Rehab Test 2

Front 1

what are some comon psychological aspects seen in people w strokes??

Back 1

anxiety (2)depression (3)agression (4)emotional liaility

Front 2

what is the most common pyshological aspect seen in people w stroke?

Back 2

depresssion

Front 3

what is the hospital experience like for people w stroke?

Back 3

increased fear and anxiety, sense of powerlessnad ....and dependence on staff

Front 4

what are some types of defense mechanisms can see in some w stroke?

Back 4

(1)denial (2)avoidance (3)regression (4)compensation (5)rationizaltion (6)diversion of feelings

Front 5

give an ex of people w strokes use the defense mechanism regression?

Back 5

one ehxibits increased depenedent behavior and incrased D

Front 6

indvls who are struggling w stroke revert to using those characteristiscs that have used in (1)

Back 6

past

Front 7

how can cultural affect stroke recvery?

Back 7

affects how one communicates, interacts, considers goals etc, (2)some may look at the health care as autho role while other are mistrustful

Front 8

T or F
anger in the younger pop was linked to increased risk for strokes

Back 8

true

Front 9

T or F
there exists a relatiosnhip twn high stress and strokes

Back 9

false

Front 10

how can depressin affect therapy?

Back 10

isolative behaviors, angry, (2)negatively affects recovery (3)I in ADLS

Front 11

what is a castrophic reaction?

Back 11

sudden onset of anxiety, hostiliy or crying

Front 12

what are ome psychartica cconditions assocaited w stroke? (list from order of most prevelent ot least)? (4)

Back 12

(1)poststroke depression0major and minor (2)apathy (3)generalized anxietyy disorder (4)emotional labiltiy (5)

Front 13

T or F
a person can develop szhiporena bc of a stroke

Back 13

false usually there before

Front 14

what is apathy?

Back 14

low motivation and energy

Front 15

NAME
this is refers to low motivation and energy

Back 15

apathy

Front 16

T or F
psychotic conditions are a rare consquence of stroke but they can occur

Back 16

true

Front 17

what are some common emotional reactions to strokes? (4)

Back 17

grieft (2)anger (3)guilt (4)fear

Front 18

what are the stages that a stroke surivior goes through? (4)

Back 18

(1)denial (2)grieving -mourns loss of function (3)development of optimal D-compensatory techinques develop (4)reintegration into community

Front 19

one of the most important contriubtors to any recovery process is (1)

Back 19

motivation

Front 20

what are (4)factors that affect motivation for people w strokes? (4)

Back 20

(1)locus of control (2)self-efficay (3)self-essteem (4)social support

Front 21

what is self-efficay?

Back 21

one's confidence in what one can do

Front 22

NAME
this is one's condfidencec in what one can do

Back 22

self-efficacy

Front 23

what is locus of control mean?

Back 23

deals w where one places the influence of one's future

internal-they can infleucen self-such as health
external-evironment infleunces

Front 24

(1) and (2) have been linked w mortality rates from stroke and severe depression

Back 24

personality traits and levels of stress

Front 25

(1)and (2)have been lnked to the increased ability to recover from stroke

Back 25

personality related to self-esteem and coping skills

Front 26

NAME
this has been linked w genererally w recovery from stroke

Back 26

depression

Front 27

what are some postive characteristics of coping? (4)

Back 27

(1)foccued on immediate problem (2)flexible optism (3)resourceful selecting strategies (4)conscious of emotiosn that can impair judgement

Front 28

what are some negative characteristics of coping? (6)

Back 28

(1)intolerant of others (2)excessive use of defenses such as denial or rationilization (3)impulsive judgements (4)rigid or inflexible (5)tendency pronconveived notions (6)passive

Front 29

what are some causes of CVA?

Back 29

lack of O2 to brain cuased by ischemic or hemorrhagic

Front 30

NAME
this type of stroke accounts for app 80% of all stroke

Back 30

ischemic

Front 31

what are ischemic strokes result from?

Back 31

usually emobilisms to the brain from caradic or arterial sources

Front 32

what are (2)main types of stroke? (2)

Back 32

(1)ischemic (2)hemorrhagic

Front 33

what are some causes of ischemic strokes?

Back 33

(1)MI (2)endocardiits (3)tumors

Front 34

what are some risk factors for ischemics strokes? (7)

Back 34

(1)hypertension (2)management of cardiac diseases (3)management of diabetes and glucose metabolism (4)cigarrate smoking (5)use of illegal drugs (6)lifestyle factors (7)excesive use of alcholol

Front 35

what TIA stand for?

Back 35

transient ischemic attacks

Front 36

NAME
this is seen as a sign of impending CVA

Back 36

TIA

Front 37

what are some ways to tel lif someone has a stroke?

Back 37

CT, MRI, PET< SPECT

Front 38

the outcome fo the CVA depends on the (1)

Back 38

artery supplying hte brain involved

Front 39

what are the effects of a CVA to the following arery of the brain
ACA

Back 39

LE more affected then arms

Front 40

what does ACA stand for?

Back 40

anterior cerebral arterty

Front 41

what does PCA stand for?

Back 41

posterior cerebral artery

Front 42

what do the medical management team try to prevent in stroke the first 30 days?

Back 42

develop of DVT or emboli

Front 43

what are some common conditions that people die or can complicate post stroke recoveryqq?

Back 43

(1)DVT (2)pulmonary emobli (3)pneumonia (4)cardaic disease

Front 44

when drs agree that the most crucial time for stroke recovery is?

Back 44

3 to 6 months after stroke

Front 45

when does the greatest recovery take plce for people w strokes?

Back 45

3 to 6 months

Front 46

what are some ways to make the client centered assessments?

Back 46

(1)more active role in goal making (2)all the ct to be the problem definer

Front 47

what approach should the ct use when eval a stroke victim?

Back 47

top-down approach

Front 48

what is the top-down approach principles?

Back 48

(1)inquiry about roles first (2)id tasks that define person (3)id any problems performing these tasks (4)

Front 49

what is a top down approach?

Back 49

focuses on dyfunction of the ct factors

Front 50

what are some prolblems that loss of trunk and postural control can lead to? (6)

Back 50

(1)dyfunction of the lower limb (2)increased risk for falls (3)impaired ability to interact w the environment (4)visual dyfunctio 2nd to resultant head and neck misalignemnt (5)sx of dyphagia sc to proximal malalignment (6)decreaed I ADLS

Front 51

what are some effects of stroke on the trunk? (5)

Back 51

(1)inability to precive midline (2)assumption of static postures that do no support engagement in functional activties (3)multidirection trunk weakness (4)inability to mvoe trunk segementally (5)inability to wieght shift

Front 52

NAME
this refers to boundaries of an area of space in which the body can maintain its postion w.out changing the base of support

Back 52

limits of stability

Front 53

how do people usually experience limits of stability w stroke? (2)

Back 53

(1)either think can go as far as can (2)think can do more then what tehy are able to do-these people are fall risk

Front 54

what are some treatment strategies to increase the clt ability to perform chosen tasks in seated position? (7)

Back 54

(1)establish neutral position-
(2)attempt reaching activties from the above postures (3)eastabilishing ability to maintain the trunk in midline using external cues (4)Maintain ROM by keeping in alignement (5)dynamic weight shiting activities to allow practive of wheight shifting (6)strengthening hte trunk mm (7)using compensatory strategies and environmental adapation when trunk control does not improve ex reachers and seat cushions

Front 55

what is one major problem that people w strokes have trouble w standing?

Back 55

cant weight shift/ dont want to bear weight on the affected leg

Front 56

what are some strategies that people use to support self w when standing? (3)

Back 56

(1)ankle strategies (2)hip strategies (3stepping strategies

Front 57

what are some treatment strategies to improve someone's standing balance w a stroke? (5)

Back 57

(1)establishing a symmetrical base and proper alignement to prepare to engage in occupations (2)establishing the ability to bear and shift weight through the more affected lower E (3)encouraging dynamic reaching activties in multiple environments (4)using the environment to grade tasks diffuclity (ex working infront of high counter tops, using one hand for support or walker) (5)training upright control w.in contextual context of the functional tasks graded (ex making bed, changing pet food bowl, setting a table)

Front 58

NAME HOW THE TRUNK RESPONDS AND WEIGHT SHIFT THAT OCCURS NORMALLY

striaght ahead at forehead level reaching arms length

Back 58

trunk ext (concentric)
anterior pelvict tilt
anterior weight shift

DO ON SELF

Front 59

NAME HOW THE TRUNK RESPONDS AND WEIGHT SHIFT THAT OCCURS NORMALLY
reaching for a item/touching floor btwn legs

Back 59

trunk flex-eccentric
anterior weight shift

Front 60

NAME HOW THE TRUNK RESPONDS AND WEIGHT SHIFT THAT OCCURS NORMALLY

reaching out at shoulder level, past's arms length (left side)

Back 60

left trunk shortening
right trunk elgonation
left hip hiking
weight shift to right

Front 61

NAME HOW THE TRUNK RESPONDS AND WEIGHT SHIFT THAT OCCURS NORMALLY

reaching towards floor below right hip

(Bending to your right)

Back 61

eccentric contraction of the L lateral flexors

right trunk shortening
left trunk elgonation
weight shift to the right

Front 62

NAME HOW THE TRUNK RESPONDS AND WEIGHT SHIFT THAT OCCURS NORMALLY

reaching behind right shoulder to get something behind you

Back 62

trunk ext and rotation (right side posteriorly)
weight shift to the right

Front 63

NAME HOW THE TRUNK RESPONDS AND WEIGHT SHIFT THAT OCCURS NORMALLY

at shoulder level, reaching across chest to left to left shoulder

Back 63

trunk ext and rotation a

weight shift to left

Front 64

what is aphasia?

Back 64

language diorder that can affect aud comprehnsion, oral expression, written expression, and the ability to interpret gestures

Front 65

NAME
this includesl anguage diorder that can affect aud comprehnsion, oral expression, written expression, and the ability to interpret gestures

Back 65

aphasia

Front 66

what is anomic aphasia?

Back 66

have diffuc retrieving words

Front 67

NAME
people w this have diffuclity retrieving words

Back 67

anomic aphasia

Front 68

what is dysarthria?

Back 68

trouble w articatliing the words

Front 69

NAME
thhis refers to trouble w articulating the words

Back 69

dyarthria

Front 70

NAME
this defined as a functional impairment of an indvl mainfested as a defective skill performance rsulting from a neurolgic process suchas affect, body scheme, etc

Back 70

neuroehavioral deficit

Front 71

what is one thing that can help people strokes w neurobehavioral/cogintive perceputal impairments?

Back 71

transfer to learnign from one context to the next

Front 72

task-brushing teeth

what are some ways you could work on spatial relations and spatial positioning?

Back 72

positoning of toothpaste and toothpaste applying

Front 73

task-brushing teeth

what are some ways you could work on
spatial neglect

Back 73

visual search for supplies
use facet on affect hemisphere

Front 74

task-brushing teeth

what are some ways you could work on
body negelect

Back 74

brushing hte affeected side of mouth

Front 75

task-brushing teeth

what are some ways you could work on
motor apraxia

Back 75

manipulation of the toothbrush
sequeezing toothpase

Front 76

task-brushing teeth

what are some ways you could work on
idetaional aprxia

Back 76

approp use of objects

Front 77

task-brushing teeth

what are some ways you could work on
attention

Back 77

attent to task (grade ex increase diffuciltiy ex flushing of tiolet and conservation overtime)

Front 78

task-brushing teeth

what are some ways you could work on
firgue ground

Back 78

distinguishing toothpaste from toothbrush from sink

Front 79

task-brushing teeth

what are some ways you could work on
problem solving

Back 79

find supplies

Front 80

meal prep

what are some ways you could work on
spatial neglect

Back 80

place ingreident in both fields
choose a task that requires use of both burners (left vs right)

Front 81

task-meal prep
what are some ways you could work on
spatial dysfunction

Back 81

place items that require clt to pour ingredients

Front 82

task-meal prep
what are some ways you could work on
firgue grond

Back 82

place neccary utenisils in cluttered drause utensils that match the color of the table clothwers

Front 83

task-meal prep
what are some ways you could work on
motor apraxia

Back 83

ex whipping eggs, batter etc /stiring

Front 84

NAME POSSIBLE IMPAIRMENT
diffucility adjusting grasp on razor or toothbrush

Back 84

motor apraxa

Front 85

NAME POSSIBLE IMPAIRMENT
using a comb to brush teeth

Back 85

ideatinal apraxia

Front 86

NAME POSSIBLE IMPAIRMENT
repetitive brushing of one side of moth

Back 86

pre-motor preservation

Front 87

NAME POSSIBLE IMPAIRMENT
overestimating or underestimating distance of glass resulting in knocking over

Back 87

spatial relations

Front 88

NAME POSSIBLE IMPAIRMENT
not eating food on left side

Back 88

spatial neglect

Front 89

NAME POSSIBLE IMPAIRMENT
"forgetting" that glass of ornange juice is hand

Back 89

body neglect

Front 90

what are some ways to use UE during functional perofrmance?

Back 90

wieght bear (2)moving objects accorss surface w static grasp (3)reach and manipulation (4)

Front 91

what are some complications to the UE after stroke?

Back 91

(1)subluxation- (2)abnormal skeletal mm activity-low tone stage folllowed by increased spasicity

Front 92

why does sublxation occur after stroke?

Back 92

malalignment of the scapula and trunk

Front 93

what are some way to prevent subluzation of shoulder after stroke?

Back 93

support shoulder in bed (2)maintain alignemnt in w/c bed etc

Front 94

what are some ways to prevent pain syndromes and contractures for people w strokes? (4)

Back 94

(1)protection of unstable joints-during low tone stage-wrist is unstable-should provide support, dont pull on affected arm, avoid over head activties ot prevent impingement (2)maintaining soft tissue legnth-prevent contratures by PROM and good positioning (3)soft tissue elongation-if soft tissue shortening and legnth associated change have occured-treatment choice is low load prolonged stretch.....ex splints, casting and positioning programs (4)client management-teach clt to manage UE

Front 95

what are some things that you can have the ct do to learn how to mangement UE? (3)

Back 95

(1)weight bearing on extended arm (2) have them rock the baby (3)support wrist during functional activties

Front 96

T or F
a clt post-stroke should be allowed to do activties overhead

Back 96

false increased risk for impingement syndrome

Front 97

what are some common impairments in the trunk following CVA? (8)

Back 97

(1)dysfunction in the UE and LE ctontrol (2)increased risk for falls (3)potential for spinal deformity and/or contracture (4)impaired ability to interact w the environment (5)visual dysfuntion resulting from head/neck malignment (6)sx of dysphagia due to proximal misalignment (7)decreased I in ADLs (8)decreased sitting and standing tolerance and baalnce and function

Front 98

T or F
Following CVA, trunk mm strength is imapired only in one direction

Back 98

false-multidirectional

Front 99

what side of the brain plays a greater role in controlling complex arm-trunk movements

Back 99

left

Front 100

the left hemisphere plays a greater role in (1)

Back 100

controlling complex arm-trunk movements

Front 101

the (1)hemisphere plays a greater role in controlling complex arm-trunk movements

Back 101

left

Front 102

there is a correlation btwn (1) and strength of lateral trunk flexors

Back 102

sitting balance

Front 103

there is a correlation btwn sitting balance and the strength of (1)

Back 103

lateral trunk flexors

Front 104

what mm have been correlated to affect sitting balance?

Back 104

lateral trunk flexors

Front 105

T or F
the right side of the brain plays more a role then left in controling comple arm-trunk movements

Back 105

left

Front 106

what are the (3)degrees of freedom in the trunk?

Back 106

(1)flex/ext (2)right and left lateral flex (3)axial rotation

Front 107

Every pelvic movement (anterior/posterior tilt) is accompanied by a (1)

Back 107

realignement of the spine-predominatly in the L spine

Front 108

every (1)movement is accompanied by realignment of the spine-pre-dominately the L spine

Back 108

pelvic (anterior/posterior tilts)

Front 109

what are some ex of pelvic movements?

Back 109

anterior/posterior tile

Front 110

everytime someone goes into anterior/posterior tilt, what must happen ?

