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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define anemia
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a decrease in RBC or effective hemoglobin
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Define hematocrit
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the precentage of blood volume that contains RBC
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Define microcytic
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abnormal RBC size (too small)
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Define macrocyctic
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abnormal RBC size (too large)
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Define hemolytic
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rupturing of RBC
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How does 2,3-BPG effect oxygen binding in RBC?
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Lowers the affintiy of hemoglobin for oxygen
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What is the role of NADPH in the RBC?
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To re-reduce glutathione with glutathion reductase
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What is the role of glutathione reductase in the RBC?
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An enzyme used to re-reduce glutathione (needs NADPH)
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What is the role of methemoglobin reductase in the RBC?
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To reduce Fe3+ iron back to Fe+2 using NADH
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Explain how RBC respond to oxidative stress?
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Some of the NADH is used in the NADH-cytochrome B5 methemoglobin reductase system to reduce Fe+3.
Also, NADPH (from PPP) can be used to rereduce glutathione. |
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Explain the role of glycolysis in RBC function
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Only way to make ATP in RBC
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Explain the role of G6PD in RBC function
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G6PD converts G6P into ribulose-5-p. Lots of NADPH is made which is needed for glutathione.
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Explain the role of iron in RBC function
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Iron is needed for heme synthesis. Heme is carrier for O2 in RBC
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Explain the role of lactate dehydrogenase in RBC function
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Lactate dehydrogenase converts lactate to pyruvate makes rereduces NADH for methemoglobin reductase
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Describe the underlying causes, manifestations and diagnostic labs for:
Sickle cell anemia |
Cause: herditary genetic disorder, val substitution causes hydrophoic protusion when RBC has no oxygen
Manifestation: fatigue, sickle crisis Labs: anything that may indicate hemolysis |
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Describe the underlying causes, manifestations and diagnostic labs for:
Thalassemia |
Cause: having a large excess of one of the subunits of hemoglobin
Manifestation: may be asymptomatic Labs: RBC size |
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Describe the underlying causes, manifestations and diagnostic labs for:
Methemoglobinemia |
Cause: not enough methemoglobin reductase, too much exposure to oxidizing agents
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Describe the underlying causes, manifestations and diagnostic labs for:
G6PD deficiency |
Causes: not enoughy G6PD so not going to make lost of NADPH in PPP
Manifestations: if not a lot of NADPH, glutathione will not be rereduce which means increased sensitivty to oxidizing agents Labs: ? |
