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821 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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0.22 micrometer
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Min pore size required for membrane filtration for sterilization
|
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1 quart
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960 ml
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10 angstrom
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1 nanometer
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100 clean room
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Not more than 100 particles per cubic ft of 0.5 mcm or larger size
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10-20 mcg/ml
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Normal bld serum conc DILANTIN
|
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10-20%
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% of alcohol found in wine
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120 days
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Life span of RBC
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120mg
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Min weighable quantity for class A rx balance
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12-14 seconds
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Normal range of prothrombin time
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1-5 seconds
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Normal activated partial thromboplastin time
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15%
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Acceptable ratio for 10 yr old rx net profit to net worth
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180mg/dl
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Normal threshold for glucose in the kidney
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1st line antihypertensive agents
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HCTZ, atenolol
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1st pass effect of metabolism
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Rapid degradation of a drug by liver enzymes
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1st trimester
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Risk teratogenesis is highest
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2 variances
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F distribution compares
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2,4,6 trinitrophenol
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High conc of H3O ions when dissolved in water
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200 units of insulin per day
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Insulin resistant
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240mg/dl
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High cholesterol
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253 nm
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Sterilization by UV radiation – wavelength
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2ndary response
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Humoral immunity, antigen recognized by memory cells enters the blood
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2ndary structure of protein
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Alfa-helix, beta sheet, beta bend
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3.5 to 5meq/L
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Normal adult plasma conc of K
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30% of over the labeled potency
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Max % of overages –limited
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320 nm UV light
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Sunscreen products should cover
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5 days
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Ketorolac trmt restricted trmt
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5 fluorouracil
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Fluoronation will result into a well known cancer drug
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5 to 7%
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Acceptable ratio for net profit to net sales
|
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50 units of insulin per day
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Normal pancreas secretion
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65% w/w
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Sucrose conc retard growth of microorganisms
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72 hours
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Partial filling of sched 2
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8 to 10%
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Alcohol content of low iso-alcohol elixir
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80%
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Ribosomal rna
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80-120 ml/min
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Normal renal creatinine clearance
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9 TIMES
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Conc reactant alfa is triple in the rxn that is in 2nd order, rate of rxn would increase
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a. fungi
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Cancidas treat infections
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AAC –antibiotic associated colitis
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Clindamycin-adv effect
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Absolute density
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Ratio of mass of an object measured in a vacuum at specific temp to vol (ml) of an object at the same temp
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Abx trmt UTI
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Cipro, cotrimoxazole, nitrofurantoin
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Acarbose
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Contraindicated for inflammatory bowel dz, colonic ulceration, intestinal obstruction
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Acarbose
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Do not take table sugar
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Acarbose
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Precose
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Accelerated stability testing of pharmaceuticals
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Temperature, humidity, light
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Accidental overdose drug poisoning
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Charcoal plus, actidose with sorbitol, actidose aqua
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Accolate
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Antagonize LTRA rec w/c release SRSA
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Accolate
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LTRA
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Acct receivable collection
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Year end account receivable
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Ac-ti-sol
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Disintegrant in manufacturing tablets
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Acetanilide
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CH3CONHC6H5
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Acetazolamide
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Inhibition of carbonic anhydrase enzyme
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Acetone
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Semipolar solvent
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Acetylcysteine
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Mucolytic or reduce viscosity of mucous