Back 110

the spine must realign sp at the L region

Front 111

T or F
the rectus abdomins can function when the orgin and insertation are approximated such as when exaggereted T kyphsosis

Back 111

false

Front 112

when can the rectus abdominis not function?

Back 112

when the orgin and insertation are approximated such as when exaggerated T kyphosis

Front 113

what mm assists w hip hiking active during lateral trunk flexion?

Back 113

quadratus lumborum--

Front 114

NAME
this mm assists w hip hiking and is active during lateral trunk flexion

Back 114

quadratus lumborum

Front 115

what does the quadratus lumborum do?

Back 115

assists w hip hiking and is active during lateral flexion

Front 116

when you rotate to the left? what mm are working?

hint (obliques)

Back 116

right External obliques contract w left internal obliques

Front 117

what mm contract when your rotate to the left?

Back 117

left external obliques contract while the right internal obliques contract

Front 118

what are concentric contractions?

Back 118

are when the mm are shortening such as when doing a biceps curl w a weight

Front 119

NAME
this is when mm are shortening

Back 119

concentric contractions

Front 120

what are eccentric contractions?

Back 120

when mm are lengthening

Front 121

NAME
this is when mm are lengthening

Back 121

eccentric contractions

Front 122

what is the differ btwn concentric and eccentric contractions?

Back 122

(1)concentric-when mm are shortening (2)eccentric-when mm are elongating

Front 123

what mm are used to resume an upright position when reaching down to get something off the floor?

Back 123

coccentric contraction of the back ext

Front 124

T or F
when bridging, you are using a concentric contraction of your back ext

Back 124

false

Front 125

what are some common malalignemnts for peopel w CVA? (7)

Back 125

(1)posterior pelvic tilt (2)pevlic obliquity charcterized by unequal weight bearing (3)loss of lumbar curve (spine flexed) (4)increased kyphosis (5)lateral spine flexion (6)rib cage rotation (7)head/neck malalignment (head rotates away from the invlved side but laterally flexes towards the invlved side

Front 126

demonsrtate how the head/neck malignment is following CVA?

Back 126

(1)head rotates away from the inolved side but lateraly flexed towards the involved side

Front 127

T or F
people w CVA are normal in anterior tilt

Back 127

false

Front 128

people w CVA are normaly in (1)tilt

Back 128

posterior

Front 129

what are some causes of malignment in people w CVA? (of the spine and trunk) (4)

Back 129

(1)unilateral weakness (2)unbalanced mm activity (3)perceputal dysfunction in ailtiy to percieve midline (4)soft tissue shortening

Front 130

following a stroke, malignment can cause what sort of problems? (3)

Back 130

(1)soft tissue shortening (2)loss of ROM (3)inability to generate force to contract the mm group in question

Front 131

what is dissociation?

Back 131

is when the body parts move was one....one part of the body does not follow the otehr

Front 132

NAME
this is when the body parts move as one and one part of the body does not follow the other

Back 132

dissociation

Front 133

eccentric contraction usually are (1) except for (2)

Back 133

(1)move w g (going against)

Front 134

concentric contraction usually move (1)except for (2)

Back 134

(1)move opposite of g (2)bridging

Front 135

eccentric contraction usually are (1)while concentric contractiosn are (2)

Back 135

(1)w g (2)opposite of g

Front 136

NAME
this is neccasary for normal control of any body part

Back 136

dissociation

Front 137

give ex of dissociation? (2)

Back 137

upper trunk rotation w LE staibiltiy while reaching for the tiolet paper (2)U trunk rotation w Lower trunk lateral flexion w reaching across body for phone that is out of reach

Front 138

exs of this include
upper trunk rotation w LE staibiltiy while reaching for the tiolet paper

Back 138

dissociation

Front 139

an ex of this includes
(2)U trunk rotation w Lower trunk lateral flexion w reaching across body for phone that is out of reach

Back 139

disociation

Front 140

what may causes some problems w dissociation? (3)

Back 140

soft tissue tightness, (2)bony contractures (3)or efforts by patient to decrease degrees of freedom in trunk during functional activties

Front 141

lack of dissociation can result in problems w (1)

Back 141

motor adaption-they become fixed in steroptypical patterns of mvoement and lack flexibitiy (2)cant respond to external pertubances such as being bumped, car swerving

Front 142

NAME
a lack of this can result in problems w motor adaptation -they become fixed in sterotypical patterns of movement and lack flexibility and cannot respond to external pertubances such as car swerving or being bumped

Back 142

dissociation

Front 143

what are some problems that can occur bc of lack of dissociation? (2)

Back 143

motor adaption-they become fixed in steroptypical patterns of mvoement and lack flexibitiy (2)cant respond to external pertubances such as being bumped, car swerving

Front 144

anticipatory postural controls relays heavily on (1)

Back 144

previous experience and learning

Front 145

NAME
these are bourandries of an area in which the body can maintain its position w/out changing the BoS

Back 145

stabiltiy limits

Front 146

what are stabiltiy limits?

Back 146

are bouandaries of an area in which the body can maintain its position w/out changing the BoS

Front 147

what are some the ways that CVA affects a person's stability limits? (2)

Back 147

(1)percieved limits are less then actual limits-hesisant to try certain movements (2)percieved limits are greater then actual limits-fall risk

Front 148

what are some tests for trunk control? (4)

Back 148

(1)trunk control test (2)postural assesment scale for poststroke pt (3)motor assessment scale (4)fugl-Myer Assessment

Front 149

what are some reasons why patients go into posterior pelvic tilt? (3)

Back 149

(1)weakness and lack of activity of trunk ext (2)flixed or tight contracture of the hamstrings (3)abdomanal weakness

Front 150

what happens to the abdominal mm when a stroke patient is posterior pelvic tilt?

Back 150

pelvic tilt changes the center of g and decreased the potiential to fall backward (2)normal abdominal mm responsible for backward sway-assuming a flex posture reduces the need to activate the abdominals

Front 151

why does the persons' trunk shorten on the affected side? (5)

Back 151

(1)inactive shoulder elevators on affected side (2)increased mm activity of scapula depressors resulting shoulder being pulled down on affected side (3)perceputal problems cant find midline-resulting in weightbearing on stronger side and shortening of affected side (4)increased mm activity or shortening of affected lateral flexors resulting in a shortening response (5)fear of shifting weight on affected side

Front 152

what do you need for functional reach patterns?

Back 152

proximal stabiltiy

Front 153

(1)require trunk reponses to provide proximal stabiltiy

Back 153

functional reach patterns

Front 154

functional reach pattern require trunk responses to (1)

Back 154

provide proximal trunk stabiltiy

Front 155

what is NUMBER One thing you can do ehnance trunk control for someone w stroke?

Back 155

seated position of readiniss for function

Front 156

what is the seated position of readiness for someone w a stroke or typical person?(8)

Back 156

(1)Pelvis in a neutral to anterior tilt (2)equal weight bearing on both sides (3)trunk erect and midline appropriate spinal curves (4)shoulder symmetrical and over hips (5)head/neck neutral (6)hips slightly above the level of the knees (7)knees in line w hips (8)feet equally weight bearing and underneath knees

Front 157

what is typical posture for people wCVA?

Back 157

slumped posture

w trunk flexion
posterior pelvic tilt
requires min skeletal mm activity

Front 158

NAME
the typical posture for someone w this is a slumped posture w trunk flex, posterior pelvic tilt, and requires min skeletal mm activity

Back 158

CVA

Front 159

how should the knees be positioning in sitting and what are the benefits of this?

Back 159

knee flex (feet under chair)-increased mm activity of hte trunk

Front 160

knee (1)results in decreased mm activity in trunk

Back 160

ext

Front 161

knee flex results in (1)

Back 161

increased mm activity in trunk

Front 162

knee flex result in (1)while knee ext results in (2)

Back 162

(1)increased mm activity in trunk (2)knee-ext- decreased mm activity in the trunk and posterior pelvic tilt and trunk flex enhanced (bad)

Front 163

what is the pusher syndrome?

Back 163

when the pt pushes heavily towards the hemiplegic side in all position and resists any attempt at passive correction (not WB)

Front 164

T or F
when someoene has pusher syndrome you should correct through hands on approach

Back 164

false

Front 165

NAME
this is when the pt pushes heavily towards the hemiplegic side in all posiitons nad resists any attempt at passive correction

Back 165

pusher syndrome

Front 166

T or F
there is evidence to support the use of moveable surface in helping improve balance

Back 166

false

Front 167

research adovates using (1)to improve balance

Back 167

task-specfic training

Front 168

T or F
reasearch support the use of handling techniques to "feel" desired movement in stroke pts

Back 168

false

Front 169

does research support the use of handling techniques to "feel" desired movement in stroke pts

Back 169

no

Front 170

does research suppor thte use of moveable surfaces such as balls to improve balance?

Back 170

no

Front 171

what are (3)sources that balance comes from?

Back 171

(1)somatosensory info-mm input from your joints (2)vision (3)vestibular system

Front 172

NAME
this comes from three sources--mm input from your joints, vision, and vesitbular system

Back 172

balance

Front 173

the abiltiy to maintain balance is specfic to and modifed around the constraints of the (1)

Back 173

environment and task

Front 174

T or F
the vestinular system only plays a minor role in vision

Back 174

true but depends on g

Front 175

T or F
pts w diabetic neuropathy will relay on more of their vision for balance

Back 175

true

Front 176

the ability to maintain equilbirum depends not only on the accurate eval and sue of the sesnory info but also on the implementation of (1)

Back 176

effective movement strategies

Front 177

T or F
the abiltiy to maintain equilibirum is soley depends on the accurate eval and sue of the sensory info

Back 177

false also depends on movements strategies

Front 178

what are some movements strategies for equilbrium? (3)

Back 178

(1)ankle (2)hip (3)stepping strategy

Front 179

what are some ankle strategies?

Back 179

(1)used to maintain the Center of Mass when the movement is centered around the ankles...ist most effective when the when the surface is firm and long in relation to the foot length

Front 180

NAME
this is used to maintain the Center of Mass when the movement is centered around the ankles

Back 180

ankle strategies

Front 181

what are hip strategy?

Back 181

hip movement that maintains or restores equilibrium....most effective when the support surface is short in relation to the foot length

Front 182

NAME
this is hip movement that maintains or restores equilbrium

Back 182

hip strategy

Front 183

what is stepping strategies?

Back 183

used when ankle and hip strategies are ineffective

Front 184

NAME
this is used when ankle and hip strategies are ineffective

Back 184

stepping strategies

Front 185

NAME
ex of this strategy standing in line

Back 185

ankle strategies

Front 186

give ex of ankle strategies ?

Back 186

standing in line

Front 187

when reaching down to wash your feet/ what mm are contracting?

Back 187

back ext eccentrically-actively elongae when moving in the direction of gravity

Front 188

when reaching down, and holding that position, what mm are contracting?

Back 188

isometric contraction to hold the person of back ext

Front 189

what mm control the speed of trunk moveemnt as you bend down to touch the floor seated?

Back 189

eccentric contractio nof back ext

Front 190

you are reaching down to the floor to pick up a peice of paper. if this did not occur you would be on the floor

Back 190

isometric cont of back ext

Front 191

what is necessary for the ankle strategy to be effective?

Back 191

knee and hip and trunk stabiltiy

Front 192

when are ankle strategies most effective?

Back 192

when the surface is firm and long in relation to the foot length

Front 193

when are hip strategies most affective?

Back 193

when the support surface is short in relation to the foot length

Front 194

describe what ankle strategies looks like?

Back 194

(to see close eyes and try to stand w ankles close together)

small swaying movements
greatest degree of movement will occur anteriorly

Front 195

when are hip strategies used? ()3)

Back 195

control large or rapid swaying motions or when the ankle is an inaffective strategy or (2)the Centero f mass approaches the outer limits of the BoS (3)when we bend our knees to and hips to allow center of mass to remain over LE as a BoS

Front 196

why can the hip strategies be more affective then ankle strategies?

Back 196

(1)ankle-limited abiltiy to rapidaly or genertae torque) (2)hip-it can generate greater speed and range

Front 197

NAME
this precedes and decreases CoM movement

Back 197

anticipatory control

Front 198

what does anticipatory control relay on/what is it?

Back 198

(1)previous experience.exposure to deteremin the approriate sequences and degree of mm activity required to maintain stabiltiy

Front 199

Anticipatory activties precede (1)

Back 199

destabilization

Front 200

why do some stroke patients mispercieve the needed amount of mm activity they may need to due something (ex to much or to little correction)

Back 200

c anticipatory control precedes destabilziation

Front 201

when the pt is doing a functional activity, what should you be observing (in regards to balance)? (10)

Back 201

how they
(1)move their CoM of BoS (2)move their head (3)stand on uneven surfaces (4)function in low lighting (5)move from one type of surface to another (6)postural alignment-is it assymetrical (7)limtis of stability (8)width btwn their feet during functional tasks (9)wether or not they use a "stretegy" when they loose their balance and is so which one (10)intially just observe them

Front 202

what are some treatments for poor balance?

Back 202

(1)remediation, compensation or both

Front 203

what is bad about walkers in peopel w strokes?

Back 203

removes need to shift weight to bad side

Front 204

what are some balance assessments?(3)

Back 204

(1)functioanl reach test (2)tinetti test (3)Berg Balance test

Front 205

what is the functional reach test?

Back 205

measures only one functional task in a anterior direction

Front 206

what is the Tinetti test?

Back 206

assesses balance and gait

Front 207

what is the Berg Balance scale?

Back 207

is time consuming...looks at unsupported sitting and standing, transfers, reaching foward, picking up objects off the floor, turning 360 degrees, and standing on one foot

Front 208

when does the normal gait cylce begin and end? (2)

Back 208

(1)begins-when the heel of one foot touches the ground (2)ends-after the same leg and have advanced through and the heel of the same foot hits the ground

Front 209

what is stride length of each leg?

Back 209

the distance from the place where the heel touches the ground the first time until it touches it agagin

Front 210

NAME
this is the distance from the palce where the heel touches the ground and the first time until it touches it again

Back 210

stride length of each leg

Front 211

what is stride time?

Back 211

the amount of time it takes to complete the stride length

Front 212

nAME
this is the amount of time it takes to complete the stride length

Back 212

stride time

Front 213

what are the (2)phases of a normal gait cycle?

Back 213

(1)stance phase (2)swing phase

Front 214

what is the stride phase?

Back 214

when the leg is in contract w the ground -60% of cycle

Front 215

NAME
this is when the leg is contact w the ground-60% of cycvle

Back 215

stride phase

Front 216

what is the swing phase?

Back 216

when the same leg is off the ground (40% of cycle)

Front 217

NAME
this is when the same leg is off the ground (40% of the cycle)

Back 217

swing phase

Front 218

what is double support?

Back 218

is at the begining of the stance phase of one leg, the otehr leg is at the other end of the stance phase

Front 219

NAME
this is at the begining of the stance phase of one leg, the otehr leg is at the other end of the stance phase

Back 219

double support

Front 220

what is the step length?

Back 220

distance from one heel strike to one leg to the heel strike of the otehr

Front 221

nAME
this is the distance from one heel strike to one leg to the heel strike of other

Back 221

step length

Front 222

what is the step time?

Back 222

how long from the time the heel of one leg touches the ground the until the other leg touches the ground

Front 223

NAME
this is how long from the time the heel of one leg touches the ground the until the other leg touches the ground

Back 223

step time

Front 224

what is cadence?

Back 224

is the number of steps or strides in a unit of time

Front 225

NAME
this is the number of steps or strides in a unit of time

Back 225

cadence

Front 226

how do you determine a persons V for walking?

Back 226

the distance walked dividided by time

Front 227

how fast did the person walk. if Bob walked 100 feet in 2 min the

Back 227

50 feet per min

v=d/t

Front 228

what are some common gait abnormal patterns? (4)

Back 228

(1)decreased ankle dorsiflexion (2)knee hyperextension (3)decreased hip flex (4)pelvic retraction

Front 229

what is a AFO?

Back 229

is a short leg brace

Front 230

NAME
this refers to a short leg brace

Back 230

AFO

Front 231

what is a KAFO?

Back 231

long leg brace

Front 232

NAME
this is a long leg brace

Back 232

KAFO

Front 233

what is thediffer btwn AFO and KAFO?

