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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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More Common in Males or Females? Coronary Artery Disease?
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Males
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More Common in Males or Females? Cardiomyopathy?
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Males
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More Common in Males or Females? Endangiitis Obliterans
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Males
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More Common in Males or Females? Periarteritis Nodosa
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Males
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More Common in Males or Females? Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
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Males
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In which ethnic group is it more common to find B-thalassemia?
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Mediterraneans
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In which ethnic group is it more common to find G6PD Deficiency?
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Mediterraneans
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In which ethnic group is it more common to find pseudocholinesterase deficiency?
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Eskimos
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Name three diseases commonly associated with Ashkenazi Jews.
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Gaucher's
Niemann-Pick Tay-Sachs |
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In which professions are brucellosis most common?
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Abattoir workers, farmers
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What profession would you associate with cadmium poisoning?
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Battery manufacturer or Repairman
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What profession would you associate with sporotrichosis?
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Gardeners
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What profession would you associate with silicosis?
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Glass and ceramic industry workers
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What profession would you associate with lead poisoning?
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Painters, radiator repairmen, glass and ceramic workers, battery manufacturers or repairmen.
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What profession would you associate with Aromatic Amines? What disease does this sometimes cause?
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Rubber Industry
Bladder Carcinoma |
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Define Sensitivity and tell it's equation using the 4x4 chart
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Probability that a DISEASED patient will test positive. Good for screening.
a/a+c |
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Define Specificity and tell its equation using the 4x4 chart
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Probability that a NON-DISEASED person will test negative.
Good for confirming the presence of a disease. c/b+d |
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Define Positive Predictive Value and incude its equation
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Probability that a person testing POSITIVE for a disease, has the disease.
a/a+b |
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Define Negative Predictive Value and include its equation
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Probability that a person testing NEGATIVE for a disease, will be healthy.
d/c+d |
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Define Incidence
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NUMBER OF NEW CASES in a given population that develop over a period of time
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Define Prevalence
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NUMBER OF EXISTING CASES at a moment in time.
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What is a CASE CONTROL STUDY?
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Observational study, usually RETROSPECTIVE, in which cases (with disease) and controls (disease free) are identified. Info. collected about past eposure to possible etiologic factors used to calculate Odds Ratio
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What is a COHORT STUDY?
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Observational study, usually PROSPECTIVE, in which a sample group (cohort) is matched to controls also with the presence or absence of a particular risk factor. Groups followed to determine if disease develops
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True or False:
Risk ratio can not be determined from a cohort study. |
False
Risk ration can not be determined from case-control study. |
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What is the risk ratio?
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Kindof like dividing the pos. predictive value by the neg. predictive value.
[A/(A+B)]/[C/(C+D)] |
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What type of error...
To claim a difference between groups when there is not (alpha symbol). |
Type I error
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What type of error...
To see no difference between groups when there is one (Beta symbol). |
Type II error
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True or False:
Odds ratio can not be determined from case-control study. |
False
Note: If risk is low, odds ratio will give a good estimate of risk ratio |
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What is a CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY?
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Survey of the population at a single point in time.
Used to estimate prevalence and to form hypotheses. |
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What is Meta-Analysis?
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A statistical combination of data from several studies (often via literature search)
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What is a RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL (RCT)?
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Experimental, prospective study in which subjects are assigned to a treatment or a control group. Minimizes for bias and confounding variables; double blinded studies prevent observation bias.
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