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Achlorhydria
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Stoppage or impaired secretion of HCl in the stomach
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Acid fast stain
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Mycobacterium species of bacteria
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Acid test
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Measures rx liquidity
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Acid test ratio
|
-liquidity of rx, ratio of quick asset to current liability, the closer the current liability to a rx quick asset the more ideal the acid-test ratio
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Action of histamine
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Gastric acid stimulation, vasodilation, contraction of smooth muscle
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Actiq
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Fentanyl
|
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Active immunization
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Mumps, rabies, plague
|
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Active metabolite of primidone-prodrug
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Phenobarbital,PEMA
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Actuary
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Person who works for ins co
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Advair discus
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Fluticasone and salmeterol, bid dosing used for prevention of acute attacks of asthma
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Adverse eff – Insulin therapy
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Hypoglycemia, lipoatrophy, lipohypertrophy
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Adverse effects of aminoglycosides
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Ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, curaremimetic eff
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Aggrenox
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Aspirin, dipyridamole
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Agranulocytosis
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Adv effect of clozaril
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Airborne disease
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Measles
|
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Albumin
|
Major plasma protein involved in drug binding
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Alcohol as disinfectant
|
70% conc alcohol ionizes the best and provides optimum disinfection, wets the skin smoothly and evaporates slowly
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Alfa-methyl noradrenaline
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Acts as false neurotransmitter
|
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Allegation method
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75 25(75% alc)
|
|
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Allegra
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Histamine H1 rec antagonist
|
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Allergic to mesalamine
|
Avoid asacol , pentasa,
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Alpha 1 receptors
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Doxazosin,terazosin, prazosin
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Alpha 2 rec
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Prevents the release of noradrenaline
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Alpha error
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5% - significant
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Alprazolam
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Bz –geriatric pt
|
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Amaryl
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Htn
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Ames test
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To find out if the subs is carcinogenic
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Amifostine
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Cisplatin toxicity
|
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Amiloride
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Diuretic, acts inhibit Na,K, Atpase
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Aminogluthethimide
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Cushing syndrome
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Amlodipine
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CCB
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Ammonium Cl , ammonium nitrate, cacl
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Reduce absorption of acidic drugs
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Amrinone
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Inodilator
|
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Amyl nitrite
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Cyanide poisoining
|
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Anafranil
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OCD
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Analysis of variance
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Check for significance between 2 or more grps of means
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Angiotensin II
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Vasoconstriction
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Angiotensin II antagonist
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Diovan, cozaar, avapro
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Aniline
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Lowest pkb value
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Antabuse
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Avoid taking: synophylate elixir and elixophyline elixir
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Antagonizes action of Opiod drugs
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Naloxone, natrexon, nalmefene
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Anterior pituitary – hormone
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Growth hormones, thyrotropic
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Antihemophilic factor- factor 8
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Pt w/ hemophilia
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Antihistamines with NO sedation prop
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Astemizole, cetirizine, terfenadine
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Antimicrobial agents
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Isopropyl alcohol, phenol, hydrogen peroxide
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Antioxidant
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Addition of ascorbyl palmitate in manufacturing process
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Antitoxin, hyperimmune sera, immuneserum globulin
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Intro of ready made antibodies into a normal person in order to induce immunization against a particular disease
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Antitussive property
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Codeine, dextromethophan, benzonatate
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Anuria
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Absence of secretion of urine by the kidney
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Anzemet
|
BPH ;Monitor with cat scan
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Aplastic anemia
|
Major adv eff of chloramphenicol
|
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Aplastic anemia
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Lack of fxn of bone marrow
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Aplastic anemia
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Drug induced hematological disorder assoc w/ highest morbidity and mortality rates
