Civil War/ Reconstruction

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reconstruction

Back 1

equals rebuilding

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reconstruction 2

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a time after the civil war where the federal gov protected the rights of newly free slaves

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reconstruction 3

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This was the time to reunite the north and the south and not a time to rebuild the south's economy (aka money)

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reconstruction 4

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the united states did not think that it was their responsibility to rebuild the south's economy; they felt that it was each state's responsibility

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plans of reconstruction 1

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President Lincoln had a plan because the confederate leaders refused to protect the rights of newly freed slaves

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plans of reconstruction 2

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Congress passed a 2nd plan that brought federal military to many southern states to ensure that newly freed slaves rights were protected

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amendments

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changes to the constitution

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13th amendment

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abolished slavery

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14th amendment

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gave African americans the rights to be treated as citizens of the US

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15th amendment

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gave African americans the right to vote

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new constitution

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with the help of many African americans states had to write a new constitution that recognized these rights

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African Americans were now allowed 4 things

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vote, own property, serve on juries, and be elected to legislature (government)

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Happy or unhappy

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the elite were very unhappy that African americans were given these rights

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to participate or not

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Many whites refused to participate in gov as long as African americans were able to vote/hold office

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scalawags

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whites called anyone who cooperated with the new state government this name

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carpetbaggers

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northerners who came to SC as missionaries or for jobs and money

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kkk

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the Ku Klux Klan tried to intimidate freed men by burning their homes and churches to prevent them from exercising their rights

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elite

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most political power, very wealthy, owned many slaves

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middle class

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merchants, doctors, lawyers, not wealthy but comfortable, owned a slave or two, lived in town

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lower class

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no skills, no education, very poor, no power, owned nothing, often competed with the slaves for jobs

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free blacks

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had a skill to earn a living, some education, children educated in a skill or at home

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slaves

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illegal to read and write, no power, no freedom, very few had skills, very poor, owned nothing

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elite children

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private tutors or schools, well educated

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lower class children

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no education, had to work with parents to earn money

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slave children

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no education, no freedom, worked the same as parents did

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elites and slave children

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both lived on plantations

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lower and slave children

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often did the same time of jobs

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how were some slaves able to become free blacks?

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by having a skill- blacksmith, seamstress, cobbler, carpenter . . . they shared a portion with their masters, over time they purchased their freedom

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attitude of southerners towards slaves

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slaves were property owned by the master

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who invented the cotton gin

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eli whitney- and the gin caused slavery to increase- more cotton could be cleaned faster

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abolitionist

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abolotionists believed slavery was wrong and spoke out against it

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two famous abolotionists

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Grimke sisters- quakers forced to leave SC

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underground railroad

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a system of hidden, secret routes, taking slaves to freedom in the north

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what political beliefs did southerners have about gov?

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southerners believed in state rights to decide what is best for each state and that states had the right to keep slaves if they decided it was best

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what caused SC to secede from the Union

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Lincoln was elected President and they feared he would end slavery

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what was the blockade of charleston

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union ships blocked the harbor and cut off ships going in and out as a result SC ran out of supplies and food

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what even started the civil war

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shots fired by the confederate troops on union troops at fort sumter

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what was the purpose of the HL Hunley

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to break through the blockade by sinking a union ship - it was successful in sinking the ship but not breaking the blockade

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Robert smalls

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was a slave that became a boat pilot and worked on the docks, he imitated the caption of a conferate ship and escaped past the forts in the harbor to reach freedom by surrendering the ship to the union hsips positioned off the harbor. he went on to be a pilot of a union navy ship; he returned to SC to serve as a state senator

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general Sherman's goal- march to sea

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the goals was to destroy factories, crops, bridges and railroads to make the south surrender

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Elite affected

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still had most of the power- lost money and land

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plantations affected

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plantation system no longer existed

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farming affected

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truck farming started; sharecropping started

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economy affected

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sharecropping became a way many farmers lived; textile mills grew, railroads, built mill villages around mills

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slaves affected

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freed and now called freedman, had no education or many and many stayed on as sharecroppers, many moved north for factory jobs or west for free land

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elite affected socially

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lost land and money but still had power and some plantations

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middle class affected socially

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lost business and money but able to have same job as before such as lawyer, doctor, artisan, merchant

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lower class affected socially

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competed with former slaves /freedman for jobs and became sharecroppers and still poor and uneducated

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slaves affected socially

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became sharecroppers, moved west or north, remained poor and often lived on the same plantation where they were a slave

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sharecropping

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a system where a landowner divided his land into smaller farming tracts; they often owed more than they made at harvest time and continued to increase their debt and never could get ahead because they had to buy supplies at very high prices.

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how did farming change during reconstruction

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truck farming from vegetable gardens started; sharecropping started

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economy during reconstruction

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sharecropping became a way; textile mills; railroads; mill villages

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education during reconstruction

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free public education for both blacks and whites

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freedmans bureau

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it was established to provide medical care, food, and education to newly free slaves called Freedman.

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who is meagan

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someone who needs a shower

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who is zachary

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someone who is grouchy

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who it buttercup

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a cute dog

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who is mistletoe

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a cute cat

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who is molly

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a heavy dog when she leans on you