Back 233

(1)AFO-short (2)KAFO_long leg brace

Front 234

what does AFO stand for?

Back 234

ankle foot orthoses

Front 235

what does KAFO stand for?

Back 235

knee ankle foot orthoses

Front 236

what are (4)types of AFOs?

Back 236

(1)stabilizing (2)functional (assistive (3)corrective (4)protective

Front 237

compare and contrast the differ types of AFOs

Back 237

(1)stabilizing-prevents unwanted mvoeemnts at the ankle or knee (2)functional (assistive)-helps to compensate for lost mm strength by assisting w movement (3)corrective-used to correct or realign parts of the limb (used in children not adults)
(4)protective-protects a limb from weight bearing

Front 238

what is a stablizing AFO?

Back 238

prevent unwanted movements at the ankle or knee

Front 239

nAME
this type of AFO prevents unwatned moveemnts at the nakle or knee

Back 239

stabilizing AFO

Front 240

what is the functional AFO?

Back 240

is used to compensate for lost mm strength by assisting movement

Front 241

NAME
this type of AFO is used to compensate for lost mm strength by assisting movement

Back 241

functional AFO

Front 242

what is the corrective AFO?

Back 242

used to correct or realign parst of limb only used in children not adults

Front 243

NAME
this type of AFO is used to correct or realign parts of hte limb only used in children not adults

Back 243

corrective AFO

Front 244

what is the protective AFO?

Back 244

used to protect a limb from WB

Front 245

NAME
this is used to protect a limb from WB

Back 245

protective AFO

Front 246

how should a therapist guard in the following situations?
on level surfaces

Back 246

stand sligthly behind and on the affected side of the pt

Front 247

how should a therapist guard in the following situations?
going up stairs

Back 247

behind and towards the affected side.

pt holds rail w their unaffected UE

Front 248

how should a therapist guard in the following situations?
going down stairs

Back 248

stand in front and lateral to the affected side

pt holds rail w unaffected UE

Front 249

NAME
this is a pattern of movement acting in a bound unit in a primtive and sterotypical manner

Back 249

limb synergy (either ext or Flex)

Front 250

what is a limb synergy?

Back 250

is a pattern of movement acting in a bound unit in a primitive and sterotypical manner

Front 251

describe what happens to the mm in synergy pattern (2)

Back 251

(1)the mm in the pattern are linked and cannot act alone or perform all their functions
(2)
if one mm in the synergy is activated so are all the other mm-either partially or completely

the pat cannot perform isolated moveemnts when bound by synergies

Front 252

T or F
a person w synergy pattern would be ale to perform isolated movements of one mm in the pattern

Back 252

false.....work together as a unit (all contract at the same time)

Front 253

what is the flexor synergy of the UE?

Back 253

LOOK AT PIC and DO ON SELF

scapular add
elevation shoulder
shoulder abd and er
forearm supination
wrist flexion
finger flex

Front 254

NAME
this synergy pattern consits of
scapular add
elevation shoulder
shoulder abd and er
forearm supination
wrist flexion
finger flex

Back 254

flexor synergy of the UE

Front 255

the flexor synergy pattern of the UEcan be faciliated by the (1)

Back 255

Tonic neck reflex

Front 256

the (1)synergy of hte UE can be facialited by the tonic neck reflex

Back 256

flexor

Front 257

the extensor synergy pattern of the UE can be facilaited by the (1)

Back 257

ATNR

Front 258

the (1)synergy of hte UE can be facilaited by the the ATNR

Back 258

extensory synergy

Front 259

what is the extensor synergy of the UE?

Back 259

LOOK AT PIC AND DO ON SELF

consists of
scapula abd and depression
shoulder add and ir
elbow ext
forearm pronation
wrist and finger flex or extension

Front 260

NAME
this synergy pattern cosnsists of
scapula abd and depression
shoulder add and ir
elbow ext
forearm pronation
wrist and finger flex or extension

Back 260

extensor synergy pattern of the UE

Front 261

NAME
this synergy pattern cosnsists
of
hip add, ext and ir
knee ext
ankle plantarflex, and inversion
toe flexion

Back 261

extensor synergy of the LE

Front 262

NAME
this synergy pattern cosnsists of
hip flex, abd, and er
knee flex
ankle dorsiflexion and inversion
toe ext

Back 262

flexor synergy of the LE

Front 263

what is the flexor synergy of the LE?

Back 263

LOOK AT PIC AND DO ON SELF
hip flex, abd, and er
knee flex
ankle dorsiflexion and inversion
toe ext

Front 264

what ist he extensor synergy of the LE?

Back 264

LOOK AT PIC AND DO ON SELF
hip add, ext and ir
knee ext
ankle plantarflex, and inversion
toe flexion

Front 265

what ist he spascitiy the worst in the flexor synergy of the UE? the least?

Back 265

elbow flex
least-shoulder abd and er

Front 266

where is the spasicity the greatest in the extensor synergy of the UE ? the least?

Back 266

(1)greatest-shoulder abd and er
(2)least-elbow ext

Front 267

where is the spasicity the greatest for the extensor synergy in the LE? the least?

Back 267

(1)greatest-hip abd, knee ext, and ankle plantarflex
(2)least-hip ext and ir

Front 268

where is the spasicity the greatets in the flexor synergy pattern of the LE? the least?

Back 268

(1)greatest-hip flex (2)least-hip ad and er

Front 269

the flexor synergy pattern of the LE is facilaited by (1)

Back 269

resistance to ankle plantar flex on the unaffected side

Front 270

the (1)synergy pattern of th eLE is facilaited by the resistance to teh ankle plantar flexion on the unaffected side

Back 270

flexor

Front 271

the extensor synergy pattern of the LE is facailiated by the (1)

Back 271

resistance to ankle dorsfilexion on the unaffected side

Front 272

the (1)synergy pattern of thE LE is facialited by R to ankle dorsfilexion on teh unaffected side

Back 272

extensory

Front 273

when contracting against the opposite pull of g , the trunk mmm on the upper most side are contracting (1)

Back 273

cocentrically

Front 274

after washing your feet, the trunk isa staighted from a bending positionn. y (1)

Back 274

concentric contractio nfo the back ext

Front 275

preventing movements that would occur c of g preventings you are using (1) of mm

Back 275

isometric contraction

Front 276

controling the speed opf the trunk movements in the direction of g pull is caused by a (1)contraction of the mm

Back 276

eccentric

Front 277

when on leans foward to wash the feet durign LE washing, what mm are used?

Back 277

eccentric contraciton of back ext

Front 278

what are mm are used?

when sitting and leaning backward

Back 278

eccentric contraction of trunk flexors

Front 279

what are mm are used?'
when sitting leaning back then coming foward

Back 279

cocentric contraction of trunk flex

Front 280

what mm are used?
when in slumped position ....striaghtening up your back

Back 280

concentric contraction of lower trunk flexors

Front 281

what mm are used?
when the person is seated and lifts up lower legs of the pat (hip flexion). for the patient to refrain from falling, what mm are used?

Back 281

isometric contraction of trunk flexors

Front 282

what mm are used?
the pt is a supine position and sits up

Back 282

rectus abdominos (concentric contraction)

Front 283

in general the trunk flexors used (3)

Back 283

(1) in the seated position when the shoulder move posterior to the hips (DEMONSTRATE ON SELF) (2)when the trunk is moving away from suppoert surface (supine starting position ) (3)during rotation activities)

Front 284

what mm are used?
when a person reaches foward for an object?

Back 284

concentric contraction of trunk ext

Front 285

what mm are used?
person leans foward to tie shoe

Back 285

eccentric contraction of trunk ext

Front 286

what mm are used?

persons in coming up from tieing their shoe

Back 286

concentric contraction of the trunk ext

Front 287

in general when are the trunk ext activated?(8)

Back 287

(1)posterior tilt to anterior tilt (straigthening up-concentric (2)reaching foward-concentric (3)bending foward-eccentric (4)coming up-concentric (5)briding -concentric (6)maintaing bridging -isometric (7)coming down from briding position-eccentric (8)anterior weight shifts-eccentric

Front 288

what mm are used?
person is seated,
a leans to the left side

Back 288

eccentric contraction of the side of the trunk that is elongating (in this case right side)

Front 289

what mm are used?
when the person lean to the left side...what mm are used to come back to seated position?

Back 289

concentric contraction of the lateral flexors (on the side shortening) in this caseRight side)

Front 290

what mm are used?
weight shift to horz left side (hip hiking) (bring shoudler down and but up on same side)

Back 290

concentric contraction of the lateral flexors on the side shortening (in this case Left side) (

Front 291

what mm are used?
pt is sitting uprightt
reaches w right arm across the body toward the floor

Back 291

flex and rotation

w
conecntric contraction of the obliques and back ext

Front 292

what movements are used?
scooting backward

Back 292

flex w rotation

Front 293

what mm are used?
when the pt reaches behind the shoulder level

Back 293

rotation and extension

Front 294

what mm are used?
when the patients scoots foward

Back 294

ext w rotation

Front 295

what mm are used?
the pt is supine and intiates a segemental roll by lifting the shoulder up from the support surface and toward the opposite side of the body

Back 295

concentric contraction of the abdominals

Front 296

what trunk mm are required for dressing?
UE dressing
pullover shirt

Back 296

trunk flex
trunk ext
trunk rotation w ext

Front 297

what trunk mm are required for?
dressing
button-down shirt

Back 297

trunk flex
trunk ext
trunk rotation w ext (reaching behind to put sleeves on)
trunk flex

Front 298

what trunk mm are used for?
LE dressing seated?

Back 298

(trunk flex-to reach down towards floor
trunk rotation w flex-required to reach opp foot
trunk ext- coming up from position
lateral flex-required if using cross-legged appraoch

Front 299

what trunk mm are used for hair care?
washing hair

Back 299

trunk flex-if pat leans foward to rinse hair
trunk ext-if pt leans backward to rinse hair

Front 300

what mm are used?
eating

Back 300

trunk flex-when lean foward
trunk ext- when striaghten out
trunk rot- reaching for objects across the midline

Front 301

what mm are used for bathing?

Back 301

trunk flex
ext
when reaching toward LE

trunk rotation-
reaching towards opp E

lateral flex-when washing hte perneail areas

Front 302

what mm are used?
tioleting

Back 302

lateral flex


trunk rotation w ext-used to reach across body for tiolet paper

trunk flex-wiping after tiolet etc

Front 303

what mm are used for scooting?
(3)

Back 303

(1)trunk flex
ext-

(2)lateral flex-when clear the buttock and advancing foward
(3)trunk rotation w ext-lower trunk intiiation

Front 304

STOPPED HERE

Back 304

STOPPED HERE

Front 305

Motor behavior emerges from the persons' (1)

Back 305

multiple systems interacting q unique tasks and environment

Front 306

T or F
the nervous system is the only sy7stem that will affect motor control

Back 306

false

Front 307

what is Bernstien's potenial sources of variablity in mm function? (3) describe how can affect this?
DETIAL (COMPARE AND CONTRAST)

Back 307

OVERALL MOVEMENT IS INFLUECNED BY CONTEXTS_ THIS IS HOW

is determined movement by (1)anatomic factors-context determines how the movement occurs

ex)standing shd flex-concentric
prone-sh-flex-eccentric

(2)mechanicals factors--nonmusclar forces such as g and interia detremine the degree to which the mm contract---conts to move until other mm such as should ext contrat to stop the flex

ex)moving against g or in a greduced plane (less force is needed w.out g then w g)
ex)the F of the shoulder ext would be greater if sh flex where contracting vs if not contracting

(3)psyiolgoic factors-refers to amount of info being related and controled by higher centers in the brain for lower and middle centers

Front 308

what is interia?

Back 308

says that an object stays at rest unless acted upon by unbalanced F-

Front 309

NAME
this says that an object at rest stays at rest unless acted upon by unabalanced F

Back 309

interia

Front 310

what is the dynamical theory system?

Back 310

(1)people use stable (prefered) patterns of motor control (2)behavior is self-organizing (3)motor behavior can change (4)control paramentors are vairables that can change motor behavior (ex changing size of object and amount of support given) (5)behaviors observed after teh CNS damage result from the pts attempts ot use their reaming resources

Front 311

T or F
behavior is specified

Back 311

false emergent

Front 312

what is phase shift? give ex

Back 312

transitions in behavior ex walking differ after you hurt your ankle

Front 313

give an example of how control behaviors can shift behavior from one form to anthoer?

Back 313

changing the support given or size of object

Front 314

how can mechanical forces influence motor behavior?

Back 314

g and interia........determin the degree to which the mm contracts.

interia causes the object to move until acted upon by unbalanced force such as the contraction of the mm antagonist

Front 315

what do motor behaviors aftera CVA result from?

Back 315

the pt attempt to use remaining resources to achive function goals

Front 316

what are some contemporary view of motor learning?

tips to help w learning (6)

Back 316

(1)random practice in a varied sequence is better then blocked (2)practice in various contexts (3)pratice whole task not parts (4)when learning a new task should focus on task not movement (5)self-controlled practice is better then instructor controlled practice (6)dyad training

Front 317

what is blocked practice?

Back 317

repetitive practive of the same task w .in the same practice session

Front 318

nAME
this is repetitive practiceo f the same task w in the same practice session

Back 318

blocked practice

Front 319

what is better for motor learning?
random or blocked practice?

Back 319

random

Front 320

To r F
it will help the person learn if you practice only hte parts they are bad at instead of the whole part

Back 320

false

Front 321

what is self-controlled practice?

Back 321

person being trained deciedes when and how feedback is given and whether the assistive device are used

Front 322

NAME
this is when the person deciedes when and how feedback is given and whether AT is used

Back 322

self-controlled practice

Front 323

which is better for motor learning?
self-controlled practice or instructor controlled

Back 323

self-controlled

Front 324

what is dyad training?

Back 324

showing the person then having them practice task

Front 325

NAME
this is when the person observes the task then practices the task

Back 325

dyad training

Front 326

Does physical and verbal guidances help w motor learning? explain (2)

Back 326

feedback should be faded or decreased overtime (2)summary of feedback after multiple trials is better

Front 327

T or F
more feedback is better hten less feedback

Back 327

false

Front 328

To rF
physical and verbal guidance that increased overtime helped w long-term learning

Back 328

false-should decrease/fade

Front 329

the ot should eval at what level?
the impairment or how they do the task

Back 329

how they do the task

Front 330

how does the top-down approach work? (5)

Back 330

eval in the following order
(1)roles
(2)ADLs/work/education/play
(3)task selection and anaylsis
(4)person-cogntive, psyosocial, and sensorimotor (mmt) (5)environment

Front 331

T or F
the impact of the high centers on the mm control is a one-one relationships to the lower centers

Back 331

false-lower centers modify commands

Front 332

how can anatomic factors in context influence motor behavior?

Back 332

(
is determined movement by (1)anatomic factors-context determines how the movement occurs

ex)standing shd flex-concentric until 90
prone-sh-flex-eccentric

Front 333

give an example how the impact of the higher centers on mm control is not a one-one relationships to the lower centers/

Back 333

had smother movemetns when practicing eating w spoon then pretending to use spoon (natl evirionment more supportive)

Front 334

what are some variables that can influence mm control? (3)

Back 334

contexts such as (1)anatomic factors (2)mechnaical factors (3)psysiolgic factors

Front 335

what is the dynamic systems theory?

Back 335

says that behvior is self-organizing and stable/each person does uniquely.... however, it can change and controled by paramenters

Front 336

what is the system model of motor control?

Back 336

says that not just hte nervous influences motor coontrol but many systems interacting w tasks and environment

Front 337

NAME
this theory says taht not just hte nervoius system influences the motor control but many systems interacting w the tasks and environment

Back 337

system model of mtoor control

Front 338

what is the ecologic approach to motor control?