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APTT
|
Test to monitor heparin therapy
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Arava
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Leflunomide antirheumatic
|
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Arimidex
|
Breast cancer
|
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Arlex
|
Do not use for more than 10 days- allergic conjunctivitis
|
|
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Arm ratio test, rider graduated beam test, shift test
|
Required to check sensitivity of class A weighing prescription balance
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Arthralgia
|
Principal adverse effect of Pyrazinamide
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AST
|
Regularly check- Precose
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Asthma attack elevated levels
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TLC,FRV,RV
|
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Asthma attack- factor trigger
|
Tobacco smoke, exercise, cold air
|
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Atacand
|
Angiotensin II receptor antagonists
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Ativan
|
Sed hyp antiemetic for cancer chemo n/v
|
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Attenuation
|
Process of weakening the disease producing capacity of pathogens
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AUC
|
Amt of drug systematically absorbed
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Avalide
|
Irbesartan and HCTZ
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Avita cream
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Once a day
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Avoid sunlight
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Hydrodiuril, mellaril, sumycin
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Avoid with depression
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Clonidine, methyldopa, reserpine
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Azopt
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Glaucoma
|
|
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B and T lymphocytes
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Immune responses of the body
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Bacteremia
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Presence of bacteria without multiplication in blood
|
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Barium sulfate
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Used for roentgenography for exam of stomach and colon; causes constipation,mix w/ food
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Basic drugs
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Beta globulin, acid glycoprotein
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Baycol
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HMG COA
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Benzyl alcohol
|
Preservative
|
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Beta carotene
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Helps in visual adaptation in darkness
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Beta error
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hypothetical value of a parameter is the same as the observed value of a parameter
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Beta islets of langerhans
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Sulfonylurea stimulates the release of insulin in the pancreas
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Beta max
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0.576 x c
|
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Betapace
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Pretrmt – check creatinine clearance
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Betapace AF
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Dosing admin, PPI
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Bias
|
systematic difference from the true value
|
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Bile acid binding resins
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Questran, colestid, welchol
|
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Bile salt
|
Emulsifying agent for metabolism of lipid in the duodenum
|
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Binomial distribution
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P + Q = 1
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Binomial experiment
|
Each trial results in an outcome that is classified as success or failure, experiment consists of n-repeated trials, probability of success remain constant from trial to trial
|
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Blending
|
Increase in mutual solubility of 2 partially miscible liq by the addition of a 3rd subs
|
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Bleomycin
|
Acts on replication levels of protein synthesis pulmonary fibrosis
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Body mass index
|
Weight (kg) / height (meter) 2
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Bradykinin
|
Causing dry cough receiving ACE
|
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Brethine
|
Severe headaches
|
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Bromocriptine
|
Antiparkinson- dopamine rec agonist
|
|
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Bromocriptine- prolong use
|
Monitor thru pulmonary fxn
|
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Brownian motion
|
Random motion of solute particles in colloidal dispersion
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Brownian motion of colloidal particles reduced by
|
Increasing viscosity of dispersion medium
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Bulk laxatives
|
Metamucil, Citrucel, mitrolan
|
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Bumex
|
Loop diuretic
|
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Bupropion
|
Smoking cessation
|
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Butorphanol
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Opiod nasal spray
|
|
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C = C
|
Requires the greatest amount of energy
|
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C/I in trmt of BPH
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Benadryl, entex, atrohist plus
|
|
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Cabbage and cauliflower
|
Good source of vit k
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Calcarb
|
Highest amount of elementary calcium
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Calcitriol
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Mobilizes bone calcium into blood
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Calcium gluconate
|
Lowest amt of elementary calcium
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Calcium phosphate
|
Diluent avoid with TCN
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Callhydryl lotion, bactrim susp, pen g procaine depot inj
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Carafate
|
Constipation
|
|
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Carboplatin
|
Major side eff; nausea and vomitting
|
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Carrots
|
Vit a source
|
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|
CAT
|
Synthesis of acetylcholine occurs in nerve fibers in the presence of
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|
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Catabolic reaction
|
Breakdown of complex molecules such as protein, lipid and polysaccharide into simple molecules such as carbon dioxide, water and ammonia
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Catapres TTS
|
Replace every week
|
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Category x
|
Restricted during pregnancy
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Cationic agents
|
Class of surfactants widely used as preservative
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Causes hemolytic anemia with G6PD def
