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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why isn’t hearing aid enough?
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-One-on-one conversation
-Group Conversation -TV Reception -Telephone -Environmental Sounds |
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Ambient noise
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Noise in Unoccupied Room
(ie fluorescent lights, fans, ect..) |
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Reverberation
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Echoes from sound bouncing of hard surfaces
(walls, floors, and ceiling) |
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Background noise
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Undesirable noise that MASKS the wanted signal
(people talking/shuffling) Normal hearing best at 7-11db SNR Elderly, kids, and nonnative speakers need more SNR |
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Distance from speaker
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At 1-3ft people speak 50-65db SPL- not always possible to be this close, so overcome:
-ALDS -Speaker wears mic and transmitter -Receiver/speaker on or near person with hearing loss |
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Hard-wired systems
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Advantages: Favorable SNR, Less Expensive, User controls volume, little interference
Disadvantages: Not as portable, ↓ cosmetically appealing, connected by wires (↓ mobility) |
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Wireless systems: Modes of transmission
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-FM
-Induction -Infrared -Simple Amp |
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FM
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Sent through air via radio waves, 72-76 MHZ and 216-217 MHZ
-Speaker wears mic/transmitter -Receiver worn by user or speakers |
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FM: Advantages
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Advantages: Indoors & Outdoor, ↓ expensive than IR, No light interference, No interference if transmitter is blocked/covered
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FM: Disadvantages
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Disadvantages: FM Waves travel through doors, FM interference
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Infrared
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Uses light waves (invisible), microphone, transmitter/emitter, wireless receiver is a photo detector diode which converts back to audio signal
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Infrared: Advantages
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Advantages: Does not travel through walls=no interference, good for movies/tv,
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Infrared: Disadvantages
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Disadvantages: Must be inline of sight, outside light interfere, more expensive than FM
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Induction Loop
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Loop of wires encircles room, connected to output of an audio power amp, signal from mic, dvd player, tv, or any sound source
-Electromagnetic energy from induction loop to person’s telecoil on HA or CI -Receiver=telecoil on HA (or CI) -If NO HA, telecoil= pocket-size earphones, hand-held wand, plastic ear level case |
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Induction: Advantages
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Advantages: No maintenance of separate receivers, no added hardware, cosmetic appeal
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Induction: Disadvantages
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Vulnerable to electromagnetic interference
(ie fluorescents) Spillover to adjacent rooms, signal strength ↓ with distance, if HA needs repair, loose add’tl amp, not always possible to loop room, installation difficult |
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Simple Amplification
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ie telephone volume control
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Configuration
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-Soundfield
-Single Speaker/toteable -Personal FM |
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Soundfield
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teacher wears mic/transmitter, receiver in room routed to speakers
-8-10db SNR enhance, -benefits all except ASD students and those w/Hearing loss (reverb) -Not portable, seating important, HA and CI do not benefit |
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Single-speaker/toteable
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"bag of sound”, teacher wears mic/transmitter, -receiver/speaker on student’s desk, student receives signal through air,
-more portable than SF, higher SNR than SF, Students don’t wear anything, BUT singles out student, student has to carry with him/her -interference when travels through air |
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Personal
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Teacher wears mic/transmitter, student wears receiver (headphones, induction loop and telecoil around neck)
MOST expensive, for one child |
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Personal FM: WHY THE BEST?
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1.) Speech recognition in noise = MUCH better (goal= +15 SNR)
2.) ↓ Reverb (don’t worry about speaker distance) 3.) SF = 8-10 Db enhancement (HA only provides 6-8 and reverb ↓ this) 4.) Personal FM Provides 15-20 Db enhancement (HIGHEST SNR) 5.) Portable AND ↓obvious than “bag of sound” |
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Hearing assistive technology
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-Visual
-Telephone -Environmental/Altering Sound -Hearing Dogs |
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Factors in selection of an ALD
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- Effectiveness (for patient)
- Affordability-Cosmetics -Operability -Quality/dependability-Portability/Mobility (hardwire/wireless) -Versatility (lifestyle) -Durability-Compatibility(w/HA or CI) -Previous Experience -Need for non-auditory telecommunication (can use voice?) -Need for altering devices -Cultural issues (deaf vs HH), other cultures |
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ADA: 1990, Titles I-V, ALDS covered under this act
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Reasonable accommodations for employers ie amp phones (unreasonable: higher interpreter)
No cost to person @ public entities (schools and U’s) = accommodations under Title II Telephone companies 24/7 Relay and rates have to be same or lower than direct dial call |
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ADA: Our Role
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Our role:
Dispense ALDS (Auds), ALD Maintenance (AUD and SLP), Info on ALD and rights to patients (both) |
