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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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anemia |
decrease in RBC production increase in RBC destruction or loss |
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anemia causes decrease in O2 carrying capacity which leads to ... |
tissue hypoxia |
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common meds associated w/anemia |
NSAIDS, corticosteroids, TB meds, seizure meds, sulfa |
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3 catagories of anemia |
blood loss (acute or chronic) nutritional hemolytic |
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general s&sx of anemia |
*fatigue, sob, palpitations, tarry stool, headache, malaise |
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severe anemia lab values |
Hgb <6 (experience sx at rest) |
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moderate anemia lab values |
Hgb 6-10 |
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mild anemia lab value |
10-12 (higher in men 13.5) |
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most common anemia |
nutritional-decreased erythrocyte production |
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hemolytic anemia |
increased erythrocyte production, transfusion reaction |
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iron deficiancy causes |
low dietary intake, malabsorption (chron's) |
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iron deficiency tx |
treat underlying issue if malabsorption, increase iron intake |
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megaloblastic anemia |
RBC's lg and abnormal RBC's easily destroyed usual cause is B12 & folate deficiancy |
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B12 deficiency/pernicious anemia causes |
*malabsorption of B12 & other nutrients* gastrectomy, resection of ileum, crohns |
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chronic disease to cause anemia |
chronic endocrine, tumors, inflammation ETOH liver and renal disease |
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hemolytic anemia- 2 types |
intrinsic-within RBC extrinsic-outside of RBC |
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intrinsic hemolytic anemia |
sickle cell |
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extrinsic hemolytic anemia |
acquired hemolytic anemia (transfusion rxn) |
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hemorrhagic anemia |
acute bld loss-shock, trauma chronic bld loss-gastritis, mentration, hemorrhoids |
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hemorrhagic anemia tx |
albumin, NS, PRBC's, LR control bleeding |
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Sickle Cell Anemia |
defect in beta chain- Hgb S Hgb S sensitive to O2 level-low causes crisis=clumping
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RBC life when Hgb S level is HIGH |
only 12-15 days |
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triggers for sickle cell crisis |
extreme heat or cold hypoxia dehydration infection pregnancy ETOH |
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acquired hemolytic anemia |
factors OUTSIDE of the RBC severe burns, valves, dialysis, radiation, auto-immune disorders |
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aplastic anemia |
all levels are low tx is to give bld caused by radiation, toxic agents, bone marrow depression |
