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144 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
10% Reconstruction Plan
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Wade-Davis Bill
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13th Amendment
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Abolishment of Slavery
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Black Codes
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State laws passed to try and keep the Freemen as 2nd class citizens.
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Civil Rights Bill
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Vetoed by Johnson, Overridden by Congress
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14th Amendment
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The right to citizenship
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Military Reconstruction Act
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The south was divided into 5 districts. General U.S. Grant was to oversee the districts.
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15th Amendment
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Right for Black Freeman to vote
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Ku Klux Klan. Who was the first member?
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Started in Tenn. Hate group, didnt like the 15th Amendment. Started out as a Faternal Organization, then Charity group.NATHAN BEDFORD-1st Member
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Force Acts of 1870-1871
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Acts to curtail the violence of the KKK. Set curfew, no riding horses at night.
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Impeachment Pres. Andrew Johnson
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Weak president. Had the 50% Reconst. Plan. Impeached but not removed.(For Abuse of Power - Tenure of office Acts)
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Tenure of office Acts
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Senate must approve firing of a position by the president. Sentate passed to set-up Johnson so they could impeach him. Later Supreme Court found Unconst.
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Freedmans Bureau
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Three parts:
Charitable organization Land distribution, Mostly known for there education. |
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Alaska
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AKA as Seward's Folly, purchased for 7.2 million from Russia.
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Seward's Folly
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Purchase of Alaska
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U.S. Grant
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Weak president, controlled by congress. Presidency marked by corruption.
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Black Friday
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Attempt to corner the Gold market.
Jim Fisk and Jay Gould set-up Pres. Grant to look like he was a part of it. Bought up Gold, raised price, didnt let Govt. release gold into the market. Later, Grant releases Gold all at once people lost everything. Depression hits country. |
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Credit Mobiler Scandal
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Largest Scandal. About the Trans-Cont. Railroads. Company owned by OAK AMES- member of the house. Oak bribed everyone in congress many people implicated. Monopoly on business. Govt. paid the business to build RR.
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Whiskey Ring
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Liquor Tax, Sec of Treasury pockets money.
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Belknap Bribery
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Sec. of War responsible for maintaining Indian Reservations. Company bribed to get contract money funneled into wifes acct.
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Tammany Hall and Boss Tweed
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Dem. Political machine - William Tweed. Most corrupt machine. Taken down by Thomas Nast -cartoonist.
Samuel Tilden had Tweed arrested for corruption. |
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Hayes-Tilden Election 1876
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Worst Corruption election in U.S. history.No clear winner. House committee decide Hayes wins.
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Compromise of 1877
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Ended the Reconstruction period.
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James Garfield
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2nd shortest presidential tenure.
Assassinated by Charles Guiteau. Chester Arthur becomes president. |
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Chester Arthur
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Becomes president after James Garfield was assassinated. Pendleton Act passed.
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Pendleton Act of 1883
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As a result of Garfields assassination, got rid of the spoils system. Civil Service Reform.
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Grover Cleveland
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Only person to have two NON-consecutive terms.
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Benjamin Harris
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Only Grandfather and Grandson that served as presidents.
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Robber Barons (and examples)
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Monopolistic head of an Industry
Rockefeller-Oil/Trusts Carnegie - Steel/Vertical Integration Morgan Banks |
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Interstate Commerce Commision (ICC)
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First regulatory commission for RR. Mainly passed to pacify the farmers. Not effective because of the corruption.
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The Railroads (Two Companies)
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Union Pacific NE to West (1086 miles)
Central Pacific CA to Omaha (689 miles) |
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Wedding of the Rails
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Promitory Point
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Most of the Labor for the RRs came from what three groups?
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Freedman -Union
Chinese -Central Irish Union |
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Positive Impact of Railroads
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Time Zones, Trade, Travel, Industries
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Negative Impact of Railroads
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Shipping industry goes down, Indians, Ghost towns, High crime, Death
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What is a Trust ?
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Owning of more than one company. Group of investors buy up stock. Ex: own all oil refineries.
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Sherman Anti-Trust Act
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Passes to appease the workers, outlawed trusts.
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John D. Rockefeller
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Oil Baron, Created the Trusts
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Andrew Carnegie
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Steel Baron, Created Vertical Integration
Ex: buys up the entire industry. |
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J.P. Morgan
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Banks
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Labor Unions (Three)
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Tried to establish working regulations.
National Labor Union Knights of Labor AFL |
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Haymarket Square Massacre
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Knights of Labor blamed for killing police in a national strike.
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National Labor Union (Who could join? Problem?)
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Everyone could join.
Problem, more interested in Social Reform |
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Knights of Labor (Who could join? Problem?)
