Regenerative Biology And Medicine 568 Exam 2

Front 1

NSC markers for stemness (6)

Back 1

Nestin
Nrp-1 (Musashi)
EGF receptor
LeX (SSEA-1)
PNA
HAS

Front 2

Immature neuron marker

Back 2

Dc (Double cortin))

Front 3

Mature neuron markers (5)

Back 3

NSE (Neuron-Specific Enolase)
Beta-Tubulin III
NeuN
GABA (NT)
Subtance P (NT)

Front 4

NSC are found

Back 4

Striatum
Lateral Ventricles
Hipposcampus
Spinal Cord
Neural Retina

Front 5

In vivo regeneration of neural tissue occurs in

Back 5

Ventricular walls of Hippocampus (NSC--> granule cells

Lateral Ventricle walls of Telencephalon (Forebrain)

Front 6

NSC that replance OSN (Olfactory Sensory Neurons) come from where

Back 6

Anterior Lateral Ventricles Telencephalon

Front 7

Globose Basal Cells

Back 7

1. Stem cells that give rise to OSN (Olfactory Sensory Neurons) i --> M

2. Sustentacular cells

Front 8

these gives rise to Olfactory Sensory Neurons

Back 8

Globose Basal cells

Horizontal Basal Cells

Front 9

What 2 cell types are important in NSC microniche establishment

Back 9

Endothelial cells of Blood Vessels

Astrocytes

Front 10

Endothelial cells from BV & Astrocytes increase proliferation & differentiation of NSC by using

Back 10

FGF-2
EGF
TGF-alpha
Shh
BMP (into glial cells)
Wnts (probly but no evidence)

Front 11

These keep NSC

Back 11

Delta-(Notch) increases (TF) Hes1

(TF) NRSF/REST

K/O Nrp1,2 --> NSC won’t form neurospheres in culture

Front 12

these TF inhibit genes in NSC proliferation/differentiation

Back 12

NRSF/REST
Hes1
Nrp 1,2

Front 13

Look over dental & make cards if we have time

Back 13

if we have time

Front 14

Muscle:
surrounded by
contains

Back 14

Surrounded by Epimyseum

contains: Perimysium enclosed Fasicles

Front 15

Fasicles
Surrounded by
Contains

Back 15

Surrounded by Perimysium

Contains Endomyseium enclosed Myofibers [endomysial unit]

Front 16

Myofibers
Surrounded by
Contains

Back 16

Surrounded by Endomyseium, BM

Contains: Myofilaments

Front 17

Satellite cells in quiescent state
Surface Markers

Back 17

CD34+ (NEG for CD45, Sca1)
c-Met
CXR
Syndecan 3,4
Notch Receptor
P130

Front 18

Satellite cells in quiescent state
TF

Back 18

Pax 7 (adult)
Pax 3 (embryonic)
MNF

Front 19

These pathways are NOT involved in Satellite cell activation, but are involved in EpSC, ISC, and MSC (bone)

Back 19

Wnt, Shh, BMP

BMP1 may be involved but not in Activation

Front 20

This activates satellite cells

Back 20

Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF)

Front 21

Crushed Muscle Extract contains

Back 21

HGF
FGF-2
TGF-Beta
LIF
PDGF
MGF & 1Ec

Front 22

Satellite cell regulation after injury

Back 22

HGF + c-met --> Activation & proliferation
--> Pax 7 --> MyoD --> Myf5

Differentiation: Myogenin

Front 23

These modulate Satellite cell proliferation = Force Cell into cell cycle

Back 23

PDGF
TGF-Beta
FGF-1,2,6,7,13
LIF
Myostatin
Follistatin

Front 24

Bone

Back 24

Bone

Front 25

These cells are in the Endosteum & Periosteum

Back 25

MSC
Osteoblast progenitors
Osteoblasts

Front 26

these cells are in the stroma

Back 26

Fibroblasts
Adipocytes
macrophages
endothelial cells

Front 27

These increase osteoclasts #

Back 27

RANKL & MSCF

Front 28

These cause osteoblasts to secrete more RANKL & M-CSF

Back 28

IL-1
TNF-alpha
Leptin --> noradrenalin
drop in sex steroids
PTH
1,25-2OH Vit D3
Glucocorticoids
T3

Front 29

These cause Osteoblast precursors to proliferation & differentiation of (8)

