

The NODAK system (original mound system) is designed to:

Back 43

Protect ground water.

Front 44

If the septic tank will have a garbage disposal unit feeding into it:

Back 44

The size of the tank should be increased 50%.

Front 45

A soil which is mottled brown and red would indicate:

Back 45

A tight soil probably due to a fluctuating water table or lack of aeration.

Front 46

Final disposal of sludge may include any of the following except:

-Composting.

-Sanitary landfill.

-Land application.

-Vegetable garden dumping.

Back 46

Vegetable garden dumping.

Front 47

By USEPA Standards, the pH of secondary treatment effluent shall be in the range of:

Back 47

6-9

Front 48

- TRUE OR FALSE -

The examination of road cuts, stream embankments, and/or building excavations provides only marginal information about soils due to oxidation.

Back 48

False.

Front 49

The use of a cesspool is prohibited due to:

Back 49

Greater potential for groundwater contamination.

Front 50

Which of the following are least important in reducing sewage to "soil", liquids, and gases?

Back 50

Anaerobic bacteria.

Front 51

The degree of eutrophication of a lake is indicated by:

Back 51

-The quantity of planktonic algae.

-Reduced water transparency.

-Dissolved oxygen in the water near the surface.

Front 52

- TRUE OR FALSE -

Yeast added to a new septic tank speeds up digestion by a factor of 2.7.

Back 52

False.

Front 53

The typical limitation of use of the septic tank absorption field system is due to:

Back 53

Soil type and size requirements.

Front 54

It is known that some common pathogenic organisms found in wastewater will survive more than ___ of harsh temperature extremes.

Back 54

2 years.

Front 55

Ozone disinfection has many advantages. Which of the following is NOT true?

-Ozone is non-toxic aquatic organisms.

-Ozone can be a source of dissolved oxygen.

-Ozone is a good viricide.

-Ozone is approximately equal in cost to chlorine.

Back 55

Ozone is approximately equal in cost to chlorine.

Front 56

Facultative bacteria can:

Back 56

Live under both aerobic and anaerobic condition.

Front 57

Which of the following is not true concerning sewage and disease hazards?

Back 57

Entamoeba histolytica, hepatitis virues, and giardia cysts are easily destroyed by normal chlorination of sewage.

Front 58

- TRUE OR FALSE -

The recommended maximum length of the system materials for a gravity flow absorption field is 75 feet.

Back 58

True.

Front 59

The volume of the dose from a properly sized dosing tank should be equal to:

Back 59

60% of the volume of the lines dosed.

Front 60

The septic tank functions as a:

Back 60

-Biological treatment system.

-Sedimentation tank.

-Conditioning tank.

Front 61

Excreta typically is defined as containing:

Back 61

2000 million fecal coliform, 450 million fecal streptococci, and 400 billion E. coli per 100-200 grams.

Front 62

A water leak no large than 1/8 inch in diameter can result in a loss of up to:

Back 62

400 gallons in 24 hours.

Front 63

Plants absorb certain constituents of wastewater; using wastewater for irrigation of consumable plant products may present a health hazard to humans if the water contains:

Back 63

Cadmium.

Front 64

What is loam composed of?

Back 64

-Sand.

-Gravel.

-Silt.

Front 65

Sewage treatment plants should be designed for:

Back 65

The population at least 10 years in the future.

Front 66

Sludge accumulation in a tank serving a normal home has been estimated at:

Back 66

18-21 gallons per person per year.

Front 67

What would cause septic-tank failure?

Back 67

-A lack of routine cleaning of the septic tank.

-Leaking plumbing fixtures.

-Improper design and construction of the absorption system.

Front 68

The field distribution piping should be surrounded with ___ and at least 2 inches deep under the pipe.

Back 68

Washed gravel, 3/4 inches-2.5 inches.

Front 69

The National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) prohibits the discharge of pollutants into U.S. waters unless a permit is issued by:

Back 69

EPA or the State.

Front 70

Loam is a mixture of gravel, sand, silt, and clay containing what?

Back 70

Decayed plant and animal matter.