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Everyone could join.
Problem, more interested in Social Reform |
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AFL (Founder? Who cold join?)
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Samuel Gompers.
Only skilled labor white males. |
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Samuel Gompers
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Founded AFL union.
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Thomas Edison
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Discovered Electricity, More Patents that anyone else.
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Alexander Graham Bell
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Invented the Telephone
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John Wilkes Booth
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Assassinated Abraham Lincoln
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Two main groups migrating to the City.
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Immigrants (Outside), Country/Rual (inside).
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Most Immigrants are coming from what areas?
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Southern Europe (Italians), Eastern Europe(Jews)
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Reasons for migration to the city?
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RR is robbing land from farmers, Country is becoming industrialized.
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List some problems within the city.
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Overcrowding, increase in crime, lack of jobs, homelessness, disease
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Groups that rise up for reform
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Churches, Tammany Hall, Jane Adams/Hull house, Civil Rights groups, Press
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Social Gospel
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Dwight L. Moody
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Jane Adams
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Hull House, settlement houses, basic education. Starting of Womens Rights.
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Mary Baker Eddy
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Founded Christian Science.
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YMCA
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Reform group that helped boys/girls
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Booker T. Washington
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Founded Tuskegee Inst.(Slave); believed the fight was life long.
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W.E.B Dubois
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1st Black Harvard PHD. Sociology, founded NAACP.
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The Press AKA...
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Changes to Sensationalism to get the attention of the reader: Yellow Journalism
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Joseph Pulitzer and William Hearst
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Robber Barons of newspaper industry.
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Authors of the Reform movement period
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Mark Twain, Stephen Crane, Jack London, Emily Dickenson, William Halze
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Emily Dickenson
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Americas Favorite Poet
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Inventor of Basketball (YMCA)
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James Nay Smith
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Annie Oakley
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Woman Sharp-shooter: Greatest on the face of the earth
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The Great Train Robbery
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1st full length film.
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Indian Wars: Bozeman Trail
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Wagon Trail, Ambush type warfare - Indians led victory 1866
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Fettermans Defeat
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Only time the Indians could dictate the peace treaty. Treaty of Laramy made Army abandon Bozeman trail
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Battle of Little Big Horn
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Most famous of Indian Wars battle. Custers Last Stand. Sent to protect the Gold miners.
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Geronimo
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Apache Chief, Surrendered at Skeleton Canyon. (Starts on Wild West Shows)
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Chief Joseph
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Head of Nez Perce tribe
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Wounded Knee
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Indian Massacre. Indians gave up their guns by mistake army started shooting. End of Indian Wars.
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Helen Hunt Jackson
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Stood up for Indians. Wrote Book A Century of Dishonor
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The Grange
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Co-ops for Farmers/ Helped find politicians that favored farmers and lobby for change.
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Populist Party
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A Party the Farmers created to have more say in political matters. (Peoples Party)
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Billion Dollar Congress
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Wanted to make everyone happy. Gave bonus to civil war vets.
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Sherman-Silver Act
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Farmers agreed silver would be their currency. Govt. approved and bought up all the silver. Robber Barons get Gold. Farmers get Silver.
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Mckinley Tariff
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Eliminated Europe competition. Industry protectionism.
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Panic of 1893
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Causes depression. A series of shocks that undermined public confidence and weakened the economy. Under President Grover Cleveland.
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Coxeys Army
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Jacob Coxey marched on Washington to Protest.
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Pullman Strike
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RR Strikers? Army had to be called in because they disrupted the US Mail.
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Eugene V. Debs
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In Charge of Pullman Strike.
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Who nominated William Jennings Bryan and what speech is he famous for?
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Nominated by Populist Party, Nominated by Democratic Party Gave speech Cross of Gold
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How did William Mckinley change the face of campaigning?
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Wins 1896 Election against William Jennings Bryan, Changed the face of campaigning hired a campaign manager, Mark Hannah (He solicited money).
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Josiah Strong
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Missionary to Asia(China), outspoken supported for Asia
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Alfred Thayer Mahan
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Capt in U.S. Navy wrote Possibilties of World Domination Influence of Sea
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USS Maine
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Ship sent to Cuba as a show of force. Mysteriously exploded.
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Teller Amendment
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Amendment to the Declarations of war.
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Commodore George Dewey
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Commander of the Navy Fleet in Philippines. Battle of Manila Bay. 1st Shots of war over Cuba.
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Leonard Wood
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In Charge of the Rough Riders (Later becomes governor of Cuba)
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Theodore Roosevelt (Rough Riders)
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In charge of East
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Buck Oneil
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In Charge of West Rough Riders
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Treaty of Paris 1898
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Ends the Spanish American War
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Platt Amendment
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US can intervene in Cuba and gets G.Bay
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Joseph Wheeler
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Comes out of retirement to help train Rough Riders in Florida.