Back 338

says that influenced by interaction btwn person and evionment

Front 339

NAME
this says that motor control is influenced by the interaction btwn the person and environment

Back 339

ecologic approach

Front 340

NAME
this theory says the motor behavior is self-organizing (meaning chose on stable patterns) and these can change and influenced by controled paramaters such as size of object and support

Back 340

dynamic systems of theory

Front 341

what are some ways for OT to use task-oriented approach when teaching motor learning? (10)

Back 341

(1)help pt adjust to roles and task performance limitations (2)create an environment that utilizes the common challengs of everyday lfie (3)pracitce functional tasks or close simulations to fine effective and efficient strategies (4)provide opportunities for practice outside of therapy time (ex homework assignments) (5)minimize the ineffective and inefficient movement patterns (6)remediate a person factor (impairment) if it is critical to control parameter (7)adapat the environment, modify the task, use AT and/or reduce the effects of g (8)use contemporay motor learning prinicples in learning (9)for persons w poor control of movement, constrain degrees of freedom (10)for persons who do NOT USE RETURNED function in their involved E, use constraint-induced therapy

Front 342

the main goal of top-down approach is to eval (1)before (2)

Back 342

role and occupational performance in ADLs (2)personal and environmental factors

Front 343

NAME
this approach involves eval the patients roles and occupational performance in ADLs before personal and environmental factors

Back 343

top-down approach

Front 344

in brief terms, what is the top-down approach?

Back 344

involves eval the patients roles and occupational performance in ADLs before personal and environmental factors

Front 345

when eval occupational performance doing ADLS (what should you be looking at (spec motor learning)? (4)

Back 345

outcome of the process
flexibiltiy, perfered patterns used, new strategies used,

Front 346

What are stable behaviors vs unstale behaviors?

Back 346

(1)stable-use all the time-do not change (2)unstable-changing

Front 347

what kind of behaviors will require a great deal of effort and time to change? stable or unstable?

Back 347

stable

Front 348

when is the best time to electit behavioral changes?

Back 348

when the behaviors are unstable

Front 349

give ex of stable behavior?

Back 349

stroke pt just came in and post-5 months and has been using non-D side to dressing efficiently since

Front 350

what is the best treatment approach if behavior is stable?

Back 350

a compenstatory apporch

Front 351

what is the best treatment approach if the behavior is unstable?

Back 351

remediation approach

Front 352

behaviors are usually (1)after stroke

Back 352

unstable

Front 353

if the person is unable to perform task, what does therapits do?

Back 353

attempts to determine if person or environment interfering w it

Front 354

what are crtical control parameters/

Back 354

the variables that have the potential to shift behavior to a new level of task perforamnce

Front 355

name
THESE ARE variables that have the abiltiy to shift behavior to a new levle of task performance

Back 355

critical control parameters

Front 356

T or F
critical control parameters stay the same throughout the treatment process

Back 356

false....the same intervention that workated at stage one may not work at later stage

Front 357

T or F
phsyical guidance should be provided to stroke pts whne learning

Back 357

false.....prevents them from learning how to use the remaining sources to get the job done... DO NOT PROVIDE IMMEDITE FEEDBACK LET THEM PROBLEM SOLVE

Front 358

what are (2)factors that influence OT intervention?

Back 358

individal (2)environment

Front 359

what is one thing to keep in mind about stroke pt and giving them at /w/c?

Back 359

an overrelience in compensation w.out providing stroke surviiors w opportunites to improve internal skills limits them from reaching their full potential to engage in a variety of roles

Front 360

when working w strokes, how should you give feedback? should it be given immedailtiy?

Back 360

no should let the firgue out what doing wrong and /try it out first

Front 361

what is the goal of training vs learning?

Back 361

(1)training-memorization to select challenge (2)learning-develop one's own solution and apply to variety of contexts-generalize

Front 362

T or F
studies show that skills acquired through training can be applied sucessfually in differ environmental contexts

Back 362

false.....

Front 363

when can a therapist tell if learning has occured?

Back 363

pt can apply what learned to a variety of differ contexts

Front 364

what does practice for learning require?

Back 364

active enagement in tasks taht require problem solving and implemenation of effective strategies

Front 365

give an ex of what can happen if kinesiologic linkage is not working?

Back 365

scapula/humeurs

if scapula does not move. and humeurs falls such as w g in supine...can tear the ligaments in the arm..(overstretch)

Front 366

Give exs of specfic kinesiologic linkages in the UE? (3)

Back 366

(1)deltoid and rotator cuff mm are linked to ensure that deltoid fiers prodce the desired force on the humeurs.....wout linkage. an attempt to abd the sh results in nonfunctional upward shrug of the sh

(2)glenohumeral er is linked auto w end-range humeral flex and abd (3)when risting to stand from a chair-fowrad trunk motor is initated most efficently at the hipse and accompanied by anterior pelvic tilt

Front 367

how can work on improving kinseiolgic linkage?

Back 367

if scpaul not moving strengthing it by having htem do foward reaching activites that use the protaction of the scapula

Front 368

what is declartive learning?

Back 368

used for tasks in which language skills are usd to orgize conmplex sequences in actions...........ex learning a new recipe

Front 369

T or F
procedual learning is the usually last to go in people

Back 369

true

Front 370

the most skill development occurs through (1)learning

Back 370

procedural

Front 371

what is procedural learning?

Back 371

task practice in a series of varing contextes

Front 372

NAME
this is learning through practice in a variety of contexts

Back 372

procedural learning

Front 373

how does precedural leraning develop?

Back 373

through oppoturnties to experiement through different combo of movements

Front 374

what are the phases to promote generalizatioN?

Back 374

(1)acuqiation phase (2)retention phase (3)tranfer phase

Front 375

compare and contrast the differ phaases required to generalize info?

Back 375

(1)acquisition phase-during intial instruction/practice (2)retention phase-after the intial phase...asked to demo (3)transfer phase-asked to use skill in new context

Front 376

what are some differ types of feedback?

Back 376

knowledge of performance vs knowledge of results

Front 377

what is knowledge of performance?

Back 377

is altering /learning a s you go along

Front 378

what is knowledge of results?

Back 378

is looking at results then altering behavior

Front 379

what dose research show about intrinsic vs extrinsic feedbacl?

Back 379

supports the use of focusing on revelant info in the environemnt (such as distance to or shape of object)instead of direction the pt attention internally to the key elements of hte movement

Front 380

what is terminal feedback?

Back 380

feedback given at end of task

Front 381

what is conceurrent feedback?

Back 381

given during task peformance and includes instrinsic somatosensory feedback and ongoing verbal and manual cueing

Front 382

NAME
this serve as a basis for correcting errors for more effective peformance on future trials

Back 382

KR

Front 383

what does KR stand for?

Back 383

knowledge of results

Front 384

what does KP stand for?

Back 384

knowledge of perofrmance

Front 385

NAME
this is when you look at results then fix the next time

Back 385

KR

Front 386

what are (5)strateiges to assist w mtoor strategy developemnt? (5)

Back 386

(1)verbal instruction (2)visual demonstraction (3)manual guidance (4)accurate and timely feedback (5)consistency of practice

Front 387

new knowledge is more likely to be generalzied for use after the acuquistion pahse if (1)

Back 387

the pt learns a foundational strategy that can applied to differ contexts

Front 388

KP tends to promote improved performance during hte (1)phase of generlization but not during the (2)phase

Back 388

(1)acquistion (2)retention

Front 389

what is blocked pracitce?

Back 389

pt practice one task until they master it followed by 2nd task until mastered as well

Front 390

NAME
this when pt practice when task until they master it followed by 2nd task etc

Back 390

blocked practice

Front 391

what is random practice?

Back 391

requries pt to attempt multiple tasks or variation of the task they have mastered before they have mastered any one of the tasks and tehy perform in random order

Front 392

NAME
this requries pt to attempt multiple tasks or variation of the task they have mastered before they have mastered any one of the tasks and tehy perform in random order

Back 392

random practice

Front 393

what does the reaserach say about practice?

Back 393

pts who particpated in a variable practice peformed better on transfer tests then subjects who particpate in repetitve practice

Front 394

what are some types of practice?

Back 394

blocked (2)random

Front 395

what are closed tasks?

Back 395

activites in whic the environment is stable and predictale and emthods of performance are consistant over time

Front 396

Give ex of a closed task?

Back 396

get in and out of the tub

Front 397

geting in and out of a tub?
is it a closed task or open task

Back 397

closed

Front 398

what are variable motion tasks?

Back 398

are stable and predicable environment but specific feature of the enviroment vary btwn performances .........requires learning more then one method of performance

Front 399

give ex of a variable motion task?

Back 399

drinking out of differ cup vs mug

Front 400

what kind of task is this?
drinking out of a cup vs mug

Back 400

variable motion task

Front 401

NAME
these are are stable and predicable environment but specific feature of the enviroment vary btwn performances .........requires learning more then one method of performance

Back 401

variable motion tasks

Front 402

what are consistent motion tasks?

Back 402

pt deals w envirionment conditiosn that are in motion during activity performance........motion is constant and predictable

Front 403

what type of activity is this?
going on a escalator

Back 403

consistent motion tasks

Front 404

NAME
in this type of activity pt deals w envirionment conditiosn that are in motion during activity performance........motion is constant and predictable

Back 404

consistent motion tasks

Front 405

give an ex of a consistant motion task?

Back 405

going on a escalator

Front 406

what are open tasks?

Back 406

require pts to make adaptive decisions about unpredicatble events bc objects w.in environment are in random motion during task

Front 407

NAME
these tasks require pts to make adaptive decisions about unpredicatble events bc objects w.in environment are in random motion during task

Back 407

open task

Front 408

what is needed to do a consistent motion task?

Back 408

have to be able to match the timing of their actions w the predictale changes of the moving objects such as getting on a escalator

Front 409

what is needed for open tasks?

Back 409

appropriately time movements and spatial anticpation of where the revelant objects will be moving such as when hitting a ball

Front 410

give an ex of a open task

Back 410

hitting a ball

Front 411

what type of task is

hitting a ball

Back 411

open task

Front 412

T or F
open tasks cannot be learned through environment that is stationary need to be done in natural environment

Back 412

true

Front 413

what is needed for normal mvoement to occur?

Back 413

dissociation....not locked in patterns of synergy//...each segement also must be free to move I of adjacent structures such as move sh not sh and elbow

Front 414

Compare and contrast the differ types of tasks? (4)

Back 414

(1)closed-

environment-stable and predicatble
methods of performance-same

(2)variable motionless tasks-
evironment-changes but not motion and is predictale
method of pefromance-differ
(3)consistant motion tasks-
evironment-in motion but predicatble
performance of task-timing critical
(4)open task-
evironment-random objects in motion

method of performance-have to adapt to randomness

Front 415

Compare and contrast the differ types of tasks? (4)

Back 415

(1)closed-

environment-stable and predicatble
methods of performance-same

(2)variable motionless tasks-
evironment-changes but not motion and is predictale
method of pefromance-differ
(3)consistant motion tasks-
evironment-in motion but predicatble
performance of task-timing critical
(4)open task-
evironment-random objects in motion

method of performance-have to adapt to randomness

Front 416

what are the differ types of tasks? (4)

Back 416

(1)closed (2)variable motionless tasks (3)consistant motion tasks (4)open task

Front 417

compare and contrast the UE synergy patterns

Back 417

(1)
FLEXOR PATTERN UE
scapular add
sh elevation, er,
elbow flexion and supination
wrist/finger=flex

EXTENSOR PATTERN OF UE
scapular abd
sh depression, add, ir,
elbow ext and pronation
finger/wrist=flex or ext

Front 418

compare and contrast the the LE Synergy patterns

Back 418

FLEXOR OF LE
hip flex, abd, er
knee flex
ankle dorsiflexion and inversion
toe ext

EXTENSOR OF LE
hip add, ir, and ext
knee ext
plantarflex and inversion
toe flex

Front 419

STOPPED HERE

Back 419

STOPPED HERE

Front 420

describe how the processses of info flow

such as drinking a glass of water (4)

Back 420

(1)starts w the urge or impulse to act and purpose (2)ideation-the goal of moveemnt (3)programing (plan of action) (4)execution- (the activiatio nof motor neureons that generate firing of mm)

Front 421

(1)info is neccesary for smooth movement to occur

Back 421

sensory

Front 422

motor areas relay heavily on (1)

Back 422

sensory feedback

Front 423

what are some factors that determine voluntary movement? (5)

Back 423

the body is in space, where the body extends go (3)the intenral and external loads (ex contracts, ROMS, spasicity and g) (4)that must be overcome and (5)the formation of a strategy or plan to perform the movement

Front 424

what is apraxia?

Back 424

the loss of the ability to perform moveement in the absence of motor or sensory impairments

Front 425

NAME
this is the loss of the ability to perform movements in the absence of motor or sensory impairments

Back 425

apraxia

Front 426

lesions of the primary somatosensroy usually result (1) in damage

ex if the left somatosensory cortex was damaged. what side of the would be affected?

Back 426

right side

Front 427

if the somatosensory cortex is damaged, why are movements uncoordintated?

Back 427

becase the ability ot register feedback during and after the moveemnt is comprimised.

Front 428

T or F
apraxia only exists on one side

Back 428

both and can have sne

Front 429

t or F
apraxia is due to spasicity , motor loss and lack of coordination

Back 429

false

Front 430

motor relearning should focus on (1)

Back 430

functional task in re-environmenta

Front 431

when you lay on your back, you get the (1) which is normal reflex pattern that becomes intergrated later

Back 431

extensor pattern

Front 432

what are some (2)assumptions about reflexes?

Back 432

the basic units of motor control are reflexes which respond to specific sensory stimuli (2)motor control is heirachlly arranged

Front 433

what is the believed to be the basic unit of motor control?

Back 433

reflexes

Front 434

damage to the CNS, affects the reflexes in what way?

Back 434

brain can no longer regulate the reflexes and exert control........return to more reflexeivtve and primitive patterns of movement

Front 435

what are the (4)tradiational approaches to dealing w strokes?

Back 435

(1)rood (2)brunnstorm (3)PNF (4)NDT

Front 436

whati s hte purpose of the (4) traditional appoarches for stroke pts?

Back 436

(1)inolves application of sensory stim to mm and joints to evoke a specfic motor response handling and postioning techniques to effect changes in mm tone nad the use of developmental postures to enhance the ability to carry and iniiate tasks

Front 437

what is Rood 's approach?

Back 437

(1)stim has the potenital to either inhibitory or faciliatory effect mm tone (2)short term- exs)include slow rolling, neutral warmth, deep pressure, tapping and prolonged stretch (3)a

Front 438

NAME
tfor this appoarch, stim has the potential to eitehr inhibitary or faciliatory effect mm tone, and short term results, and exs include deep pressure, slow rolling, neutral warmth, deep pressure, tapping, and prolonged stretch

Back 438

Rood approach

Front 439

what are some limitations of the Rood appoarch? (4)

Back 439

(1)can be either inhibitatory or faciliatory (2)short lasting (3)passive-pt doesnt do anything (4)unpredictable

Front 440

what are some exs of interventions or sensory stimuli used in the ROod aapporach:? (4)

Back 440

(1)deep pressure (2)tappng (3)slow rolling (4)neutrla warmth 95)prolonged stretch

Front 441

what is Brunnstrom approach?

Back 441

spastic or flaccid mm tone and the presense of reflexive movements that may be present after the CVA are considered normal proces of recovery and veiwed as neccesarry to steps in the regaining volitional movement

Front 442

NAME
this apporach says that spastic or flaccid movements and the presensce of reflexive moveemnts are normal and neccessary steps in regaining voltional movement

Back 442

Brunnstrom

Front 443

in the brunnstorm appoarch, emphasis is placed on what?

Back 443

facilicating the progress of the pt movement into reflexive to volitional

Front 444

what are some limitations of the Brunnstrom apporach?

Back 444

some people get stuck in step 3 so dont use anymore (2)fear of encouraging the abnormal moveemnts patterns

Front 445

what is the PNF?

Back 445

major emphasis on teh developmental sequance of moveemnt and the blance interplay btwn agonist and antagonist in producing volitional moveemtn

Front 446

NAME
this approach describes the major emphasis on the developmental sequence of mvoeemnt and balance interply btwn the agonist and the atagonist in producing voltional moveemnts

Back 446

PNF

Front 447

what does PNF stand for?

Back 447

peripheral neuromuscular faciliation

Front 448

what are some sensory stimuli for ht PNF? exs (3)

Back 448

(1)tactile (2)auditory (43)visual input

Front 449

T or F
the TRood apporach has long lasting effects in reducing spasicity and movement

Back 449

false-short term

Front 450

how does the Rood appraoch use vibration?