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Oxidant drug, ingestion of fava beans, certain types of infection
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Ceftriaxone
|
Meningitis
|
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Certified colors
|
FD and C, D and C, External D and C
|
|
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Chemo induced nausea and vomiting
|
Zofran, kytril, anzemet
|
|
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CHF patients
|
Carefully prescribe doxorubicin, esmolol, daunorobicin
|
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Chi Square test
|
2x2 =1
|
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Chi square test
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Nonparametric statistic
|
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Chi square test
|
a-1 x b-1
|
|
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Chloride ions
|
Assoc with gaba rec to produce tranquilizing effects
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|
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Chlormerodrin(radioisotope)
|
Pharmaceutical use- localize brain tumors
|
|
|
Chlorpropamide
|
Sulfonylurea –diabetes insipidus
|
|
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Chlorpropamide
|
Diabetic drug-produce disulfiram rxn w/ alc
|
|
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Chlorpropamide
|
Avoid in old pt – sulfonylurea
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|
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Cholelithiasis
|
Obstruction of gall bladder by cholesterol stone
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Cholestatic Jaundice
|
Chlorpromazine,Erythromycin estolate
|
|
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Cholesterol
|
Major precursor of steroid hormone
|
|
|
Cholinergic drugs use
|
Glaucoma, atony of bladder, myasthenia gravis
|
|
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Chromophores
|
Part of the molecule that absorbs the ultraviolet light or visible light
|
|
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Cimetidine
|
H2 rec antagonist
|
|
|
Ciprofloxacin
|
Antibacterial, inhibit bacterial DNA synthesis by blocking DNA gyrase
|
|
|
Circle
|
X2 + y2 =1
|
|
|
Cis
|
Same side
|
|
|
Cisplatin
|
Ototoxicity, renal toxicity, n/v
|
|
|
Cl tetani
|
Anaerobic organism
|
|
|
Class 1
|
Recall class – potential heath hazard
|
|
|
Class 1 C antiarry
|
Restricted only for life threatening arrh
|
|
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Climara transdermal
|
Change every week
|
|
|
Clofazimine
|
Longest half life
|
|
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Clomid
|
Ovulatory dysfunction
|
|
|
Clorpres
|
Diuretic, chlorthalidone
|
|
|
Closed-ended question
|
Requires an answer in the form of yes or no
|
|
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CMC
|
Minimum conc w/c physical properties of solns of assoc colloids (electrical conductance & osmotic pressure show marked changes
|
|
|
CNS stimulation
|
Adv effect assoc w/ quinolone drp abx
|
|
|
Cold cream
|
w/o emulsion
|
|
|
Cold sterilization
|
Removing 0.2 mcm or larger particles incl microorganisms from the solution
|
|
|
Collected blood storage temp
|
4 to 6 degrees
|
|
|
Combivent
|
Ipratropium and albuterol sulfate
|
|
|
Compliance
|
Overutilization /underutilization of drug, admin of meds at inappropriate times
|
|
|
Compound W
|
Salicyclic acid
|
|
|
Conc of drug at rec site
|
Does not affect protein binding of drug
|
|
|
Conjugation
|
Transfer of genetic info from 1 cell to another cell is carried out by the plasmid
|
|
|
Copayment
|
Pt pay specified amt of the cost of rx and 3rd party to pay remaining cost
|
|
|
Corn starch
|
Increase flow property of granules
|
|
|
Cortisol
|
Naturally occurring glucocorticoid
|
|
|
Cotazym, pancrease, zymase
|
Useful dietary supplement prdts of pancrelipase enzymes
|
|
|
Cozaar
|
Blocking ace type II
|
|
|
Current assets
|
Cash, A/R, inventory
|
|
|
Current liability
|
Notes payable beyond 1 year
|
|
|
Cyclert (pemoline)
|
Cns stimulant
|
|
|
Cyclobenzaprine
|
Centrally acting muscle relaxant
|
|
|
Cyclosphosphamide
|
H cystitis
|
|
|
Cyclosporine allergy
|
Avoid sandimune and gengraf
|
|
|
Cytoxan
|
H cystitis or bladder toxicity
|
|
|
D list
|
Drugs withdrawn
|
|
|
Dalmane
|
BZ with prolonged duration of action
|
|
|
Dantrolene
|
Doc for MS
|
|
|
Dapsone
|
Abx inhibit the synthesis of folic acid from PABA
|
|
|
Dark field
|
Unstained living or difficult to stain organism
|
|
|
Darvocet overdose
|
Respiratory depression with cheyne storke
|
|
|
DDAVP
|
Synthetic analogue of pituitary hormone
|
|
|
Defective teeth and bones
|
Principal side eff of TCN
|
|
|
Deferoxamine mesylate
|
IM, IV,SC
|
|
|
Degree of freedom in t distribution
|
N – 1
|
|
|
Demeclocycline
|
Trmt inappropriate secretion of ADH
|
|
|
Denaturation of protein occur
|
Heat, strong acid, organic solvent
|
|
|
Density
|
Weight
|
|
|
Depakote
|
Acts by increasing the conc of GABA
|
|
|
Desmopressin
|
Used for diabetes insipidus, hemophilia a, williebrand’s dz
|
|
|
Dextran
|
Polysaccharide
|
|
|
Diabenese
|
When taken with benadryl causes flushing , throbbing headache, difficulty in breathing, n/v, weakness, blurred vision
|
|
|
Diabetes – long term complication
|
Cataract, renal failure, peripheral neuropathy
|
|
|
Diabetic ketoacidosis
|
Rapid pulse, presence of glucose and acetone in urine, acetone breath
|
|
|
Diarrhea
|
Structure activity relationships would eliminate side effects of Ampicillin
|
|
|
Diffusion
|
Transfer of drug from high conc to low conc
|
|
|
Digoxin
|
Avoid taking Erythromycin, Quinidine, Colestipol
|
|
|
Dihydrostreptomycin
|
Metabolite prdts of streptomycin , cause deafness
|
|
|
Dilantin adverse effects
|
Gingival hyperplasia, SLE, ataxia
|
|
|
Dilatant flow
|
Shear thickening system
|
|
|
Diphtheria
|
Prepared from a toxin
|
|
|
Diphydotestosterone
|
Prostate cancer
|
|
|
Diphydrotachysterol
|
Trmt of tetany, idiopathic tetany, hypoparathyroidism
|
|
|
Dipyridamole
|
Adjunctive therapy with coumadin with cardiac valve replacement
|
|
|
Dipyridamole
|
Platelet adhesion inhibitor
|
|
|
Direct titration,complexation rxn, redox rxn
|
Titrimetric method of analysis
|
|
|
Disinfection
|
Reduction of the numbers of pathogenic microorganism – unable to produce dz
|
|
|
Disintegration
|
Breakdown of tablets into smaller particles or granules
|
|
|
Disopyramide
|
Avoid in CHF
|
|
|
Dispensing fees method
|
Prescription pricing system
|
|
|
Disulfiram like reaction
|
Flushing of skin, palpitation with throbbing headache, nausea and vomiting
|
|
|
Dopamine D1 receptor
|
Short term mgmt of severe htn
|
|
|
Dopamine receptor agonist
|
Permax, parnate
|
|
|
Dornase alfa
|
Trmt of cystic fibrosis
|
|
|
Dorzolamide
|
Antiglaucoma- carbonic anhydrase enzyme
|
|
|
Double blind study
|
Evaluation of placebo
|
|
|
Doxapram
|
Pt w/ acute hypercapnia
|
|
|
Doxorubicin
|
Adv eff Cardiac failure
|
|
|
Doxorubicin
|
Myocardial toxicity
|
|
|
Droxia (hydroxyurea)
|
Sickle cell anemia
|
|
|
Drug dissolution
|
Helpful to predict rate of Noyes Whitney equation
|
|
|
Drugs cause hemolysis in a pt with G6PD deficiency
|
Chloroquine, sulfonamide, dimercaprol, Quinine, nitrofurantoin
|
|
|
Drugs fact and comparison
|
Europe trip
|
|
|
E coli
|
UTI
|
|
|
E coli
|
Travelers diarrhea
|
|
|
Efflorescence
|
Subs lose water to establish equilibrium with surrounding atmosphere and forms an anhydrous salt
|
|
|
Egg yolk/ egg white
|
Emulsifying agent
|
|
|
Elavil
|
Depression with anxiety
|
|
|
Elavil allergy
|
Avoid tegretol and atenolol
|
|
|
Electrolyte loss
|
Adv effect of metolazone
|
|
|
Emdex
|
Hydrolysed starch
|
|
|
Enantiomers
|
Pairs of structure – mirror images of each other
|
|
|
Endoplasmic reticulum
|
Synthesis of protein and lipids in cell
|
|
|
Enzyme inhibition reactions
|
Most clinically significant type of interaction, inhibition of substrate metabolism tends to begin as soon as sufficient conc of the inhibitors are reached, elderly pt’s are at greater risk
|
|
|
Enzyme inhibitor
|
Tagamet, prozac, cipro
|
|
|
Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
|
Increase pheochromocytoma
|
|
|
Epoetin alpha
|
Zidovudine induced anemia
|
|
|
Epogen
|
Anemia of chronic failure pt
|
|
|