I Love Every Big Cunt W/ Purple Freckles

Back 29

IL-6
LIF
EGF
BDGF
CNTF
Wnt
PDGF
FGF-1,2

Front 30

These cause MSC into a skeletal lineage

Back 30

RunX2

Front 31

Macrophages in bone have these receptors - (binds this ligand)

Back 31

RANK - (RANKL)= Juxtacrine

c-Fms - (M-CSF)

Front 32

MSC specific surface marker

Back 32

STRO-1
BMP-1B receptor

Front 33

MSC needs these to produce osteoblast precursors

Back 33

RunX2
Osterix

Front 34

MSC need these to produce Chondroblasts precursors

Back 34

RunX2
SOX9

Front 35

These cause a drop in RANKL & MSCF

Back 35

TSH
Sex Steroids

Front 36

Increases osteogenic competence of MSC

Back 36

BMP 2,4,7

Front 37

These promote proliferation of MSC in bone

Back 37

LIF
IL-6
IL-11
oncostatin M
CNTF
low concentrations of Wnt

Front 38

Promotes differentiation of MSCs into osteoblasts

Back 38

higher concentrations of Wnt

Front 39

Long bones are

Flat bones are

Back 39

endochondral bones

Intramembranous bone

Front 40

what is the organic part of -

Bone

Cartilage

Back 40

90% Col 1, 10% GlycoPro & ProGlyc

Col 2, aggrecan PG

Front 41

enzymes that degrade organic matrix

Back 41

MMP
Cathepsin K

Front 42

bone Fracture: platelets secrete

Back 42

PDGF & TGF-beta

Front 43

Articular Cartilage (hyaline cartilage)

Back 43

Articular Cartilage

Front 44

articular cartilage composition

Back 44

80% water (HA)
Collagen 2
Aggrecan
(small): Col 9 & 11
Hyaline cartilage > calcifed cartilage > Sub-chondral bone

Front 45

Cartilage that is

Vascular
Avascular

Back 45

Calcifed & sub-chondral bone cartilage

Hyaline cartilage

Front 46

Hyline cartilage zones

Back 46

Outer: facese cavity, flattened chondrocytes (3-4)

Middle: Larger chondrocytes arranged in columns

Deep Zone: perpendicular cell layers (compaired to Middle/Outer)

Front 47

Heart

Back 47

Heart

Front 48

C-Kit Neg & SCA-1 NEG

Back 48

Mouse & Humans
juxtacrine
can differentiate in-vitro to fully differentiated cardiomyocytes when co-cultured with fixed neonatal cardiomyocytes (dead cells)

base of the aorta, both atria, and right ventricle

Front 49

this is lost in the Dorsal Iris when the depigment

Back 49

2NI36 (PG)

Front 50

What regulation happens when PEC dedifferentiate

Back 50

loss of 2NI36
FGF1,2 (2 ~complete mitogen)
Thrombin (Fi ->Fa allowing G0-->G1->S)
Down Regulated Rb protein
RAR delta

Front 51

What inhibits FGF1?

CDK?

Back 51

SU5302

SU5916

Front 52

Retinoblatema protein

Back 52

inhibits entry into S phase
Down regulated in PEC after injury b/c Tissue factor activates Thromin
--> Fi-> Fa
Fa down regulates Rb

Front 53

RA

Back 53

binds RAR delta
--> forms complex w/Pax6, Sox2, Six3
--> activates genes for beta & gamma crystallins

Front 54

RPE-1

Back 54

is expressed in RPE cells that are dedifferentiating & proliferating

lost when the differenetiate into Neural Retina

Front 55

Laminin

Back 55

Promotes dedifferentiation & transdifferntiation
found on Vitreal Vascular membrane

Front 56

Mitf

Back 56

stops PEC & RPE from de-differenetiation & transdifferentiation

Front 57

Apical Epidermal Cap
Degrades?

Lays down?

Back 57

gets rid of: laminin, Col2,4

Col 1, Fb, HA, TM

Front 58

Apical Epidermal Cap secretes

Back 58

FGF-8

Front 59

blastema secretes

Back 59

FGF-10

Front 60

Nerves secrete

Back 60

FGF-2
Glial growth factor-2 (Neuregulin)
Transferin
NAG

Front 61

TF that maintains stemness in limb regeneration

Back 61

MSX 1/2
XL sal4
ID-3

Musashi (N-rad in muscle)
rFringe

Front 62

EVi5

Back 62

Axolotl limb regen
stops cell b/f M phase (allowing DNA synthesis)