Back 450

used a propricoceptive stim to faciliat mm (inhibits the antagnosit)

hwoever, not use much bc being replaced by e-stim

Front 451

what is the "coeffect"

Back 451

the interaction of one or more forces upon the other force...created a conditio nof active I

Front 452

NAME
this is the interaction of one or more forces upon the other F ...creates a condition of active I

Back 452

coeffect

Front 453

give ex of a coeffect?

Back 453

flex vs ext

Front 454

approximation of reali life context increases (1)t

Back 454

treatment effectivness/ generalizability

Front 455

Repetiotn of mm responses creates ()

Back 455

mvmt patterns

Front 456

mm tone effects (1)

Back 456

motor control

Front 457

motor control affects 91)

Back 457

mm tone

Front 458

give an ex of how therapists use somatic markers to slection interaction methods w cts

Back 458

dr. ivvete using a stern voice to get Jennifers attention

Front 459

T or F
mm tone is the only prerequiste for motor control

Back 459

false

Front 460

T or F
motor control can exist in spite of poor mm tone

Back 460

true

Front 461

Grip strength has been foudn to be a good predictor of (1)

Back 461

restored hand fx

Front 462

(1)has been found to be a good predictor of restored hand fx

Back 462

grip strength

Front 463

T or F
neuroplasticity does not cont after 1 yr post stroke

Back 463

false

Front 464

T or F
mm strength is not as important as decreased tone for motor control

Back 464

false mm strength more important then reducing tone

Front 465

what rood (4) components of motor control?

Back 465

(1)reciprocal inhibition or (innervation) (2)co-contration (3)heavy work (4)skill

Front 466

what is the reciprocal inhibition?

Back 466

means that the contractin of the agonist mm occurs as the antagonist mm relaxes

Front 467

NAME
this refers to how the contraction of the agnonist occurs as the antagnoist relaxes

Back 467

reciprocal inhibition

Front 468

how does co-cotnraction affect motor control?

Back 468

provides stability and is atonic/static mm pattern ex hold object in place

Front 469

NAME
this is the foundatio nfor postural control and allows you to hld an object in place

Back 469

co-contractio nof agonist and antagnosit

Front 470

what is heavy work?

Back 470

is when the proximal mm contract and move while the distal segements are fixed

Front 471

NAME
this is when the proximal mm contract and hte move while the distal segements are fixed

Back 471

heavy work

Front 472

give some exs of heavy work? (3)

Back 472

(1)quadruped (2)lifting (3)moving (4)pulling

Front 473

exs of this include quadruped, lifting, moving and pulling?

Back 473

heavy work

Front 474

NAME
this is the highest level of motor control

Back 474

skill

Front 475

what is Rood def of skill needed for mtoor control?

Back 475

combines mobiltiy and stabiltiy.....the proximal segements are stabilized while the distal segements move freely

Front 476

NAME
combines mobiltiy and stabiltiy.....the proximal segements are stabilized while the distal segements move freely

Back 476

Rood def of skill

Front 477

give ex of skill accorrding to Rood

Back 477

painting a pic (2)typing

Front 478

what are the major motor patterns of development according to Rood?

Back 478

(1)supine withdrawl (2)rollover towards side lying (3)pivot prone (4)neck cocontraction

Front 479

what is supine withdrawl?

Back 479

protective response when in supine

the flex of the neck, crossing of the arms and legs protect the anterior suface of the body

(

Front 480

how can you test to see if someone has integrated the supine withdrawl ?

Back 480

can curl up into ball

Front 481

NAME
this is a protective response when in supine

the flex of the neck, crossing of the arms and legs protect the anterior suface of the body

Back 481

supine withdrawl

Front 482

NAME
this when the arm and leg flex on the same side of the body when roll on side

Back 482

rollover towards side lying

Front 483

NAMe
this is used by children dominated w extensor tone

Back 483

supine withdrawl

Front 484

NAME
this is used by pts domainted by TLR

Back 484

rollover towards side lying- and arm and legs flex on same side and accitavtes laterla trunk mm

Front 485

TLR can occur when the pt is either (1)or (2)

Back 485

supine or prone

Front 486

W TLR<, if the pt is supine they will go into a (1)

Back 486

extensory synergy

Front 487

w TLR, if the pt is prone they will go into a (1)

Back 487

flexor synergy

Front 488

pivot prone is also called (1)

Back 488

prone extension

Front 489

(1)is also called prone extension

Back 489

pivot prone

Front 490

what is pviot prone?

Back 490

when baby is prone nad head ext, and LE and scapula retracts

Front 491

nAME
this is bring head up when in prone

Back 491

co contratction of neck ext and flex

Front 492

what does a person need to bring head up in prone?

Back 492

co-contration of the neck ext and flex

Front 493

What does pivot prone require?

Back 493

full rnage of neck, sh, and trunk and lower E ext

Front 494

NAMe
this helps to preprate babies for upright postiion

Back 494

pivot prone

Front 495

pivot prone indicates (1)

Back 495

integration of the STNR And TLR

Front 496

when does the STNR occur?

Back 496

when sitting

Front 497

NAME
This is when prone..the babies head and legs extends

Back 497

pivot prone

Front 498

what is quadruped?

Back 498

being on hands and knees

Front 499

NAME
this refers to being on hands and knees

Back 499

qaudruped

Front 500

when are babies able to be prone on elbows?

note::what is needed?

Back 500

once neck contraction and prone ext develope

Front 501

what does WB on elbows do? prone

Back 501

stretches the Upper trunk mm to influence stabiltiy of the scapular and glenohumeral areas to provide (1)better visibability of environment and (2)provides oppto to weight shift from side to side (3)inhibits STNR

Front 502

NAME
this inhibits the STNR

Back 502

WB on elbows prone

Front 503

All 4 is refered to was (1)

Back 503

qaudruped

Front 504

before quadruped can occur, whati s needed?

Back 504

neck and sh stability

Front 505

what does quadruped do for babies? (benefits) *(2(

Back 505

helps to develop co-contraction of trunk flex, and ext (2)shifts wieght foward back, side to side, and diagonally (heavy work)

Front 506

what does static standing require?

Back 506

high levle integration

Front 507

what are some benefits of static standing?

Back 507

frees hands up for UE rephension and manimpulation

Front 508

what is prprioceptive stim?

Back 508

use of sensory input to improve moveement of body parts by faciliation of mm spindles, GTO, joint receptors and vestibular system

Front 509

NAME
this is the use of sensory input to improve moveement of body parts by faciliation of mm spindles, GTO, joint receptors and vestibular system

Back 509

proprioceptive

Front 510

what is heavny joint compression?

Back 510

joint compression greater than body weight applied through the long bone

Front 511

NAME
this is joint compression greater then the body applied through the bigbone

Back 511

heavy joint compression

Front 512

when is joint compression the most effective?

Back 512

when applied through humeurs

Front 513

give ex of Rood uses R to faciliate improve movement?

Back 513

R to contraction of mm in the shortened rnage.


ex give quick stretch to flexors then say touch ear and give R to mm to strength it

Front 514

NAMe
this produces increased tone in the mm off the neck, midline, and trunk ext or the limb...can trigger TNR and use caution

Back 514

inversion

Front 515

what are some inhbitory techniques used for to reduce spasticity? (4) in Roods appoarch

Back 515

(1)neutral warmth (2)slow stroking (3)light joint compression (4)rocking in developemental patterns

Front 516

what is neutral warmth? when is used?

Back 516

for spasicity or rigidity?
wrap person in warm blanker

Front 517

NAME
ex of this is wrapping person in warm blaknet

Back 517

neural warmth

Front 518

what is slow stroking?

Back 518

done in prone....provides slow stroking movements over spinal processes

Front 519

NAME
this is done in prone....provides slow stroking movements over spinal processes

Back 519

slow stroking

Front 520

what is important to note about the inhibitory techniques?

Back 520

can have re-bound effects..(20 min later worse)

Front 521

how is the rocking in developmental patterns used as inhibitory tech?

Back 521

in quadruped.. therapist applies pressure on wrist and hell of hand ==inhbiits wrist flexors

Front 522

NAME
this is based on norma moveements and motor development

Back 522

PNF

Front 523

what does the PNF address?

Back 523

posture, mobility, strenght effort and coordination

Front 524

what is the PNF?

Back 524

uses mass movement patterns that are spiral and diagonal and resemble moveements seen in functional activties

Front 525

NAME
this uses mass movement patterns that are spiral and diagonal and resemble moveements seen in functional activties

Back 525

PNF

Front 526

normal motor control developmental proceeds in a (1)direction

Back 526

cervicocaudal and proximodistal

Front 527

T or F
fine motor skills can be develoepd effectively w.out . head, neck, and turnk control

Back 527

false

Front 528

what is need for fine motor skills to be developed effectivly?

Back 528

(1)head,neck and trunk control

Front 529

early motor behavior is domaionted by (1)

Back 529

relfexes

Front 530

ATNR can be used to facilaite (1)

Back 530

elbow ext

Front 531

NAME
this cna be used to faicliate elbow ext

Back 531

ATNR

Front 532

what is the main goal of PNF?

Back 532

establish a balance btwn antagonist

Front 533

NAME
the main goal of this is to establish a balance btwn atantogist and agonist

Back 533

pnf

Front 534

improvement in motor ability is D upon (1)

Back 534

motor learning

Front 535

when has motor leraning occured?

Back 535

when tacitle, auditory, and visiual input are needed cueing

Front 536

what are some tips for verbal cues?

Back 536

(1)verbal commands should be short and clear (2)time the command (3)strong tone-when max stimulation is needed (4)soft-tone-when reassurnace is needed

Front 537

NAME
this is having pt talk themselves through the steps

Back 537

verbal mediation

Front 538

how can therapist use the visual system to help w movement?

Back 538

have pt use it to assist w initiation and coordination of movement (2)tract directio nw eyes (watch hand and follow it)

Front 539

how can the tactile system be used to facilaite movement?

Back 539

(1)have htem feel movement patterns (2)gentle touch to guide

Front 540

NAMe
this develops before the visual and auditory system

Back 540

tactile system

Front 541

NAME
this system is more efficent then the otehrs

Back 541

sensory sytem

Front 542

what is the current motor learning theory?

Back 542

manual contacts and sensory input should be decreased as pt deomonstrates and learn skilled movement (feedback decreased)

Front 543

NAME
this theory says that manual contacts and sensory input should be decreased as pt deomonstrates and learn skilled movement (feedback decreased)

Back 543

current motor learning

Front 544

deficiences in the head and neck will affect (1)

Back 544

UE

Front 545

when are massed movements obserd in the most functional activites?

Back 545

diagonal patterns

Front 546

each diagonal pattern has a (1)f

Back 546

flex and ext component

Front 547

head,neck, and trunk patterns rae refered to as (1)

Back 547

flex w rotation to the right ot the left or ext w rotation to the R or L

Front 548

T or F
in functioanl activites, all components of the pattern or full ROM are neccesary

Back 548

false

Front 549

why might u provide traction?

Back 549

to relieve pain

Front 550

Demonstrate UE D1 flex/ext

Back 550

see notes

Front 551

demon UE D1 Flex/ext

Back 551

see notes

Front 552

Demo UE D1 flex/ext

Back 552

see note

Front 553

Demo UE D1 flex/ext

Back 553

see notes

Front 554

Demo UE D2 flex /ext

Back 554

think YMCA

see notes

Front 555

Demo UE D2 flex /ext

Back 555

think YMCA

see notes

Front 556

Demo UE D2 flex /ext

Back 556

think YMCA

see notes

Front 557

WHAT patterns are being used?
when raking

Back 557

D2ext and d1 flex

Front 558

what should be avoied when comes ot the palm of the hand?

Back 558

deep presure can trigger flex syngergy

Front 559

what is one thing you should encourage clts to do when comes to use fingers vs palm?

Back 559

to use fingesr not palm bc palm can trigger flexor syngergy

Front 560

associated reaction happen when trying to do (1)

Back 560

something really hard on non-inolved side

Front 561

an ex of this is Jennifers is trying really hard to put her shirt on using her unaffected side this causes her other side to become spastic

Back 561

associated reaction

Front 562

how can stretch be benenficial?

Back 562

used to initate voluntary movement and to enhance spped of response and strength of mm

Front 563

what happens auto when hand is in D2/ flex?

Back 563

hand opens

Front 564

how is traction beneficial?

Back 564

facailiates the joint recptors (2)promotes movement and is used for pulling motions and can provide relief of pain and increase ROM

Front 565

what is the objective of max R?

Back 565

to obatina maximal effort on the pat of the ct bc strength is increased movements against R that requires maximal effort

Front 566

what is homolateral limbsynkinesis?

Back 566

doing it on unaffected side first to get feel then doing it on affected side

Front 567

NAME th
this is doing it on unaffected side first to get feel then doing it on affected side

Back 567

homolateral limbsynkinesis

Front 568

tone in the elbow will affect(1)

Back 568

tone in other joints (wrist, sh)

Front 569

T or F
alleviating postive sx will always result in increased function

Back 569

fasle

Front 570

what are positive sx? give exs

Back 570

spascitiy, increased deep tendon reflexes (3)hyperactive flexion reflexes

Front 571

NAME
exs of these include spasicity, increased deep tendon reflex, and hyperactive flexion reflexes

Back 571

positve sx

Front 572

what are some negative sx? exs? (3)

Back 572

loss of dexerity (2)loss of strength (3)restricted ability to mvoe

Front 573

NAME
exs of these include loss of dexerity, loss of strength, and restricted ability to move

Back 573

negative sx

Front 574

T or F
ot should evulate the impairment level only

Back 574

false look at how use UE in activities

Front 575

what is the arm mobiltiy test?

Back 575

used to determine the effectiveness of CIMT

Front 576

what is the wolf motor function test?

Back 576

used w CIMIT but tasks involve reaching and manipulation

Front 577

what is the Jebsen test of hand function?

Back 577

looks at hand function in tasks such as stimulating eating however does not look at function w ADLS

Front 578

what is the motor activity Log?

Back 578

self reflection about use of involved E by patients and caregivers

Front 579

what is Fugi Meyer Assessment?

Back 579

assessment of UE motor function based on Brunnstorm.......does not look at functional tasks

Front 580

NAME
this model or appoarch contentds that motor recovery after CVA occurs a specfic sequence nad that improvement is indicated by deviations from stereotypical synergy patterns

Back 580

Brunnstorm

Front 581

what is the functional test for hemiplegic /parectice of the UE?

Back 581

based on brunnstorm apporach'

looks at functional tasks such as foldinga sheet,zipping a zipper, stabilizing a jarm and putting a box on a shelf

Front 582

what is the arm research arm test?

Back 582

looks at pinch, grasp and grip but not funcitonal use in tasks

Front 583

what is the motor assessment scale?

Back 583

looks at upper arm function, hand movements (movement patterns w..out objects)

Front 584

what are Rood's patterns of development? put in order from birth to walking (9)

Back 584

(1)supine withdrawl (2)rollover towards side lying (3)pivot prone (4)neck cocontraction (extend neck//hold up (5)prone on elbows (6)weightbearing on elbows (7)quadruped (all 4s) (8)static standing (9)walking

Front 585

what are Rood's patterns of development? put in order from birth to walking (9)

Back 585

(1)supine withdrawl (2)rollover towards side lying (3)pivot prone (4)neck cocontraction (extend neck//hold up (5)prone on elbows (6)weightbearing on elbows (7)quadruped (all 4s) (8)static standing (9)walking

Front 586

what does research say about demands and motor ouput?

Back 586

confirmed that demands and goals of the task influcene mtor output

carrying book, vs ice tray

Front 587

what are some acitvities that cna to used to retrain reach patterns?

START BASIC THEN WORK WAY UP

Back 587

(1)pt in supine-while supported by therapists, pt attemtp to hold various positions or follow therapist movements....(support trunk and scapula)-----ex start w flex then move to differ planes (diagonal)

(2)seated then standing--in front of a table- unaffected hand on the cloth on table-glide hand across.
start w straight in foward then work on diagonal planes
(WB supported arm and allows for heumral flex, scapular protection and elbow ext)
(3)seated pt reaches for oobjects placed on the floor in front of them. (4)same as previous only done against R. ex theraband or weights on hand (5)during reach activites more demands placed on distal components and increased manipulaiton (ex Weight on wrist)

Front 588

what are some benefits of having hte pt
WB on hand and moving/gliding rag across table?