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Election 1900
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William McKinley wins, Theodore Roosevelt is VP.
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Leon F. Czolgosz
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Assassinates William McKinley.
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Roosevelt Corollary
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Theodore Roosevelts policy on Foreign Affairs to the Monroe Doctrine.
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Muckrakers
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New Type of Investigative Journalism
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Ida Tarbell
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Most Famous Muckraker, Wrote for Mclures Standard Oil. They Expose ugliness.
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Lincoln Steffens
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Author of Shame of the Cities
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Jacob Riis
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Author How the other half lives
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Stephan Crane
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Author Maggie A girl of the streets.
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Upton Sinclair
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Author The Jungle Worker Life, impact meat business.
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17th Amendment
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Direct Election of Senators
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Triangle Shirtwaist Co
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Disaster killed 146 women in a sewing factory. This brought about reform.
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Square Deal
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Theodore Roosevelts Platform. The Three Cs: Control Corporations, Consumer Protection, and Conservatism.
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Anthracite Coal Strike
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Strike affecting schools, Roosevelt stepped in and took control of mines.
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Three biggest changes from Political Reform.
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1.Creation of Recall vote 2. Direct Primary Election 3. Created 17th Amdendment.
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Theodore Roosevelt (Re-elected after Mclinley) Platform
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The Square Deal
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Elkins Act and Hepburn Act
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Examples of Corporation Control Three Cs of Roosevelt
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Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food Drug
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Examples of Consumer Control Three Cs of Roosevelt
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Forest Reserve Act and Newlands Act
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Examples of Conservation Three Cs of Roosevelt
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As a result of the nomations for Election of 1912, What does Roosevelt do?
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Create the Bull-Moose party
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Who wins the election of 1912?
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Woodrow Wilson (Taft Roosevelt split votes)
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New Freedom Platform
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Woodrow Wilsons Platform
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Three principles of the Triple wall of Privilege
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Three Principles of the New Freedom Platform: Taxes/Tariffs, Trusts, Banks
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16th Amendment
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Federal Tax Income
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Underwood Tariff
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Lowered tariffs on hundreds of items that could be produced more cheaply in the United States than abroad.
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Federal Reserve Act
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Created the Federal Reserve Banks
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Federal Trade Commission
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Regulates business, Kills Monopolies
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Clayton-Trust Act
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Labor Reform, outlawed Anti-trust laws.
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Poncho Villa
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Biggest Rebel in Mexico History. Trying to take over Mexican government Kills Americans- trying to get U.S. to go to war with Mexico.
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John J. Pershing
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Rough Riders, In charge of searching out Poncho Villa
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Franz Ferdinand
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Arch Duke from Austria-Hungry, Assassinated The beginnings of WWI.
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List the 4 Allied Powers of WWI
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France, Russia, Britain, (Later USA)
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List the 3 Central Powers of WWI
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Germany, Austri-Hungry, Ottuman Empire(Turkey).
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What country mobilized and attacked first in WWI?
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Germany mobilized troops first and attacked first by surprise.
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List reason why the war between Germany and France became stagnant.
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Machine guns, Artillery, Barbed wire, Mustard Gas, U-Boats
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U-Boats
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German owned Submarines, did not discriminate against neutral or merchant ships.
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The Lusitonia
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A British passenger ship that was sunk by a U-Boat. 128 Americans died.
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Factors that bring U.S. into the War (WWI)
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U-boats, sinking of The Lusitonia, Sinking American ships, Catching German Spies in U.S., THE ZIMMERMAN TELEGRAM.
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The Zimmerman telegram
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German foreign minister sends telegram to Mexico asking them to invade the US. Telegraph was intercepted and confirmed by Mexico.
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What four higher reasons does Wilson use in making entry to the war a ideological Crusade ?
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1.World safe for democracy, 2. Take out Tyrants/Dictatorships 3. War to end all Wars. 4. Created "14 points"
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Wilson Fourteen Points
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Woodrow Wilsons ideological Crusade
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Creation of League of Nations
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Woodrow Wilson, never became a part of it, came out of his 14 points
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AEF American Expeditionary Force (The Army)
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John J. Pershing Headed up (Army)
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George Creel
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Head of Committee on Public Information
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Committee on Public Information
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Raised morale of the country
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Food Administration
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Headed by Herbert Hoover
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19th Amendment
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Last progressive Amendments Womens right to vote.
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Treaty of Versailles
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End of WWI
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Article 231
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AKA War guilt cause
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