Equivalent conductance
|
Conductance of a soln containing 1 gm of eq wgt of solute measured in a cell when both electrodes are spaced 1 cm apart
|
|
|
Equivalent wgt
|
MW in grams / # of valence
|
|
|
Erythema multiforme
|
Presence of erythematous macules and papules
|
|
|
Erythrocytes
|
Elevated in pt w/ polycythemia vera
|
|
|
Erythromycin
|
Legionnaire’s dz, mycoplasma pneumonia, campylobacterial infection
|
|
|
Essential fatty acids in humans
|
Linoleic acid, lenolenic acid, arachidonic acid
|
|
|
Estradiol
|
Most potent estrogen in human body
|
|
|
Estrogen deficiency
|
Hot flashes
|
|
|
Ethanol
|
Antidote for methanol poisoning
|
|
|
Evaluate bioequivalency of drugs
|
Time to reach peak conc, AVC, conc of drug at plateau level
|
|
|
Excedrine avoid
|
Reye’s syndrome
|
|
|
Excess of thyroid hormone
|
Graves dz
|
|
|
Exotoxin
|
End product of metabolism produced by gram +ve bacteria, water soluble, has the ability to pass thru surrounding cell, thermolabile in nature
|
|
|
F
|
Highest electronegativity
|
|
|
Factors affect flow property of particles
|
Porosity, shape, density
|
|
|
Factors does NOT affect the solubility of solutes
|
Temperature, pH and common ion effects
|
|
|
Factors increases the risk of poisoning
|
Age, accessibility, type of container
|
|
|
Factors that stimulate the release of gastrin from antral G cells
|
Distention of stomach by food
|
|
|
Famvir
|
Trmt H zoster
|
|
|
Fat soluble vitamin
|
ADEK
|
|
|
Femiron
|
Iron prdt with highest amt of elementary iron
|
|
|
Ferrous fumarate
|
Greatest amt of elemental iron
|
|
|
Ficks law of diffusion
|
Length of stagnant layer is inversely proportional to rate of diffusion
|
|
|
Finasteride
|
BPH
|
|
|
First dose syncope
|
Minipress, hytrin, cardura
|
|
|
Fixed assets
|
Fixtures and equipments
|
|
|
Flecainide
|
Alkalinization of urine increases bioavailability
|
|
|
Flomax
|
BPH
|
|
|
Fludrocortisone
|
Corticosteroid with highest mineralocorticoid
|
|
|
Flumazenil
|
Antagonize toxic effect of BZ overdose
|
|
|
Fluorauracil
|
Pyrimidine analog – cancer chemotherapy
|
|
|
Fluoxetine
|
Reuptake inhibitor of serotonin
|
|
|
Folic acid
|
Good source green vegetables
|
|
|
Folic acid
|
Green veg, liver and pulses
|
|
|
Folic acid
|
Should not exceed 0.4mg
|
|
|
Follicular phase
|
Estrogen
|
|
|
Formaldehyde
|
Generated by methenamine acts as urinary antiseptic
|
|
|
Formation of m-aminophenol
|
Decarboxylation of p-aminosalicylic acid
|
|
|
Fortovase
|
Ref but if room temp ok for 3 months
|
|
|
Foscavir
|
Renal failure- major toxicity
|
|
|
Free floor system
|
Predetermine list of medications, prepackaged meds in standardized containers, on the spot inventory
|
|
|
Funding of medicare program
|
Social security taxes, premiums paid by participant
|
|
|
Furosemide
|
Loop diuretic
|
|
|
Gabitril
|
Enhanced activity of GABA
|
|
|
Gabitril
|
Partial seizure
|
|
|
Garage
|
Pesticides and petroleum prdts accidental poisoning
|
|
|
Genome
|
Bacteriophage carries the genetic info
|
|
|
Germicide
|
Subs that kills microorganisms but not bacterial spores
|
|
|
GITS system
|
Ditropan XL
|
|
|
Glimepride
|
Sulfonylurea derivative
|
|
|
Glucagons
|
Hypoglycemia
|
|
|
Glucagons IV dextrose
|
Trmt for insulin overdose
|
|
|
Glucocorticoids accdg to half lives
|
Betamethasone >triamcinolone >hydrocortisone > cortisone
|
|
|
Gluconeogenesis
|
Synthesis of glucose from sources other than carbohydrates
|
|
|
Glucophage
|
Lactic acidosis
|
|
|
Glutathione in reduced form
|
Deficient in a pt with G6PD deficiency
|
|
|
Glycogen phosphorylase
|
Rate limiting step in glycogenolysis
|
|
|
Glycolipids
|
Subs that is isolated fr brain and produces fatty acid, galactose and sphingosine upon hydrolysis
|
|
|
Gold compds adverse effects
|
Diarrhea, abd pain, stomatitis
|
|
|
Gold number
|
Protective property of colloid
|
|
|
Gram stain
|
Differences between gram + and gram -
|
|
|
Granulocytopenia
|
Granulocytes count of 1000 cells/mm3
|
|
|
Guiafenesin
|
Cough expectorant
|
|
|
Guiafenesin
|
Active ingredient of Humibid LA
|
|
|
H pylori infection
|
Omeprazole, amox, clarithromycin
|
|
|
H2O
|
Highest boiling point
|
|
|
Half life
|
T1/2 = 0.693
|
|
|
Half life equation of zero order rxn
|
T1/2=a/2k
|
|
|
Half life- factors affect
|
Renal insufficiency, change in urinary ph, enzyme inducing drugs
|
|
|
hbA 1/c 6%
|
Indicates 120mg.cl blood glucose
|
|
|
hbAlc
|
Stable complex of hemoglobin and glucose, represents an average bld glucose level over 3-4 months and helps in determination of glycemic control
|
|
|
HCTZ
|
Metablic alkalosis
|
|
|
HCTZ
|
Hypokalemia, hypercalcemia,hyperglycemia
|
|
|
HCTZ toxicity
|
Dryness of mouth, thrist, irregulart heart beat, muscle cramps or pain, nausea and weakness
|
|
|
Health brief model
|
How to prevent illness, how to stick to a proper diet, how to take drugs
|
|
|
Hectorol
|
Hyperparathyroidism
|
|
|
Hemoglobin
|
Naturally occurring chelate
|
|
|
Hemoglobin tests
|
Measure 1 gm of hemoglobin per 1 dL vol of whole blood
|
|
|
Hemolytic anemia
|
Abnormal destruction of RBC
|
|
|
Hemolytic anemia w/ G6PD deficiency
|
Co-trimoxazole, dapsone, primaquine
|
|
|
Heparin
|
Heteropolysaccharide
|
|
|
Hepatic toxicity
|
Marplan, Nardil
|
|
|
Heptane (antigenic)
|
Drug + protein
|
|
|
Holoenzyme
|
Enzyme with its cofactor
|
|
|
Human insulin
|
Least antigenic in nature
|
|
|
Human insulin
|
Least immunogenic in nature
|
|
|
Hyaluronic acid
|
Polysaccharide
|
|
|
Hydration
|
Process of degradation of ionic compds into cations and anions in a presence of water
|
|
|
Hydrodiuril
|
Responsible for elevated levels of glucose
|
|
|
Hydrolysis
|
Degradation of aspirin to salicylic acid and acetic acid in the presence of water
|
|
|
Hyperammonemia
|
Lactulose, sodium benzoate and sodium phenylacetate
|
|
|
Hyperkalemia
|
Bradycardia, flaccid paralysis of extremities, paresthesias
|
|
|
Hyperkalemia when used with Captopril
|
Spironolactone,amiloride,triamterene
|
|
|
Hypersecretion of growth hormone
|
Gigantism, acromegaly
|
|
|
Hypersensitive to thiazide diuretics
|
Avoid diazoxide, metolazone, HCTZ
|
|
|
Hypertension
|
Overdose of sod nitroprusside
|
|
|
Hyperthyroidism sx
|
Weight loss, high bmr, staring eyes
|
|
|
Hypochronic anemia
|
Deficiency of iron
|
|
|
Hypothalamus
|
Controls fxn of anterior pituitary
|
|
|
Hypothyroidism
|
Increase plasma protein albumin
|
|
|
IgE
|
Elevated in asthma
|
|
|
IgE
|
Elevated with asthma & allergic dz
|
|
|
IgE
|
Principal mediator of type 1 hypersensitivity
|
|
|
IgE
|
Asthma
|
|
|
IgG
|
Antibody protection for fetus
|
|
|
Ilosone
|
Cholestatic hepatitis
|
|
|
IM
|
Avoid with heparin
|
|
|
Imitrex
|
Migraine
|
|
|
Increase bleeding Coumadin therapy
|
Cefamandole, cimetidine, chlorpropamide
|
|
|
Increase chances of essential htn
|
High salt intake, hyperlipidemia, obesity
|
|
|
Indocin
|
Nsaid trmt ductus arterious in premature infants
|
|
|
Infants dose
|
age in months x adult dose
|
|
|
Inflammation of lips
|
Side effect of isotretinoin
|
|
|
Ingram’s regimen
|
Combo of antrhralin + UVA
|
|
|
Enzymes and thus formation of m-RNA
|
Actinomycin, Mitomycin, Rifampicin
|
|
|
Inhibition of diphydrofolate reductase and dihydropteroate synthetase
|
Bacteriostatic action of Cotrimoxazole
|
|
|
Inhibitor of cholinesterase enzyme
|
Physostigmine, neostigmine
|
|
|
Insect control chemicals
|
Insecticides, repellants, attractants
|
|
|
Instability of emulsion
|
Creaming, breaking, phase inversion
|
|
|
Insulin lispro
|
Rapid onset of action and shortest duration
|
|
|
Insulin lispro
|
Onset of action 5-15 min
|
|
|
Insulin lispro
|
Safely mix with Humulin N, U and LA
|
|
|
Insulin purity
|
Measured by content of Proinsulin
|
|
|
Interact with Tagamet
|
Maalox, ketoconazole, theophylline
|
|
|
Intrinsic factor
|
Absorption of vit b12
|
|
|
Invariant
|
System with gas, liq, solid has a degree of freedom
|
|
|
Inventory of schedule 2
|
Every 2 years
|
|
|
Inventory turnover rate, net sales to inventory, nest sales to networking capital
|
Efficiency of rx
|
|
|
Ion dipole or ion induced dipole force
|
Bond between NH3 and CO2
|
|
|
IPA model hmo
|
Highest percentage of HMO membership
|
|
|
IPA reimbursement
|
Capitation and discounted FFS
|
|
|
Ipratropium
|
Atropine like drug
|
|
|
Iron
|
Reticuloendothelial cells, liver hepatocytes and apoferritin are important iron storage sites,