Back 588

(1)WB-reduces spaciity /using affected arm/weight shifitng (2)allows for humeral flex, scapula protection, and elbow ext

Front 589

what are some benefits of downward reaching?
ex picking things off the floor

Back 589

enhances scapula protection, humeral flexion, and elbow extension

Front 590

what are some acitvites can have the patient do when the have no active movement in involved UE ? (3)

Back 590

(1)wash affect w non affected, (2)use unaffected to move affected during rolling or dressing (3)bends over and attempts to reach towards floor to stretch arm out after streneous movements resulting in posturing

Front 591

what are the general uses of invlved hand activties that a stroke person can (activities) can through ?

NOTE:Low level to hard level (9)

Back 591

(1)no acitve movement-use unaffected arm to move arm (2)forearm WB as stabilzer (3)uses affected UE for assistance during transitions-during sidelying to sit, push to stand, sit to supine (4)used involved UE to stabilze when sitting or standing (5)WB w superimposed motion (also called supported reach) ex)_hand does not leave support but slides nad pulls objects ) ex ironing,dusting, and wiping counter (6)antig shoulder moveemnts w. hand function (7)intial hand movement (static grasp) w limited sh movement (8)reach patterns w hand activity (9)advanced hand functions

Front 592

what are the general uses of invlved hand activties that a stroke person can (activities) can through ?

NOTE:Low level to hard level (9)

Back 592

(1)no acitve movement-use unaffected arm to move arm (2)forearm WB as stabilzer (3)uses affected UE for assistance during transitions-during sidelying to sit, push to stand, sit to supine (4)used involved UE to stabilze when sitting or standing (5)WB w superimposed motion (also called supported reach) ex)_hand does not leave support but slides nad pulls objects ) ex ironing,dusting, and wiping counter (6)antig shoulder moveemnts w. hand function (7)intial hand movement (static grasp) w limited sh movement (8)reach patterns w hand activity (9)advanced hand functions

Front 593

give ex of pt can use involved UE to support when sitting or standing in fx acitivity?

Back 593

(1)stabilzes at sink while ironing or dusting

Front 594

NAME
ex of this is stabizling w inolved UE while dusting or ironing

Back 594

incoprating UE as posutral support while standing or sitting

Front 595

give ex of WB in a superimposed motion? what does this mean?

Back 595

ex) ironin,(2)dusting (3)wiping counter

Front 596

nMAE
ex of these include ironing, dusting, and wiping counter w inolved UE (hand never leaves counter area)

Back 596

WB in superimposed motion

Front 597

what is WB in superimposed motion?

Back 597

means hand does not leave support-slides and pulls object

Front 598

NAME
this means that hand does not leave support-slides and pulls object

Back 598

WB in superimposed motion

Front 599

WB in superimposed motion is also called (1)

Back 599

supported reach

Front 600

(1)is aslo caleld suppored reach

Back 600

WB in superimposed motion

Front 601

what is using antig shoulder movement w.out hand function? (4)

Back 601

intiates rolling w affected UE, (2)lifts affected into seleve (3)lifts affected UE to table/counter (4)pushes drawer closed w back of hand, turns light switches off w affected hand

Front 602

NAME
exs of this include
intiates rolling w affected UE, (2)lifts affected into seleve (3)lifts affected UE to table/counter (4)pushes drawer closed w back of hand, turns light switches off w affected hand

Back 602

using antig sholder movements w.out hand function

Front 603

give ex of inital hand moveemnt (static grasp w limited sh movement?

Back 603

(1)stabilzes veggies while cutting w unaffected hand (2)holds bags while ambulating (3)hold washcloth to wash unaffected mid body

Front 604

NAME
exs of these include
(1)stabilzes veggies while cutting w unaffected hand (2)holds bags while ambulating (3)hold washcloth to wash unaffected mid body

Back 604

inital hand movement w limited shoulder movement

Front 605

give exs of reach patterns w hand activity

Back 605

(1)picks up sock from floor (2)drinkings from cup w affected (3)opens cabinest w affected (4)retreives box from top shelf w affected

Front 606

NAME
exs of these include (1)picks up sock from floor (2)drinkings from cup w affected (3)opens cabinest w affected (4)retreives box from top shelf w affected

Back 606

reach patterns w hand activity

Front 607

give some exs of advanced hand functions?

Back 607

hold coing in affected palm and slides to fingers (2)signs checks

Front 608

NAME
exs of these include hold coing in affected palm and slides to fingers (2)signs checks

Back 608

advanced hand functions/activit3e4s

Front 609

what are the leves of usage for inolved hand w strokes? (5)

FROM LOWEST LEVEL TO HIGHEST LEVEL

Back 609

(1)nonassistive-unable to use in fx acitvites (2)min stabilziing assist (3)minimal active assisitve-no active hand use (4)max active assist-uses arm actively w sh, elbow, gross grasp and release,,,no fine motor (5)incoporation of bilateral activties-uses as appropriate

Front 610

what does CIMT stand for?

Back 610

constraint-induced movmt therapy

Front 611

what is the inclusion critiera for CIMT?

Back 611

able to extend wrist to 20 degrees and exten MCP and IP joints at least 10 degrees
or

able to extend wrist 10 degrees and 10 degrees of thumb abd and of 10 degrees of ext of any 2 other digits

or

able to life a wash rag off the table using any type of prehension pattern and then release it

Front 612

why CIMT used?

Back 612

used to counteract learned nonuse

Front 613

what does CIMT inolved?

Back 613

massed practice and shaping of the affected limb during repetitive functional tasks

Front 614

NAME
this involves massed practice and shapping of the affected limb during repetitve functional tasks

Back 614

CIMT

Front 615

what is typically referred to the flexor pattern of the UD?

Back 615

can stem from factors other then spascity......inabiltiy to recruit appropriate mm weakness, soft tissue tightness, perceptual deficits, and/or attempt to control degrees of freedom

Front 616

what is biofeedback?

Back 616

when put electrodes and get feedback actictve correct mm

used in neurmuscular rededuacation

Front 617

what is e stim?

Back 617

no change in pain but does increase pain-free sh er and

Front 618

T or F
stroke is painful

Back 618

false.....pain bc of mismanage

Front 619

many inefficent movement patterns are seen may result from (1)

Back 619

attempting tasks that are beyond the level of motor control available

Front 620

what are some factors that impaired postural cotnrol?

Back 620

(1)postural alignments are task specfic

Front 621

T or F
training in supine will transfer over to activties siting or standing

Back 621

false

Front 622

(1)name this procedes upper limb movement

Back 622

upper and foward trunk movement and stabilization

Front 623

as support is increased (1)happens

Back 623

postural demands of task decrease

Front 624

as support is decreased then (1)happens

Back 624

postural demands increase

Front 625

NAME
this is critical of the trunk for UE function

Back 625

postural control

Front 626

postural control should be eval in the context of (1)

Back 626

UE tasks

Front 627

what is spasticity?

Back 627

a motor disorder w persistent increase in involuntary refle activity of mm in response to stretch

Front 628

NAME
this is a motor disorder w persistent increase w involnuntary reflex activity of mm in response to stretch

Back 628

spasticity

Front 629

what determines spasicity?

Back 629

how fast or slow move arm determines spasicity

Front 630

what is clonus?

Back 630

repetiitve, rythmic contractions of mm when attempting to hold in a stretech state

Front 631

NAME
this is repetitive rythmic contraction of mm when attempting to hold in a stretcehd state

Back 631

clonus

Front 632

T or F
therapists should focus on inhibiting spasicity

Back 632

false

Front 633

Rather then focusing on scpasicity therapists should (1)

Back 633

train pts to become perform alternating movement patterns and (2)preventing 2nd sturctures mm changes

Front 634

sustained (1)lead to siginti reduction in spasicity

Back 634

mm stretch for 10 min

Front 635

the development of spasiticity will be less severe if (1)

Back 635

soft tissue length can be maintained and if motor training emphaisizes elimination of unneccessary mm force nad mm synergies are used as part of specific action

Front 636

what are some treatment methods for spasicity? (10)

Back 636

(1)prevent pain syndromes (2)guide appropriate use of available motor control (3)maintain ROM (4)avoid excessive effort during movement (5)teach spefific functional synergy patterns (6)avoid use of repetitive compensatory movement patterns (7)keep spasitic mm on stretch via positioning or orthotics fo prevent contractures (8)teach stretching techniques targeting spastic mm (9)use acitivities to enhance agaonist/antangonist mm (10)refer to dr for meds

Front 637

what is the modifed Ashworth scale? (4)

Back 637

0-no increase in mm tone
1-slight increase in mm tone (min catch and release)
1+slight increase manifested by a catch followed by min resistance throgh remainder of range
2-more significant increase in mm tone throughout mostof the ROM but affected part moves easily
3-considerable increase in mm tone difficult passive mvmt
4-affected part in rigid flex or ext

Front 638

(1)and (2)are the treatment choice for preventing contractures

Back 638

soft tissue and joint mobilization

Front 639

what are some ways to prevent/deal w contractures?

Back 639

(1)limb movement (2)PROM (3)

Front 640

loss of (1)in sh was the most reported cause of pain in strokes

Back 640

er

Front 641

what are some contractures you should strive to prevent in strokes?

Back 641

(1)supination (2)er (3)wrist ext w radial deviation

Front 642

if contracture has develoepd you should use (1)

Back 642

low-load prolonged stretch

Front 643

what should you do a contracture develops?

Back 643

low load prolonged stretch

Front 644

in strokes, vicitims what should you do w the scapula?

Back 644

support in protraction..make sure moving if not move for them

Front 645

what can affect tone? factors?

Back 645

(1)stress (2)sleep (3)position (4)speed of movement

Front 646

what are some techniques you can teach them to do self-PROM? (6)

Back 646

(1)towl on table-use affected to help reach foward (2)rock the baby (3)reach down to the floor (4)in sit or stand, place affected arm on table w forearm being wt. turn trunk away from affected arm..increase er of the shoulder (5)roll over on protract scapula (supine to side lying ) (6)if scapula mobile-in supine place hands behind head and le allows fall foward toward bed

Front 647

what is the best way to prevent contracutre in stokres?

Back 647

encourage functional use of affected E

Front 648

what are the most common limitations seens in people w strokes?

Back 648

(1)er (2)foward flex(3)abd and protraction of scapula

Front 649

reflex sympathetic dystrophy is also called (1)

Back 649

complex regional pain syndrome

Front 650

(1)is also called complex regional pain syndrome

Back 650

reflex sympathetic dystrophy

Front 651

what is the dx critiera for CRPS?

Back 651

(1)loss of ROM at sh w pain during abd, flex and er (2)intense pain during wirst ext, doral (3)edema and tendnerness during palpation (4)hand edematous oer metacarpals (5)digits-some edema increase pain during MCP flex and PIP

Front 652

what does CRPS stnad for?

Back 652

complex regional pain syndrome

Front 653

what are some ways to prevent CRPS in stroke pts? (7)

Back 653

(1)proper handling of UE-support arm...prevent prolonged dangling (2)mobilize the scapula when raising or ranging arm (3)control early signs of edema (4)have pt take resp of own arm (5)avoid poor positioning-no sidelying on humeral head (6)no overhead PROM unless scapula is mobile (7)avoid pulling on affected arm during transfers, bed and mobility

Front 654

T or F
the person suffered a stroke. a good treatment would be to have them do pullies

Back 654

false

Front 655

What type of contraction if more affective for improving strength?

eccentric or concentric or isometric

Back 655

eccentric

Front 656

what can cause rotator cuff injuries in peopelw strokes? when can this occur?

Back 656

impingement of the cuff mm btwn the greater tuberoisty and th arcominal arch

Front 657

when can the rotator cuff injury occur bc of stroke ?

Back 657

)humerus is forced into abd w. out er

scpaula doesnt move etc

Front 658

adhesive capsuliits is often due to (1)

Back 658

immobilization

Front 659

what is the dx ctiteria for adhesive capsulitis?

Back 659

sh pain in less then 20 degrees of er and less then 60 degrees of abd

Front 660

T or F
there is a relationship btwn pain and sh subluxation

Back 660

false

Front 661

what is subluxation of the sh?

Back 661

when the humerus is not in the fossa

Front 662

in normal resting position, what happens to the scapula?

Back 662

if sitting upright....glenoid fossa faces upward, foward, and outward

Front 663

lateral flexion of the trunk towards the affected side causes (1)of the scapula

Back 663

downward rotation

Front 664

what can cause downward rotation of the scapula?

Back 664

from unopposed mm activity that depresses and down rotates the scapula and/or (2)weakness that should position the scapula in upward rotation

Front 665

describe normal glenohumeral alignment (4)

Back 665

(1)angle of fossa-foward,upward, and outward
(2)support scapula on ribcage
(3)contractio nof the deltoid and cuff mm when slightly abd (4)the supraspinatus prevents downward migration of the head of the humerus when the load is applied to the UE -doesnt work if humerus is abd

Front 666

in the glenohumeral joint, what roles does the supraspinatus do?

Back 666

prevents downward migration of the head of the humerus when ad downward load is applied to UE (ex holding briefcase)

Front 667

what is it beleived that subluxation is caused by?

Back 667

the weight of the arm and mechanical stretch to the joint capsule and traction to the unresposible sh

Front 668

T or F
slings can help assist in proper alignment of the scapula

Back 668

false

Front 669

T or F
slings can help to reduce subluxation

Back 669

false

Front 670

what is the most effective way to reduce the level of subluxation?

Back 670

provide the pt w activities that enhance the trunk and scpaula alignmnet that activate the rotator cuff and ehance functional use of ex during WB and reach patterns

Front 671

what are cons of a sling? in people w strokes (8)

Back 671

affects balance (2)weights on other side (3)hurts neck (4)shorten trunk flexs on affected side (already prone to this) (5)mm atrophy (6)decrease ROM (7)learned disuse (8)contractures

Front 672

in what normal motions of the sh, do u use er?

(ex)flex, ext,abd,add,etc)

Back 672

abd and supination

Front 673

T or F
it is proven that WB reduces spasicity

Back 673

false

Front 674

what are some benefits of WB?

Back 674

(1)inhibit spasicity (2)prevents soft tissue shortening in the long flexors (3)

Front 675

should you have a stroke pt WB on their palm of their hand?

Back 675

false bc trigger flexor synergy and

Front 676

T or F
a stroke pt should WB on palm of hand not fingers

Back 676

false

Front 677

T or F
proximal recovery always occurs before distal recovery

Back 677

false

Front 678

T or F
WB is a prequiste for reaching

Back 678

false

Front 679

is WB a prerequiste for reaching?

Back 679

no

Front 680

T or F
UE edema is first seen in both limbs

Back 680

false

Front 681

what can cause edema (4)

Back 681

(1)entrapment of postural change that is cuasing impingement (2)decrese activity of the vascular mm pumping(decreased active movement and use) (3)development of abnormal sympathetic nerve response (4)blood clot (5)if have cancer bc of tumor

Front 682

T or F
in stroke pts, specfiic treatment has been proven advantageous over other physical methods for reducing edema

Back 682

false no proven strategy

Front 683

what is the most effective treatment for edema?

Back 683

corticosteriods

Front 684

what does RSD stand for?

Back 684

reflex sympathetic dystrophy

Front 685

what are the differ stages of RSD? (3)

Back 685

(1)stage 1- burning pain that worsens, paresthesias resulting from light touch. pitting edema of dorsum of hand. digitial and wrist movement decreases (2)stage 2-may last 9 months..worsening pain and shiny skin (3)stage iii-may last 2 years or more. fingertips take on penical point apperance due to mm atrophy

Front 686

in RSD, why can hand edema cause decrease wrist ext and digit movement?

Back 686

from overstretching of the ext mm and loss of tendosis

Front 687

NAME
during this stage of this, may last 2 years or more. fingertips take on penical point apperance due to mm atrophy

Back 687

stage iii of RSD

Front 688

NAME
during this stage of this disese,
may last 9 months..worsening pain and shiny skin

Back 688

stage ii of RSD

Front 689

NAME
during the stage of this, burning pain that worsens, paresthesias resulting from light touch. pitting edema of dorsum of hand. digitial and wrist movement decreases occurs

Back 689

stage i of RSD

Front 690

what can cause peripheral edema?

