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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are the 3 categories of anemia
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blood loss, inability for survival, decreased rbc production
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how much rapid blood loss can healthy individuals tolerate
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1000 ml
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when does rapid blood loss lead to shock
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2000 ml
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hemolysis
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decreased rbc survival
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what do gi chronic bleeding or menorrhagia typically lead to
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iron deficiency
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intrinsic hemolysis is usually caused by aquired abnormalities
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FALSE.... this is the case for extrinsic
intrinsic is usually inherited |
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anemia
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reduction in red cell mass
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3 categories of anemia
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rbc loss
decreased rbc survival decreased rbc production |
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intravascular hemolysis
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destruction of rbc in circulation
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extravascular hemolysis
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destruction of rbc in reticuloendothelial system; spleen, liver
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hereditary spherocytosis
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spectrin, structural protien.... rbcs are less deformable .... sequestered and destroyed in spleen
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autosomal codominant
hemoglobin SS |
sickle cell anemia
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hemoglobin S
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valine for glutamic acid at 6
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what happens to sickle cells
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sequestered in spleen/ trapped in microcirculation
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sickle cell trait
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hemoglobin AS
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thalessemias
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imbalance in alpha and beta chemoglobin chain..... due to point mutation
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g6p deficiency
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prone to oxidation .... oxidized hemoglobin denatures..... attaches to rbc membrane.... loses flexibility..... lysed in spleen
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hallmark of g6p deficiency
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bite cells
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genetics of g6p deficiency
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x linked inheritance
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anti d
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binds to fetal rh + in rh - mother after birth and removes it
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autoimmune hemolysis
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patient makes antibodies for own rbc
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hallmark of autoimmune hemolysis
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spherocytes
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DIC
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red cells are lysed as they travel through fibrin clots in microcirculation
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hallmark of mechanical trauma to rbc
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schistocytes
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megaloblastic anemia
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low thymidine.... dna synthesis impaired..... delay in mitotic division ... fewer cells grow bigger
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hypersegmented neutrophils ...
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megaloblastic anemia
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pernicious anemia
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associated with b12 deficiency and intrinsic factor
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2 pathogenic theories of aplastic anemia
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aquired stem cell defect
suppression of stem cell by t cell |
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myelophthisic anemia
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bone marrow replaced by tumor
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primary polycythemia
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neoplastic
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secondary polycythemia
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erythropoieten production
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