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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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abiotic factor
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nonliving things that affect an ecosystem
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example of abiotic factor
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sunlight, temperature, pH of a lake
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biotic factor
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living factors in an ecosystem
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examples of biotic factors
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squirrels, foxes, grasses, bacteria
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environment
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everything, living and nonliving, that surrounds an organism
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ecosystem
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section of an environment, made of living and nonliving things
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habitat
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specific environment that a species lives in
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examples of habitats
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forest, desert, stream, field
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population
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all the organisms of a species that live in the same area
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community
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all populations that live in a same area
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biosphere*
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the biologically inhabited portion of the planet, extends from the deepest ocean to the high above the atmosphere
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competition
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struggle for RESOURCES
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limiting factors
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factors in the environment that LIMIT the size of the POPULATION
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examples of limiting factors
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amount of oxygen in a lake will limit the # of fish that can live there, food will limit the population in a forest, limited soil will limit the height of plant populations
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predator
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organisms that kill and eat other organisms
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prey
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organisms that are killed for food
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carrying capacity
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# of organisms an ecosystem can support
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niche
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the role a species plays in an ecosystem
2 organisms can not occupy the same niche UNLESS they eat different foods |
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example of a niche
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deer and moose live in the same habitat and they are both HERBIVORES but they eat different plants so there is no FOOD competition
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give an example of a food chain in the forest
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answers will be different, make sure the producer is first, primary consumer is second and secondary consumer is on top
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producer
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makes its own food, PLANTS
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autotroph
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producer, PLANT
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heterotroph
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must get their food by consuming, CONSUMERS
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carnivores
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heterotrophs that eat other animals
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example of an autotroph
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any organism that is a plant
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example of a heterotroph
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owl, fox, tiger, lion, human
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decomposer
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organism that recycles materials so that they can be reused by producers in the soil
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examples of decomposer
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mushroom (fungi) , bacteria
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scavengers*
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eat dead or dying material
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parasite*
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organisms that attack other live organisms, but rarely kill them
example: tape worm |
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biodiversity
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measurement of the degree that a species can vary in an ecosystem,
more biodiversity=more stability/stable |
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reasons biodiversity is important
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more genetic material to be used for medicines, insecticides and other resources
destroying biodiversity=bad, very bad |
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ecological succession
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series of changes that one habitat goes through to change into another habitat until a climax community is developed
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