Back 690

DVT or phelebtis

Front 691

perioheral edema usually develops in people w (1)

Back 691

clots or vascular disorders

Front 692

persons w hemiparesis are high risk for developing (1)in their affected arm

Back 692

clots

Front 693

what are some signs of DVT or peripheral edema?

Back 693

pain in calf

Front 694

what are some eval methods that can be used to measure edema?

Back 694

(1)circumferintal 92)skin temp (3)mositure (4)skin color (5)firmness (6)pain (7)loss of mobility (8)BP (9)sesnory assessment (10)assess AROM

Front 695

T or F
you should force edematous E through full PROM

Back 695

false may cause more damage

Front 696

T or F
you should take somone BP in their hand w swelling and supesct DVT

Back 696

false

Front 697

what are some treatments for edema? (2)

Back 697

(1)posture and positioning (2)manual massage (3)RSD-modailiates, contrast bathes,

Front 698

what are some contraindications for positoning, masseges (treatments for edema)?

Back 698

Right sided heart failure (2)no positional elevation or pneumatic massage or air splints for pts w DVTs and phelebits, hx of CHF or renal failure or pt on anticoagulants

Front 699

when should penmatic messages and positional elevation not be used to treat edema? (no air splints either)

Back 699

(1)DVTs or phlebitis (2)pt on anticoagulants (3)hx of CHF (4)pts chronic or renal faliure

Front 700

T or F
the pt has a hx of CHF and is on anticoagulants. and has edema. a effective treatment approach is to elevate the E and do passage massages

Back 700

false will cause damage

Front 701

T or F
the pt supsected of having a DVT and has edema in E. a effective treatment approach is to elevate the E and do passage massages

Back 701

false

Front 702

T or F
the person ahs R sided heart failure and edema in E. in affective treatment is to elevate is E

Back 702

false will cuase damage

Front 703

when should positional elevation not be used? to treat edema

Back 703

in right sided heart faliure

Front 704

how do you position person lying on hemiplegic side? (8)

Back 704

the pt back should be parallel w the edge of the bed (2)the pt head is symmetricly but not extreme flexion (3)sh is fully protracted w at least 90 degrees of should fl (4)the forearm is supinated and the elbow flexed (5)the patient hand is placed under a pillow (6)the unaffected pillow is placed on a pillow (7)the affected leg is slightly flexed at the knee w hip ext (8)a pillow can be placed behind pt for suport/prevent rolling backward

Front 705

NAME
this bed position is the prefered position for hemplegic pt

Back 705

lying on a hemiplegic side

Front 706

why should the hemiplegic arm when lying on affected side be placed in greater then 90 degrees of elbow flex?

Back 706

less then that encourage synergy flex

Front 707

how do you position person lying on hemiplegic side? (8)

Back 707

the pt back should be parallel w the edge of the bed (2)the pt head is symmetricly but not extreme flexion (3)sh is fully protracted w at least 90 degrees of should fl (4)the forearm is supinated and the elbow flexed (5)the patient hand is placed under a pillow (6)the unaffected pillow is placed on a pillow (7)the affected leg is slightly flexed at the knee w hip ext (8)a pillow can be placed behind pt for suport/prevent rolling backward

Front 708

why is important to have the pt lying on hemiplegic side?

Back 708

(1)WB on affected side (2)encourages ER at the sh

Front 709

describe how you would position w stroke pt

lying on the non-hemiplegic side (6)

Back 709

(1)the position in the back should be parallel w the edge of the bed (2)the head is symmetricy (3)the sh is fully protracted w shoulder in at least 90 degrees of flexion (4)the arm and hand are fully supported by pillow (5)the wrist should not be allowed to drop into flexion (6)the affected lower ex is in hip and knee flex and fully supported on a pillow

Front 710

describe how you would position w stroke pt

lying on the non-hemiplegic side (6)

Back 710

(1)the position in the back should be parallel w the edge of the bed (2)the head is symmetricy (3)the sh is fully protracted w shoulder in at least 90 degrees of flexion (4)the arm and hand are fully supported by pillow (5)the wrist should not be allowed to drop into flexion (6)the affected lower ex is in hip and knee flex and fully supported on a pillow

Front 711

describe how you would position
a stroke pt

lying supine (4)

Back 711

(1)the head should be symmetrical on the pillow (2)the body and trunk are symmetrical (3)a pillow is placed under the affected shoulder (no more level then other sh (4)the affected arm is fully supported w pillow w elbow ext, and supination

Front 712

describe how you would position
a stroke pt

lying supine (4)

Back 712

(1)the head should be symmetrical on the pillow (2)the body and trunk are symmetrical (3)a pillow is placed under the affected shoulder (no more level then other sh (4)the affected arm is fully supported w pillow w elbow ext, and supination

Front 713

why should a therapist never place a pillow under a stroke pts knees? or a foot board at the end of thebed?

Back 713

(1)encourages ext synergy (2)knee flex contractures (3)

Front 714

how often should a stroke pt be moved when positioned in bed?

Back 714

every 2 hrs

Front 715

what are the benefits of good positionign for stroke pts? (4)

Back 715

(1)WB normalized tone nad inhbits spasicity (2)WB increases the awareness of the hemiplegic side and increases sensory input (3)WB on the weak side helps to pt to become to less fearful (4)lengthening of the hemiplegic side inhibits spasicity

Front 716

T or F
somone has pusher syndrome you would put them in parallel bars

Back 716

false

Front 717

T or F
there is eveidence support hte use of handling

Back 717

false

Front 718

if you are D on vision the person will have trouble in (1)

Back 718

moving around in dark room

Front 719

T or F
it is a good idea to give a person w stroke a walker

Back 719

false

Front 720

why is bad to allow the person shoulder to be higher then the otehr shoulder?

Back 720

the anterior subluxation can occur at the joint

Front 721

NAME
this is moving by changing body position or location by transfering from one place to another by occupying or moving or manipulating objects, by walking, running or climbing, and by using various forms of transportation

Back 721

functional mobility

Front 722

postural adjustments can only be learned where?

Back 722

expected context

Front 723

T or F
carrying out skilled rolling, sitting, and standing does not depend soely on the integrity of hte neuromusculoskeletal system

Back 723

false

Front 724

what is homonymous hemianospia is more common w (1)damage

Back 724

right hiemisphere

Front 725

T or F
homoonyous hemianospia os more common w people w left hemisphere damge

Back 725

false

Front 726

hemi inattention often occurs in people w (1)damage

Back 726

R cerebral lesions inolving the parieatl and cerebral lobes

Front 727

NAME
this often occurs in people w R cerebral lesions involving the parietal and cerebral lobes

Back 727

hemi-inattention

Front 728

what is hemi inattention?

Back 728

failure to orient to respond to or report stimuli presented on the side contralateral to the cerebral lesion

Front 729

NAME
this is failure to orient to respond to or report stimuli presented on the side contralateral to the cerebral lesion

Back 729

hemi inattention

Front 730

perceptual processing is general asssociated w (1)hemisphere damage

Back 730

R

Front 731

give some exs of perceputal processing problems?

Back 731

depth percetion (2)distance (3)orientation (4)position (5)firgue ground

Front 732

NAME
disroder skilled, purposeful movement in the absence of motor functioning and comprehension

Back 732

apraxia

Front 733

what is apraxia?

Back 733

inabiltiy ot motor plan

Front 734

NAME
this is trouble motor planning

Back 734

apraixa

Front 735

NAME
this is general state of readniess to process sensory info and organize a response

Back 735

arousal

Front 736

what is arousal?

Back 736

general state of readiness to process sensory ino and organize a response

Front 737

what must you frist be able to do for learnign to take place?

Back 737

attend

Front 738

awareness problems is correlated w problems w (1)

Back 738

right frontal lobe and temporal lobes and size of lesion

Front 739

NAME
this is correlated w right frontal lobe and temporal lobe damage and size of lesion

Back 739

awareness impairements

Front 740

which is better
showing the ct how to do it?
or verbalizing it?

Back 740

showing

Front 741

aphasia is normal associated w (1)damage

Back 741

L

Front 742

what aphasia affect? (8)

Back 742

(1)auditory comprenhesion (2)verbal expression (3)repetition (4)naming (5)oral reading (6)reading (7)comprehension (8)written expression

Front 743

what are some tips for dealing w somone who has aphasia? (4)

Back 743

(1)give person time to respond (2)encourage pt to use gestures to communicate (3)ask simple, questions, use gestures (4)tactile cues

Front 744

what are some guidlines for people w R sided damge?

Back 744

(1)min distractions (2)have pt demo comprehension (3)may be insenesitve to facial expression of others...my themsevlves be devoid of facial expressions

Front 745

what do functional mobility tasks require?

Back 745

the indvl to stabilze the body in space or exhibit dynamic postural control

Front 746

NAME
for this the indval is required abiltiy ot stabilze the body in space or exhibit dynamic postural cotnrol

Back 746

functional mobility

Front 747

what are (3) major requirements for locomotion that apply to all functional tasks?

Back 747

(1)progression or movement in desired direction (2)ability to stabilze the body against the F of g (3)the ability to make changes in movement in relation to specific tasks w. in differ environments

Front 748

what is required for briding, rolling, sidelying to sit?

Back 748

gain control of flexors and exte patterns of trunk

Front 749

what is TLR stand for?

Back 749

tonic labyrinth neck reflex

Front 750

what is the TLR?

Back 750

when tilting the head back while supine caueses the back to stiffen and arch backwards caues theleges to straighten, stiffen, and push togethers and caueses the toes to point

Front 751

NAME
this occurs when when tilting the head back while supine caueses the back to stiffen and arch backwards caues theleges to straighten, stiffen, and push togethers and caueses the toes to point

Back 751

TLR

Front 752

what is ATNR?

Back 752

when the in prone, the arm andleg on the side to which the face is turned extend and the arm and leg on the opp side bend

Front 753

NAME
this is when n prone, the arm andleg on the side to which the face is turned extend and the arm and leg on the opp side bend

Back 753

TNR

Front 754

what is the differ btwn TLR AND ATLR?

Back 754

(1)TLR


occurs when when tilting the head back while supine caueses the back to stiffen and arch backwards caues theleges to straighten, stiffen, and push togethers and caueses the toes to point
(2)ATLR-n prone, the arm andleg on the side to which the face is turned extend and the arm and leg on the opp side bend

Front 755

NAME
this helps prepare for advanced moveemnt combo of hip ext and knee flex

Back 755

briding

Front 756

what does briding help w?

Back 756

prepare for advanced movement combo of hip ext and knee flex

Front 757

what does briding require?

Back 757

(1)combo of hip flex and abd (2)ext/flex trunk

Front 758

what should you watch out for when a person is bridging?

Back 758

(1)be careful pt does not use extensory pattern


characeterized by ext of hips, overearching of the back, and pushing head into mat/surface

Front 759

what should you have a person do once can bridge?

Back 759

have them lift unaffected foot off mat while maintaing pelvis level..place more demang on obliques

Front 760

when do bridging and having them life unaffected foot off ma? what is the point of this?

Back 760

to put more demand on the obliques

Front 761

when rolling movement of head and trunk is initiated by the (1)

Back 761

shoulder gridle w a unitlateral lift of the leg.

Front 762

T or F
rotation of the spine is necessary to roll

Back 762

false

Front 763

when rolling towards hemiside
what should you do?

Back 763

(1)make sure arm is protracted (have hold arms and reach out) (2)have pt lift unaffected arm and leg up and foward across the body -should be down w.out the pt pushing against the supporting surface w the unaffected foot (3)return to supine-w unaffected leg in abduction (4)once can do this have htem lift head to roll

Front 764

how should pt rolling towards uninolved side?

Back 764

(1)bring affected arm along (2)therapist positions him leg in hip and knee flexion to break up extensory synergy (3)can also be done by having pt flex both legs to roll

Front 765

how does a person w stroke sit up?

Back 765

supine to side-lying to sit

Front 766

what does it require for a person w stroke w sit up (supine to side-lying to sit)

Back 766

requires lateral movement of the neck and trunk (2)ecentric mm activity

Front 767

STOPED HERE

Back 767

STOPPED HERE

Front 768

what is a compoent of movement?

Back 768

the range of movement for a given body segement required for a paticular effective mvoement strategiy

Front 769

NAME
this is the range of movement for a given body segement required for particular effective movement strategy

Back 769

compoennt of mvoeemnt

Front 770

NAME
this is component of movement taht is required by an effecitve mvoement strategy but is either absen or avialbe in diminshed capacity

Back 770

missing compoonant of mvoement

Front 771

a movement strategy becomes increasingly ineffective when (1)

Back 771

as its number of missing components increases

Front 772

T or F
a single impairment may affect many components of mvoement and single component of movement may be affected by multiple impairments

Back 772

true

Front 773

what are some reasons that could cause loss of component of movement such as extension of the elbow..


such as when brushing your hair?

what could indicate if person is bringing head down to instead of extending elbow? (8)

Back 773

(1)hypotonicity of the elbow ext
(2)hypertonicity of the elbow flexors
(3)weakness of elbow ext
(4)loss of ROM of elbow ext
(5)sensory loss in E
(6)proprioceptive loss in E
(7)motor apraxia (8)synegry patterns-cant isolate out mm

Front 774

Vibrator can be used for (1)

Back 774

Mm re-education

Front 775

T or F
Vibrators have long lasting effects

Back 775

false

Front 776

NAME
This is a core element of movement that requires a BOs, a healthy soft tissue, structural integrity of joints, and an adequate ROM

Back 776

Alignment f body segments

Front 777

What does alignment of body segements require?

Back 777

(1)BoS (2)healthy soft tissue (3)structural integrity of joints (4)ROM

Front 778

Ideal alignment results in optimal (1)

Back 778

Length tension relationships for mm fibers and increases potential for mm activiation

Front 779

T or F
Developmental sequences are recommoneded in contemparty NDT courses

Back 779

false

Front 780

T or F
NDT still assumes that positions simply for the sake of achieving a developmental milestone

Back 780

false

Front 781

T or F
Adults are not expected to go through development sequences before they work on higher kills in the NDT approach

Back 781

true

Front 782

What is needed for a rehab strategy to provide promote recovery rather then compensation? (3)

Back 782

)active participation in motor skill learning (2)specific skills training and strengthening that is directed toward hemiparietic limbs (3)intense, task specific practice that optimizes the sensorimotor experience of the task training

Front 783

What are the core principles of NDT? (6)

Back 783

(1)indivuduilze functional outcomes (2)emphasize motor control (3)increase active use of the involved side (4)provide practice to improve motor performance leading to motor learning (5)
Teach a 24 hour management to increase rentention and carryover
(6)
Use an interdisciplinary apporach

Front 784

NAME
The core principles of this approach for treating strokes is to indivudalzie functional outcomes, emphaise motor control, increase active use of involved side, provide practice to improve mtoor performance leading to mtoor learning, teach 24 hour management to increase retention and carry over, and use an interdisciplinary approach

Back 784

NDT

Front 785

What is the reflex inhibitory pattern that can be used on the involved side?

Back 785

Trying to break up synergy pattern
So start proximal and move distal

(1)proximal-start w er sh then supine then ext then etc

Front 786

NAME
This is the intial reason for the use of ineffective motor movement strategies in adult clts w hemiplegia

Back 786

loss of motor control

Front 787

Why is important to encourage active use of the involved side?

Back 787

Bc allows the oppoturnity of neuroplasicity on the side of the cerebral cortex(2)reduce the chance of learned non use

Front 788

What does effective use of NDT require?

Back 788

Movements that are practiced in the context of functional activities

Front 789

When practice ADLS, what should the therapist do that can help carry over in NDT?

Back 789

Use matrieals of clients such as hairbrush etc not hospitals stuff

Front 790

In NDT< how should you go about accessing functional activities?

Back 790

Break into the ineffective movement strategies then missing components (which are their underlying impairments)

Front 791

By id functional activity limitations the ot can indivudialize functiona

Back 791

Reimbursable

Front 792

According the NDT< what should ot s do in regards to documentation

Back 792

Doc ct intial functional limitations then doc cts functina limitations after intervention and improvements

Front 793

NAME
This results from the use of ineffective movement strategies

Back 793

Functional activity limitations

Front 794

What must the therapists do to understand the a ct’s ineffective movement patterns?