|
|
|
IUD
|
Mechanical = least risk of pregnancy
|
|
|
K phos neutral
|
Take a tablet with a full glass of water at meals and bedtime
|
|
|
K phos original
|
Increases antibacterial activity of methenamine
|
|
|
Ketone
|
Oxidation of 2ndary alcohol
|
|
|
Killed vaccine
|
Diphtheria
|
|
|
Kitchen
|
Late morning accidents happen
|
|
|
l. leichmani
|
Microbial assay of vit b12 –test organism
|
|
|
Lactose
|
Disaccharide
|
|
|
Lactulose
|
Indicated for reducing elevated bld conc of ammonia in blood
|
|
|
Lanoxin
|
Trmt atrial flutter, fib, CHF
|
|
|
Lantus
|
Duration 24 hours
|
|
|
LDL
|
Risk factor assoc with atherosclerosis
|
|
|
Legionnaire’s dz
|
Erythromycin
|
|
|
Leucovorin Ca
|
Trmt –methotrexate overdose
|
|
|
Leukocytes
|
Source of production of alfa interferon
|
|
|
Lexxel
|
Enalapril, felodipine
|
|
|
Lidocaine side effects
|
Malignant hyperthermia, CNS toxicity
|
|
|
Ligase
|
Catalyses the coupling of 2 molecules of nucleotides to form DNA
|
|
|
Lipohypertrophy
|
Rotate sites of insulin injection
|
|
|
Liquidity
|
Rx ability to meet its current liability
|
|
|
Live attenuated vaccine
|
MMR
|
|
|
Liver
|
Major biotransformation site of drugs in humans
|
|
|
Loading dose
|
Initial dose of a drug thru IV bolus to achieve desirable plasma conc at once
|
|
|
Lophotrichous
|
Bacteria with 2 or more flagella
|
|
|
Losartan
|
Angiotensin receptor antagonist
|
|
|
Lovastatin
|
Bld cholesterol lowering drugs HMG COA
|
|
|
Lovenox
|
Beware to pt’s w/ heparin sensitivity
|
|
|
Luteinizing hormone
|
Initiates testosterone synthesis in leydig cells of testis, induces ovulation in females, stimulates synthesis of progesterone and estrogen in the corpus luteum
|
|
|
Lyme dz
|
Ticks, id by presence of annular skin lesions found in thighs and buttocks, assoc with cvs and neurological complications
|
|
|
Lyophilic
|
Interaxn between dispersed phase and dispersion medium
|
|
|
Lyophilization
|
Removal of water by method of sublimation from the product after it is frozen
|
|
|
Lysosome
|
Digestive organ of cell
|
|
|
Lysozyme
|
Helps in the removal of damaged cell, contains bactericidal agent that kills bacteria before it damages the cell
|
|
|
Mandelic acid
|
Metabolic product of nor adrenaline
|
|
|
Mafenide
|
2nd and 3rd degree burns
|
|
|
Mannitol
|
Flavoring agent 4 chewable tab
|
|
|
Mannitol
|
Osmotic diuretic- trmt of cerebral edema
|
|
|
Mantoux test
|
Identify the immunity of TB pts
|
|
|
Max allowable cost
|
Pd by 3rd party to rx when drug is available from more than 1 source
|
|
|
May precipitate SLE like syndrome
|
Procainamide, hydralazine
|
|
|
Mean
|
N x p
|
|
|
Measure Glomerular Filtration rate
|
Inulin and Creatinine
|
|
|
Measures rx liquidity
|
Acid test, current ratio, inv to its net working capital
|
|
|
MEC
|
Min conc of drug at rc site to initiate pharmacological action
|
|
|
Mechanisms of resistance against chemo agents caused by bacteria
|
Mutation, Transformation , Conjugation
|
|
|
Meclizine
|
Vertigo
|
|
|
Medicaid program
|
Medically indigent
|
|
|
Megace
|
Anorexia
|
|
|
Megace
|
Anorexia in AIDS 800mg/day
|
|
|
Megestrol acetate
|
Appetite stimulant
|
|
|
Memory
|
Identify and respond immediately to foreign substance w/c it was exposed previously
|
|
|
Meningitis
|
N meningitis, H influenzae, S pneumonia
|
|
|
Mephyton
|
Vit K deficiency
|
|
|
Mesalamine
|
Inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis
|
|
|
Mesna
|
Trmt for cyclophosphamide induced H cystitis
|
|
|
Mesnex(mesna)
|
Na-2mercaptoethane sulfonate
|
|
|
Messenger rna
|
Carries genetic info from dna to cytosol for protein synthesis
|
|
|
Meta chloronitrobenzene
|
Chlorination of nitrobenzene
|
|
|
Meta isomer
|
Nitration of benzaldehyde
|
|
|
Metabolic acidosis
|
-occurs due to loss of bicarbonate,hypokalemia
|
|
|
Methimazole
|
Thyroid drug- avoid for OB
|
|
|
Methotrexate
|
Folic acid antagonist
|
|
|
Methyldopa
|
Positive coombs test
|
|
|
Mevastatin
|
HMG coa reductase enzyme
|
|
|
Micardis
|
Angiotensin II receptor blocker
|
|
|
Microemulsion
|
-mean diameter of droplet generally lies between 2,50,000 A to 5,00,000 A
|
|
|
Millard reaction
|
Amine drugs in the presence of lactose diluent
|
|
|
Milliequivalent wgt
|
wgt in mg / eq wt
|
|
|
Minizide
|
Prazosin + polythiazide
|
|
|
Minoxidil
|
Hypertrichosis
|
|
|
Mitochondria
|
Host of kreb’s cycle
|
|
|
Mitochondria
|
Not found in bacteria but present in humans
|
|
|
Mobic avoid
|
Pt’s hypersensitivity to aspirin
|
|
|
Moisture
|
Physical factor for growth of bacteria
|
|
|
Molarity
|
1 gram molecular wgt of solute in 1 liter of solution
|
|
|
Moles
|
wgt in grams
|
|
|
Monoclonal antibodies
|
-derived from single cell line
|
|
|
Monoclonal antibody
|
Lab produced clone of cultured cells that make 1 specific antibody to a specific epitope
|
|
|
Morphine overdose
|
Cold and clammy skin; respiratory depression, convulsion
|
|
|
Mucomyst
|
Ifex induced H cystitis
|
|
|
Mucomyst-10
|
Acetaminophen antidote
|
|
|
Multiple sclerosis
|
Betaseron, lioresal, avonex
|
|
|
Muscle spasm & rigidity of skeletal muscle
|
d-tubocurarine, succinylcholine, dantrolene
|
|
|
Mutarotation
|
Spontaneous isomerization of 2 stereoisomers in aqueous soln that causes specific rotation
|
|
|
Mycelex troche
|
Oral candidiasis
|
|
|
Mycostatin pastilles
|
Oral candidiasis
|
|
|
n-acetylcysteine
|
Antidote for acetaminophen toxicity
|
|
|
Naturally occurring gums
|
Acacis, tragacanth
|
|
|
Negative catalyst
|
Ascorbic acid, sodium sulfite, sod metabisulfite
|
|
|
Neonatal tetany
|
Temporary transcient hypoparathyroidism
|
|
|
Neonates
|
Use of sodium nitroprusside shld be strictly restricted
|
|
|
Net profit to net worth
|
Best indicator of rx profitability
|
|
|
Neutrophils
|
Guards the skin and mucous membrane against infections
|
|
|
Nilandron
|
Prostate cancer
|
|
|
Nimodipine
|
Cerebral spasm
|
|
|
Nimotop
|
CCB subarachnoid hemorrhage
|
|
|
Nitroprusside
|
Iv preferable route
|
|
|
Nizoral + Hismanal/ seldane/ Claritin
|
Produce cardiac toxicity
|
|
|
Nolvadex
|
Antagonizes the action of estrogen
|
|
|
Nolvadex
|
Estrogen receptor antagonist
|
|
|
Non compliance
|
Meds too costly,age >60, don’t know importance of meds
|
|
|
Non compliance results
|
Age over 65, drug induces side effects, fear of drug dependency
|
|
|
Non specific autoimmunity
|
SLE, SJOGREN syndrome
|
|
|
Nonsedative antihistamines
|
Zyrtec, seldane, Hismanal
|
|
|
Norvasc
|
Least incidence of reflex stimulation of the SNS
|
|
|
Novolog
|
Fastest onset of action and shortest duration of action
|
|
|
Nucleotide is a building block of
|
Nucleic acid
|
|
|
Octreotide
|
Inhibits secretion of growth hormone
|
|
|
Ocusert pilo 20 delivers
|
20 mcg of pilocarpine per hour for 7 days
|
|
|
Open-ended question
|
Verbal communication
|
|
|
Oral candidiasis
|
Spranox, Mycelex, nystatin
|
|
|
Oral candidiasis
|
Vanceril
|
|
|
Organ specific autoimmunity
|
Myasthenia gravis, graves dz, hashimoto’s thyroiditis, MS addisons dz, ulcerative colitis
|
|
|
Organ transplantation immunosuppressive agents
|
Imuran, neural sandimune
|
|
|
Orthostatic hypotension
|
Elderly more susceptible due to decline baroreceptor function
|
|
|
Osmosis
|
2 compartments are separated by a semipermeable membrane and only solvent molecules can pass from 1 compartment to other compartments
|
|
|
Otitis media
|
H influenza , S pneumonia
|
|
|
Ou
|
Both eyes
|
|
|
Oxidative phosphorylation
|
Release of energy from energy rich molecules such as glucose and fatty acid occurs in mitochondria
|
|
|
Oxygen transport capacity
|
Rate limiting step in synthesis of RBC
|
|
|
Oxytocin
|
Contraction of uterine muscles
|
|
|
P and T committee
|
Review adverse drug reaction
|
|
|
P colitis
|
Vancomycin, metronidazole TCN
|
|
|
P hydroxyl benzene sulfonamide
|
Major metabolic product of sulfanilamide
|
|
|
Paget’s dz of the bone
|
Alendronate, etidronate, tiludronate
|
|
|
Pancrelipase enzyme
|
Swallow the whole caps with meals or snacks
|
|
|
Pancytopenia
|
Blood dyscracia that affect all 3 blood lines
|
|
|
Parasympatholytic agent
|
Demecarium, homatropine
|
|
|
Parathyroid
|
Regulates the mobilization of calcium between bone and blood
|
|
|
Parietal cells
|
Active part in secretion of acid in the stomach
|
|
|
Parlodil (bromocrptine)
|
Parkinsons longest duration of action