Back 794

Understand the effective movement strategies require for activity

Front 795

NAME
These are strategies that are used when all compenets of movement require for a specific activity are available

Back 795

Effective movement strategies

Front 796

What are effective movement strategies?

Back 796

Are strategies that are used when all components of a movement require a specific activity are available

Front 797

NAME
These strategies are used routinely by “healthy people”

Back 797

Effective movement strategies

Front 798

Why is it important to have effective movement strategies? (3)

Back 798

They are efficient (2)allow for increased endurance (3)they result in increase balance and activity

Front 799

When are ineffective movement strategies used?

Back 799

When all compoenents of movement required for a planned activity are not available

Front 800

NAME
These are used when all compoenents of a movement required for a planned activity are not available

Back 800

Ineffective movement strategies

Front 801

T or F
Ineffective movement strategies are automatic

Back 801

false

Front 802

What is one problem w ineffective movements?

Back 802

(1)require high concentration level (2)not auto (3)require excessive effort, and tme (4)causing fatigue (5)nor efficient

Front 803

air splints are good for what?

Back 803

(1)for low tone (2)
inhibits spasticis (3)sensation (4)stability (5)primarly used in pts w decreased pripcetion
before reflex inhibitory reflex

Front 804

T or F
air splint should go into the axilla

Back 804

false

Front 805

compare the differ ways to position stroke patients

ex)
sidelying on hemi side
sidelying on non hemi side

Back 805

Hemi side
- (AFFECTE SIDE)protracted scapula and flex of 90 degrees
-foearm sup and ext w wrist neutral, finger ext and thumb abd supportedby pillow
-do not want laying on head of humerus
-affectedLE- pillow to support
-want in hip ext w slight knee flex
-parallel to EOB
-sym trunk and neck etc

Non hemi side
-parallel to EOB
-scapula protracted on affected side w wrist neutral, finger ext, and thumb abd
-supported by pillow
-affected LE- hip flex/knee flex supported by pillow but not on soles of feet

Front 806

what is the brunstrum appoarch

Back 806

says that flaccid and spastici and reflexive movements in CVA are normal and needd for normal volitiotional control to return

Front 807

what is the differ btwn heavy work and skill?

Back 807

(1)heavy work-
proximal-mobile.mm contracting
distal-fixed/stabilzing

(2)skill
proximal-stable/fixed
distal-mobile/moving

Front 808

compare the differ ways to position stroke patients

ex)
sidelying on hemi side
sidelying on non hemi side
laying supine

Back 808

(1)sidelying hemi side
-parallel to bed
-head,neck, and trunk sym
-make sure not lying on head of humerus and scapual fully protracted and sh in greater then 90 degrees of flex
-arm supported by pillow (do not want wrist flex)
-elbow in supination and flex
unaffected arm has pillow
affected leg slightly in hip ext and knee flex supported by pillow



(2)sidelying on o nonhemi side

-parallel to EOB
head and trunk sym
sh protracted and wb w at least 90 degrees of sh flex
affected UE supported w no wrist flex
affected lower e-in hip/knee flex on pillow

supine-
head/trunk/shoulders are symmetric
parallel to EOB
a pillow under sh
affected arm in elbow ext and supination w supported by pillow

Front 809

what does ATNR stand for?

Back 809

assymetrical tonic neck reflex

Front 810

what does STNR stand for?

Back 810

symmetric tonic neck reflex

Front 811

what does TLR stand for?

Back 811

tonic labrinthine reflex

Front 812

what is the ATNR?

Back 812

tested in supine or sitting

when the face is turned

Front 813

what is the TNR?

Back 813

tested in supine or sitting


when person turns head

the arm towards the face (direction turned) goes into extensor pattern (increase E tone ...arm extends and tight fist)


the opp arm goes into flexor synergy (flexor tone increases and hand extends and raises)q

Front 814

what is the STNR?

Back 814

tested in sitting or quadruped


response to head flex=

flex UE
ext LE

response to neck ext

ext of UE
flex of LE

Front 815

with STNR, what happens if you extend the neck?

Back 815

extend UE and flex LE

Front 816

with STNR, what happens if you flex the neck?

Back 816

the UE will flex and the LE will extend

Front 817

what is the TLR?

Back 817

tested in supine or prone


in supine- the pt will

extensor tone will increase (extensor synergy in UE and LE)

demo on self see pic

they will tilt the head back causing the back to stiffen arch, push legs together, toes point and arms bend/wrist in fists

(extpatterns UE- scapual abd, and depression, sh add, ir, elbow ext, and pronation, and wrist and finger flex or ext

ext pattern LE-
hip add, ext, ir, knee ext, plantarflex and inversion)

IN PRONE

will go into flexor synergy patterns..arms and legs will curl up

(Flex-UE-scacpualr add, elveatio nof sh, abd, er, elbow flex, sup, wrist flex, finger flex)
FlexLE-hip flex, knee flex, abd, er, ankle dorsifelxion and eversion)

Front 818

what is the differ btwn

TNR
STNR
TLR

Back 818

(1)TNR-
supine
whe head is turned
towards arm that face turned- will go into ext synergy (fist etc) and opp arm will go into flexor synergy of UE

STNR
when head flex (UE flex and LE ext)
when head ext (UE ext and Le flex)


TLR
in supine
triggers-ext pattern in UE and LE

tilts head back, back arches, and toes point

in prone

triggers the flex synergy in UE and LE

arms curl up and leg and hip/knee flex

Front 819

what is the differ btwn the

TNR

STNR

TLR

Back 819

(1)TNR-
supine
whe head is turned
towards arm that face turned- will go into ext synergy (fist etc) and opp arm will go into flexor synergy of UE

STNR
when head flex (UE flex and LE ext)
when head ext (UE ext and Le flex)


TLR
in supine
triggers-ext pattern in UE and LE

tilts head back, back arches, and toes point

in prone

triggers the flex synergy in UE and LE

arms curl up and leg and hip/knee flex

Front 820

describe Jeniffer gait

Back 820

L leg has longer stride length
R shorter stride step


ALFO is heavy and having to hike hip

doesnt want to WB

Front 821

when moving stroke pts lying down working on bed mobiltiy? what should you do break up the extensor pattern?

Back 821

bring hip into flex as much as can ankle in dorsiflexion w inversion

Front 822

NAME
this is the worst therauptuic position

Back 822

supine

Front 823

what is the D1 flex pattern

id spec movements

Back 823

(1)sh flex, add ,er
scapula elveation, abd and rot
elbow flex or ext
sup
wrist flex in radial side
finger flex
thumb and finger add

Front 824

what is the D1 ext pattern?
id spec movements used

Back 824

sh ext, abd, ir
scapula depression, add, and rotation
elbow flex or ext
pronation
wrist ext towards ulnar side
finger ext/abd
thumb palamar abd

Front 825

what is the d2 flex pattern?
id spec movements

Back 825

sh flex, abd, er
scapula elevation, add, and rotation
elbow ext or flex
sup
wrist ext to radial side
thumb ext
finger ext and abd

Front 826

what is the d2 ext patterns?
id spec movements

Back 826

sh ext, add, and ir
scapula depression, abd, and rot
pronation
wrist flex to ulnar side
finger flex/add
thumb opposition

Front 827

give some exs of when you might use d1 ext patterns

Back 827

pushing a car door open from inside (2)tennis backhand stroke (3)rolling from prone to supine

Front 828

NAME
ex of this d pattern movement include
pushing a car door open from inside

Back 828

d1 ext

Front 829

ID D MOVEMENT
tennis backhand stroke

Back 829

d1 ext

Front 830

ID D MOVEMENT
rolling from supine to pron

Back 830

d1 flex

Front 831

give an ex of of d1 flexmovements? (4)

Back 831

(1)hand to mouth motion in feeding (2)tennis forehand (3)combing hair on opp side(4)rlling from supine to prone

Front 832

ID D MOVEMENT
hand to mouth motion in feeding

Back 832

d1 flex

Front 833

ID D MOVEMENT
tennis forehand

Back 833

d1 flex

Front 834

ID D MOVEMENT
combing hair w hand op side

Back 834

d1 flex

Front 835

ID D MOVEMENT
rolling from supine to prone

Back 835

d1 flex

Front 836

give some exs of d2 flex movements?

Back 836

(1)combing hair on R side of the head w the R hand (2)lifting a racquet in a tennis serve (3)back stroke in swimming

Front 837

ID D MOVEMENT
combing hair on R side of the head w R side

Back 837

d2 flex

Front 838

ID D MOVEMENT
lifting a reachquet in a tennis serve

Back 838

d2 flex

Front 839

ID D MOVEMENT
back stroke in swimming

Back 839

d2 flex

Front 840

give some examples of d2 ext ?

Back 840

(1)pitching a baseball (2)hitting a ball in a tennis serve (3)buttoning pants on the left side w R hand

Front 841

ID D MOVEMENT
pitching a baseball

Back 841

d2 ext

Front 842

ID D MOVEMENT
hitting a ball in a tennis serve

Back 842

d2 ext

Front 843

ID D MOVEMENT
buttoning pants on the left side w R hand

Back 843

d2 ext

Front 844

ID D MOVEMENT
rolling from prone to supine

Back 844

d1 ext

Front 845

when is stretch used? purpose for PNF?

Back 845

to intiatie vol movement and enhance speed and response and strenght of weak mm

Front 846

what is the max R?

Back 846

says that stronger mm and patterns reinforace weak ones


objective to maintain the effort on part on ct w.out breajk cts hold


is the greatest amount of R that can be applied to an active contraction w allowing full ROM to occur or an isometric contraction

Front 847

T or F
max R is the greatest amount of R a therapist can apply

Back 847

false

Front 848

NAME
this refers to teh greatest amount of R that can be applied to an acitv contraction w allowing full ROM to occur or an isometric contraction

Back 848

max R

Front 849

according to PNF? how do you apply stretch?

Back 849

must inolve a D1 (rotation)

have person move arm into d1 patterns as much as possible when goes as far as can

give them a quick stretch in opp direction (to antagnosst) in this case ir (weak mm-er), then have go further and repeat

Front 850

what is key to PNF when doing it?

Back 850

must inolve a rotation component

Front 851

when you extend your wrist what happens to the ext?

Back 851

they are tight

Front 852

what happens to your wrist ext when you flex your wrist?

Back 852

they are loose (length)

Front 853

what happens to wrist flex when you flex wrist?

Back 853

tight

Front 854

when is quick stretch contraindicated?

Back 854

when R to antagnosist my increase pain and spasicity such as in


stroke pt

quick stretch to work on finger ext will only increase flexor synergy pattern

Front 855

T or F
it is a good idea for the therapist to use a quick stetrch to the finger ext to improve faciliate the mm

Back 855

false (increases tone and encourage flex pattern)

Front 856

what are some PNF techniques that are directed at the agonist? (2)

Back 856

(1)repeated contractions (2)rhythmic initiation

Front 857

what is an istonic contractio nof a mm?

Back 857

just mean the mm is moving/contracting

Front 858

what is the PNF techqniue of repeated contractions?

Back 858

vol movement is facilaited w stretch and R using isometric and isotonic contractions

ex)want to increase trunk flexion

tbe ct bends fowards as far as possible. at point where active motion weakens, the ct is ask to hold isometric contraction. then they are ask to isotonic contraction, facilaited by stetrch as the ct is asked to reach towards feet and the sequence is repeated either until ct fatigues or ct is able to reach floor

Front 859

what is the purpose of repeated contractions?for PNF?

Back 859

used to increase ROM, endurance, and strength

Front 860

what is the PNF techqniue of repeated contractions?

Back 860

vol movement is facilaited w stretch and R using isometric and isotonic contractions

ex)want to increase trunk flexion

tbe ct bends fowards as far as possible. at point where active motion weakens, the ct is ask to hold isometric contraction. then they are ask to isotonic contraction, facilaited by stetrch as the ct is asked to reach towards feet and the sequence is repeated either until ct fatigues or ct is able to reach floor

Front 861

what is the PNF procedure rhythmic initiation?

Back 861

HAND POSITION-
push in the direction the pt is beign pushed...be behind pt (like your hand is there hand)===agonist is faciliated w R to antagonist

involves vol relxation, passive movement, and repeated istonic contractions.

the verbal command is "relax and let me move you, . as relaxation is felt, the commonand is now you do it w me," after several repetitions of active movement, the R may be given to reinforace the movements then have do by self

reinforces the sensory input

Front 862

why is PNF procedure rhytmic intiation used?

Back 862

to improve a problem w Parkinsons disease or apraxia

Front 863

NAME
this PNF techqniue can be used to improve a problem w Parkinsons disease or apraxia

Back 863

rhythmic initiation

Front 864

what is slow reversal?

Back 864

as the person goes through the movement you apply R to the antagonist)

is an isotonic contraction (against R ) of the antagonist followed by an isotonic contraction of the agonist

ex person has d1 flex weakness


an isotnic contraction against R in D1 ext w the verbal command" push down and out" followed by an isotnic D1 flex against R w the verabal comamnd pull up and across

(Ex can go into D1 flex but can go down)
apply R to opp movement into D1 flex then switch sides of R and go into D1 ext
agonist-ext
antagonost-flex

Front 865

when doing PNF, if person doesnt respond what should u do?

Back 865

provide quick stretch

Front 866

what is stabilziing reversals?

Back 866

by alternating isotnic contractions opposed by enough R to prevent motion

in practice the ct gives R to the ct in one direction whil asking the ct to oppose the F allowing no motion

once can handle F change to differe direction until person adapt hten change direction again

Front 867

what is rhytmic stabilziation used?

Back 867

to increase stabiltiy by elicting simulataneous isometric contractions of antagonistic mm groups
ct is not allow to relax

Front 868

what is rhytmic stabilziation

Back 868

want the person to co contractions/hold in position (supine in flex).

want to push in direction of mm
hands on both the agonist/anatanogist

(if goes into flex push on ext mm)

PUSH ON OPP MM being used

Front 869

according to pnf, if you push on the antagonist?

Back 869

it should facilaite the agonist

Front 870

when is rhytmic stabilziation contradicted?

Back 870

in cardiac pts bc they may hold their breath

Front 871

T or F
it is a good idea to a rhytmic stabilization on a caridac pt

Back 871

false could hold breath and SOB

Front 872

when are relxation tehcniques used?

Back 872

to increase ROM in the presensce of pain or spasicity


ex)such as when mm are tight
ex)person is supine and ask to raise sh up into flex...sh should drop over head bc g pulls down however doesnt why?
bc ext are tight and not allowing to go into flex so use relax tech to get ext mm to relax and allow flex to move

trying to fatigue mm so relaxes

Front 873

NAME
these PNF techqniues are used to increase ROM esp w spasicity and pain

Back 873

relaxation tech

Front 874

a person is supine and asked to raise arm up and strops a neck level?
why doesnt his arm just drop back?
g should pull down

Back 874

bc ext are tight (overworking) and prevetnign his arm from going back

Front 875

what is contract relax? and give an ex of how /when used

Back 875

ex)such as when mm are tight
ex)person is supine and ask to raise sh up into flex...sh should drop over head bc g pulls down however doesnt why?
bc ext are tight and not allowing to go into flex so use relax tech to get ext mm to relax and allow flex to move

trying to fatigue mm so relaxes



so have pt bring arm into flex (far as go) say relax then push into ext then say raise your arm and cont w sequence

Front 876

what is hold relax?

Back 876

performed in same way as contract relax but want pt to hold (isometirc contraction)

Front 877

when is the hold relax techique beneficial?

Back 877

in the presensce of RSD w pain (ortho conditions).

pt is asked to hold the desired postion then relax and etc

Front 878

what is the slow reverisal hold relax techinque?

Back 878

pt is asked to complete movement w R

then hold there

ex)person has tight elbow flexors and want to increase elbow ext

therapists ask ct to perform D1 w elbow flex w R to flexors then the ct is asked to hold end range then relax

Front 879

what is rhytmic rotation?

Back 879

therapist passively moves the body though desired pattern. when the tightness or restriction of movement is felt, the therapist rotates the body part slow and rhytmically in both directions