|
|
|
Peliosis hepatic
|
Adverse effect of anabolic steroids
|
|
|
Penicillin V
|
Acid resistant property
|
|
|
Pentam 300
|
Trmt P carini Pneumonia
|
|
|
Pentamidine
|
P carini pneumonia
|
|
|
Pentobarbital
|
Short acting barbiturate
|
|
|
Pentoxifylline
|
Peripheral vascular dz
|
|
|
Peptide bond
|
Amino acids are covalently joined in protein
|
|
|
Permax
|
Parkinson
|
|
|
Permax high dose
|
Cardiac arrhythmia
|
|
|
Permethrine
|
Scabicidal agent
|
|
|
PGD2
|
Prostaglandin, potent mediator of asthma attacks
|
|
|
PGE 2
|
Prostaglandin –gastric mucosal protection
|
|
|
Pharmacy times
|
Primary literature
|
|
|
Phase 2 drug metabolism
|
Glucoronidation conjugation
|
|
|
Phase 3
|
Incl extensive clinical trials in human
|
|
|
Phenylephrine
|
Nasal decongestant
|
|
|
PhosLo
|
Hyperphosphatemia
|
|
|
Phoslo
|
Hyperphosphatemia
|
|
|
Photochemical degradation
|
Degradation of riboflavin by light
|
|
|
Phototaxis
|
Moving of bacteria away from the light
|
|
|
Physical id of tablets and capsules
|
Identidex, red and blue book
|
|
|
Physical property of gel
|
Swelling, syneresis, aging
|
|
|
Physostigmine
|
Acute atropine poisoning
|
|
|
PKU
|
-dz characterized by mental abnormalities
|
|
|
Pkw
|
Pka + pka
|
|
|
Plasmids
|
Small and circular extrachromosomal DNA molecules that carry genetic information for future generations in bacteria
|
|
|
Plastic flow
|
Bingham bodies
|
|
|
Plavix
|
Myocardial infarction
|
|
|
Plicamycin, valproic acid, moxalactam
|
Avoid Toradol
|
|
|
Podiatrist
|
DPM
|
|
|
Polycythemia vera
|
Increase of RBC
|
|
|
Polymorphism
|
Subs that may exist in more than 1 crystalline form
|
|
|
Polymorphism
|
Characteristic of solid subs to exhibit more than 1 crystalline or amorphous form
|
|
|
Posicor (mibefradil)
|
Htn
|
|
|
Potassium chloride
|
Highest meq amt of K
|
|
|
PPO
|
Grps of hospital and physicians that are ready to provide serv to employers, insurance providents or other 3rd party carriers on the basis of fee for serv, subscriber can negotiate the price of fees, freedom of choice is limited to a # of hosp and physicians
|
|
|
PPU
|
Antihyperthyroid safe to OB pts
|
|
|
Pravachol
|
Anytime
|
|
|
Prazosin
|
1st dose syncope
|
|
|
Precision
|
Reproducibility of results
|
|
|
Precose
|
Alpha glucosidase inhibitor
|
|
|
Precose
|
Diabetes
|
|
|
Precose, glucophage, rezulin
|
Change of hypoglycemia is least when maintained
|
|
|
Precursor for 5 HT
|
Tryptophan
|
|
|
Precursors for vitamin D
|
Ergosterol, 7 dehydrocholesterol, dihydrotachysterol
|
|
|
Pregnancy, hypoalbuminemia, uremia
|
Affects protein binding of drugs
|
|
|
Premarin
|
ERT- menopause
|
|
|
Presence of OH ions
|
Sweet taste of compd
|
|
|
Priftin
|
Inhibits DNA dependent RNA polymerase
|
|
|
Primary literature
|
Largest and most current information sources
|
|
|
Primary taste
|
Saline, sweet, bitter
|
|
|
Prime vendor system
|
Order prdts from 1 wholesaler w/small % fee
|
|
|
Principle storage of glycogen
|
Skeletal muscle, liver
|
|
|
Prinivil
|
Ace- doc for pt w/ liver dysfunction
|
|
|
Probenecid
|
May competitively inhibit the renal tubular secretion of Methicillin, methotrexate,dapsone
|
|
|
Probenecid may elevate serum conc
|
Methotrexate, retrovir, pantothenic acid
|
|
|
Procainamide
|
Class 1 a arrhythmic agent
|
|
|
Procainamide
|
C/I in M. gravies
|
|
|
Prodrug
|
Inactive drug becomes active thru metabolism
|
|
|
Prodrug
|
Dolobid
|
|
|
Prokaryotic
|
Cells with NO nucleus
|
|
|
Prolactin
|
Lactation in postpartum
|
|
|
Proscar
|
Agonist of 5 alpha azo-reductase enzymes
|
|
|
Prospective payment
|
Reimbursement to the hospital in advance, with a specific rate based upon diagnosis pt
|
|
|
Prospective payment system
|
Diagnostic related grp services, predetermined rate of per day costs of hospital, predetermine rate per episode of illness
|
|
|
Prospective reimbursement
|
Pt pays full predetermined amt to provider at the beginning of each month
|
|
|
Prostaglandin E2
|
Active part in the production of mucosa in the stomach
|
|
|
Protamine sulfate
|
Overdose of heparine antidote
|
|
|
Protein binding
|
Makes drugs inactive
|
|
|
Protein deficient malnutrition
|
Kwashiorkor, marasmus
|
|
|
Protrombin time
|
Effectiveness of coumadin therapy
|
|
|
Proxemic
|
Nonverbal form of communication
|
|
|
Pseudo 1st order
|
Decomposition of ethylacetate in presence of water
|
|
|
Pseudo first order
|
CH3COOC2H5 + OH ---high conc- CH3CHOOH + C2H5OH
|
|
|
Pseudoplastic flow
|
-viscosity of the flow generally decreses w/ increase in rate of shears,
|
|
|
Pseudoplastic flow
|
Shear thinning system
|
|
|
Pulmonary dysfunction
|
Bleomycin, Amiodarone, Nitrofurantoin
|
|
|
Pulmonary dysfunction
|
Bleomycin, parlodel pentam 300
|
|
|
PVT TIM HALL
|
Essential amino acids
|
|
|
Pyrethrin
|
Acts as a contact poison that disturbs the parasites nervous system
|
|
|
Pyruvate
|
End product of glycolysis in the cell with mitochondria
|
|
|
Quality assurance & control test
|
Sterility test, particulate matter evaluation, pyrogen test
|
|
|
Questran, colestipol, seldane
|
Avoid in rezulin therapy
|
|
|
Quinaglute
|
Reduce lanoxin and coumadin
|
|
|
Quinidine side effects
|
Tinnitus, nausea, vertigo, vision
|
|
|
Quinidine sulfate
|
Highest amt of quinidine alkaloid
|
|
|
Quininide
|
Class 1 antiarryhtmic – na channel blocker
|
|
|
Raglan antiemetic effect
|
Inhibiting stimulation of chemoreceptor trigger zone, increasing GI motility, Increasing the rate of GI emptying
|
|
|
Raise blood serum conc of theophylline
|
Allopurinol, cimetidine, cipro
|
|
|
Range
|
Highest – lowest
|
|
|
Range of particle size of colloidal dispersion
|
0.5 to 1.0 nanomicron
|
|
|
Rate of hydrolysis depends on
|
pH of soln, temp
|
|
|
Rate of sedimentation independent
|
Of lipophilic nature of particles
|
|
|
Receptors assoc with emesis
|
H1, D2, 5HT3
|
|
|
Receptors involved in production of HCl in the stomach
|
Muscarinic, Histamine, Gastrin
|
|
|
Reduced solubility of alcohol
|
MW of alcohol increases
|
|
|
Refludan
|
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia
|
|
|
Renal tubular secretion
|
Probenecid, PCN, chlorothiazide
|
|
|
Retrospective DUR method
|
Review performed after pt receives med
|
|
|
Retrospective DUR study
|
# of drugs per pt, # of doses of drugs per pt, cost of drugs per pt
|
|
|
Retrospective payment
|
-depends on hospital costs and hospital charges, pymt increases as the cost of hosp increases, amt of pymt generally depends on the actual service provided by the hospital during the pt’s stay
|
|
|
Retrovir
|
1st approved for HIV
|
|
|
Rezulin
|
Diabetes
|
|
|
Rho gam
|
Rh – mother with Rh + infant
|
|
|
Rideal walker coefficient of disinfectant
|
Dilution of disinfectant killed microbes in 5 to 7.5 min. silution of phenol-killed microbes in 5-7.5
|
|
|
rifabutin
|
Reduce by 75% when coadmin w/ Kaletra
|
|
|
Rifadin
|
Reddish coloration of urine, sweat, sputum and tears
|
|
|
Rifamate
|
Monitor serum transaminase levels
|
|
|
Ritalin SR
|
Attention deficit syndrome
|
|
|
Rna forms
|
Trna,mrna, rrna
|
|
|
S aureus
|
Causing 80% or more of bone infxn
|
|
|
S pneumonia
|
Causative agent for community acquired pneumonia
|
|
|
S. viridan
|
Normal flora of the human resp tract
|
|
|
Salicylate
|
Ringing or buzzing in the ear
|
|
|
Salmonella, E coli
|
Organisms found in normal flora of guts
|
|
|
Sc
|
Most suitable route for insulin admin
|
|
|
Schedule 2
|
Fentanyl, amohetamine,methylphenidate
|
|
|
Schedule 3- partial dispensing
|
6 mos
|
|
|
Schedule I
|
High potential for abuse
|
|
|
Scurvy
|
Bleeding of gums, hemorrhagem retarded healing
|
|
|
Secondary htn
|
Hyperaldosteronism, pheochromocytoma, cushing syndrome
|
|
|
Seroquel
|
Check for cataract formation
|
|
|
Serum K conc
|
Sodium polysterene sulfonate
|
|
|
Serzone
|
Depression
|
|
|
Shape of frequency of distribution
|
Bell shape , skewed shape, U shape
|
|
|
Sicle cell anemia
|
Hemolytic anemia with abnormal hemoglobin
|
|
|
Sign for grave’s dz
|
Fast heartbeat, soft skin, high basal metabolic rate
|
|
|
Signs and symptoms of drug induced aplastic anemia
|
Fatigue, bruising, frank bleeding
|
|
|
Silica
|
Used as dessicant in rx preparation
|
|
|
Simvastation
|
HMG COA
|
|
|
SLE
|
Butterfly shaped rash
|
|
|
Small intestine
|
Primary stie for orally administered drug, more permeable -> intestine epithelium
|
|
|
Smoke test, dop test, microbial test
|
Test used to identify laminar flow efficiency and quality of sterilization
|
|
|
Smoker’s dz
|
Emphysema, chronic bronchitis, peripheral vascular disease
|
|
|
SMZ/TMP
|
Abx of choice for pregnant UTI
|
|
|
Sodium bicarbonate
|
Increases excretion of Phenobarbital
|
|
|
Sodium bicarbonate
|
Antacid absorbs into systemic circulation and can produce systemic alkalosis
|
|
|
Sodium bicarbonate
|
Increases – renal clearance of phenobarb
|
|
|
Sodium bisulfite
|
Stabilize epi soln
|
|
|
Sodium carboxymethylcellulose
|
Exhibits pseudoplastic flow
|
|
|
Sodium lactate
|
Cardiotoxic effect of quinidine reduced
|
|
|
Sodium polysterene sulfonate
|
Removal of excess K from blood
|
|
|
Sodium restricted diet – htn pt
|
Sodium ions hold water molecules which results in increase blood volume
|
|
|
Sodium thiosulfate
|
Given by IV to detoxify cyanomethemoglobin produced by admin of sodium nitrate
|
|
|
Soluble
|
1 part of solute requires 10 to 30 parts of solvent
|
|
|
Solution
|
Degradation of PCN G Procaine is highest
|
|
|
SP2 hybridization
|
CH2=CH2
|
|
|
Specific gravity
|
Weight of the substance
|
|
|
Spf (skin protection factor)
|
5 or more but less than 14
|
|
|
Sphingomyelin
|
Building block of membrane of nerve tissue
|
|
|
Spingosine
|
Not hydrolyzed prodt of lecithin
|
|
|
Spironolactone
|
Aldosterone antagonist
|
|
|
SRSA – slow release substance of anaphylaxis –resp for bronchospasm
|
Accolate, zyflo, Intal
|
|
|
SSRI w/ depression
|
Effexor, paxil prozac
|
|
|
Staff model HMO
|
Healthcare facilities,employed physicians
|
|
|
Standard deviation
|
Deviation of data from its mean
|
|
|
Starch
|
Disintegrant
|
|
|
Stationary phase
|
Growth of bacteria remains constant
|
|
|
Status epilepticus
|
50% dextrose soln, diazepam, phenytoin
|
|
|
Steatorrhea
|
Loss of lipid, essential fatty acid and lipid soluble vitamin in feces, inhibition of secretion of pancreatic juice fr the pancreas, absorption of vitamins such as vit c, thiamine and riboflavin are not affected
|
|
|
Sterilization of pharmaceuticals
|
Ethylene oxide, formaldehyde
|
|
|
Stimate
|
Von Willibrands dz
|
|
|
Stop or nonsense codon
|
UAG, UGA, UAA
|
|
|
Sublimation
|
Solid to vapor state
|
|
|
Sublimation
|
Transfer of mol fr solid phase to vapor
|
|
|
Sucrose
|
Oligosaccharide
|
|
|
Sular (nisoldipine)
|
External coat with an internal core of drug
|
|
|
Sulfasalazine, Olsalazine, Mesalamine
|
Avoid for pt’s hypersensitive to Mesalamine
|
|
|
Sulfonamide
|
Ineffective with pus formation
|
|
|
Sulfonamide
|
Avoid with G6PD
|
|
|
Sweat test
|
Accurate diagnostic test for cystic fibrosis
|
|
|
Sx of BPH
|
Caused by pressure exerted by the prostate gland in urethra
|
|
|
Symmetrel
|
Parkinsonism
|
|
|
Symptom of hypoglycemia
|
Confusion, difficulty in conc, sweating
|
|
|
Synercid
|
VREF bacteremia
|
|
|
Syphilis
|
Dx agent – colloidal mercury
|
|
|
Syphilis
|
T pallidum
|
|
|
T lymphocyte
|
Primary cell type resp for long term effects of asthma
|
|
|
Table sugar
|
Not recommended for hypoglycemia
|
|
|
Tablet manufacturing problems
|
Capping, mottling, picking
|
|
|
Tachycardia, consusionm low BP,sweat
|
Trmt dextrose, IV glucose
|
|
|
Talwin NX
|
Pentazocine and naloxone hcl
|
|
|
Tamoxifen
|
Estrogen receptor antagonist
|
|
|
Taxol therapy
|
Pretreatment – corticosteroid, diphenhydramine, H2 antagonist
|
|
|
Taxotere
|
Initiating therapy values to be obtained
|
|
|
Tazorac topical cream
|
Psoriasis, acne
|
|
|
Tegretol
|
Trigeminal neuralgia
|
|
|
Temazepam and lorazepam
|
Preferred BZ for elderly -> no phase 1 rxn
|
|
|
Temp, radiation , presence of catalyst
|
Influence of rate of oxidation
|
|
|
Tenoretic
|
Atenolol , Chorthalidone
|
|
|
Teratogenic drugs
|
Finasteride, trietinoine, lithium carbonate
|
|
|
Terbutaline
|
Uterine relaxant for women in labor
|
|
|
Tertiary alcohol
|
2 methyl 2 propranolol
|
|
|
Test used to find out potency of disinfectants
|
Rideal walker test
|
|
|
Tetra iodothyronine
|
Activates in fxn of thyroid gland
|
|
|
Tetrahedral
|
Molecular geometry of a CH4 (methane) molecule
|
|
|
Therapeutic equivalence
|
Structurally different chemicals produce the same clinical results
|
|
|
Thiopental sodium
|
Iv short term anesthetic
|
|
|
Thioridazine
|
Pigmented retinopathy
|
|
|
Thixothropy
|
Converts soln fr a gel and back
|
|
|
Thrombocytopenia
|
Adv eff w/ prolonged use of Amrinone
|
|
|
Thromboxane A2
|
Aggregation of platelets
|
|
|
Thymus gland
|
Generate mature T cell
|
|
|
Thyroid ¼ grain
|
16 mg
|
|
|
Thyroid hormone deficiency
|
Myxedema, cretinism,
|
|
|
Thyroid hormone deficiency disorder
|
Cretinism, myxedema, goiter
|
|
|
Ticlid, asa, plavix
|
Inhibit aggregation of platelets
|
|
|
Tigan
|
Control n/v
|
|
|
Tigan
|
Avoid in pt’s with Reye’s syndrome
|
|
|
Tonocard
|
Adv eff blood dyscracia, pulmonary fibrosis, renal failure
|
|
|
Toprol XL
|
Controlled release pallets formulation
|
|
|
Toradol
|
Avoid taking antivert
|
|
|
Toradol
|
Should not be given for more than 5 days
|
|
|
Toradol
|
Ketorolac tromethamine
|
|
|
Torfranil
|
TCA trmt for nocturnal enuresis
|
|
|
Total energy
|
Calculate BMR, Thermic effect of food, physical activity
|
|
|
Trans
|
Opposite side
|
|
|
Transfer of drug fr stomach into blood stream
|
-
|
|
|
-
|
drug crosses the cell barrier by passive or active transfer mechanism
|
|
|
Tranxene SD
|
Anxiety
|
|
|
Tranylcyrpromine
|
Shld not be used with SSRI
|
|
|
TRF
|
Release stimulated by any fall in lefel of thyroid hormone
|
|
|
Triple point
|
3 phases exist in equilibrium with one another
|
|
|
Troglitazone
|
Greatest risk for hepatotoxicity
|
|
|
Type 1 borosilicate glass
|
Most chemically resistant or least leachable
|
|
|
Type 1 hypersensitivity rxn
|
Pollen, grasses
|
|
|
Type 2 hypersensitivity
|
Hemolytic dz of a newborn in Rh negative mother with Rh + fetus
|
|
|
Type 3 hypersensitivity rxn
|
RA, lupus erythematosus, sjogren syndrome
|
|
|
Type 5 hypersensitivity
|
Graves dz
|
|
|
Unitary elasticity
|
Relative change in revenue is same as relative change in price
|
|
|
Uracil
|
Pyrimidine base found only in rna
|
|
|
Uric acid
|
End product of purine catabolism
|
|
|
Urinary alkanizers increase excretion
|
Methotrexate, salicylate, methenamine
|
|
|
Urso
|
Biliary cirrhosis
|
|
|
Urticaria
|
Allergic skin rxn –wheel formation
|
|
|
Vancomycin
|
Methicillin resistant infection
|
|
|
Vancomycin
|
Cl. Difficile
|
|
|
Vanillylmadelic acid
|
Metabolite product of epinephrine and norepi
|
|
|
Vasculits angiitis
|
Patchy inflammation of the walls of small blood vessels
|
|
|
Vasodilators adverse effects
|
Edema, palpitation , weight gain
|
|
|
Vasotec
|
Help pt on diabetic treatments
|
|
|
Vibramycin
|
Trmt SIADH
|
|
|
Videx
|
More prolonged duration of oaction than retrovir with least bone marrow suppression property
|
|
|
Vioxx
|
Nsaid with least GI effects
|
|
|
Vit a
|
Night blindness
|
|
|
Vit b1
|
Beri beri
|
|
|
Vit b12
|
Pernicious anemia
|
|
|
Volume of distribution
|
P/Cp
|
|
|
Water sensitive prdts, diluent
|
Diabasic calcium phosphate, calcium sulfate
|
|
|
Water soluble
|
B C
|
|
|
Weight variation, disintegration, dissolution
|
Test to evaluate tablet dosage form
|
|
|
Wheezing
|
Clinical hallmark of asthma
|
|
|
Wholesale & retail $
|
American druggist blue book, drug topics red book
|
|
|
Wilson’s disease
|
Disturbance of copper metabolism
|
|
|
Working capital
|
Diggerence between current asset and current liabilities of rx
|
|
|
Xerogels
|
Gelatin sheets, acacia tears, starch grains
|
|
|
Xerostomia
|
Causes dental caries, difficulty in swallowing meds, excessive salivation
|
|
|
Zanaflex
|
Alpha 2 rec agonist
|
|
|
Zaroxolyn
|
Suffer from electrolyte loss
|
|
|
Zemplar
|
Hyperparathyroidism
|
|
|
Zemuron
|
Neuromuscular blocking agent
|
|
|
Zero order
|
Kinetic rxn –rate of rxn independent fr conc
|
|
|
Zero order
|
Rate of release of drug from gastrointestinal therapeutic system
|
|
|
Zestoretic
|
Avoid sulfonamide allergy
|
|
|
Zofran
|
Chemo induced n/v
|
|
|
Zoladex
|
Prostate carcinoma
|
|
|
Zomig
|
5HT receptor agonist
|
|
|
Zydis
|
Olanzapine
|
|
|
Zyflo
|
5-lipoxygenase inhibitor
|
|
|
Zyvox
|
Reversible nonselective MAO inhibitor
|
|
|
Warfarin
|
Increase levels DC3AMPS
|
|
|
Warfarin
|
Decrease levels –BRAGG
|
