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81 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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blend vs. digraph
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blend = blend, digraph = digraph
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medial
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middle of words; not short or long
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schwa
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occurs in unaccented syllables ("teacher")
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vowel digraph
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ex: "read"
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vowel dipthong
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2 letters = 1 sound ("boat")
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every syllable contains a
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vowel
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analytic phonics
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whole : part
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synthetic phonics
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part : whole
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3 Rs of teaching
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review, reteach, reinforce
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letter or combo of letters that represents a sound
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phonogram
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written symbol for a sound
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grapheme
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smallest unit of sound
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phoneme
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# of basic phonograms
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72
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2 components of word fluency
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sight words, phonics
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3 types of words
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unknown, acquainted, established
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6 components of PA
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BIRDSS-- blending, isolation, rhyming, deletion, substitution, segementation
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need to know for word fluency (2 things)
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sight words, phonics
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4 ways to respond to read-aloud
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oral, written, visual, physical
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2 kinds of paired reading
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echo, buddy
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how to remediate readers struggling with vocab
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READ! :-)
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Levin's 3 R's vocabulary technique
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record
relate retrieve |
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semantic impressions technique
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create story w/vocab words BEFORE reading story
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best predictor of reading achievement
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vocabulary
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vocab strategy where students find similarities between words
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connect two
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3 parts of comprehension
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reader + text + transaction
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7 comprehension strategies
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making connections
questioning inferences determining importance synthesis of info repair monitor visualization |
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3 types of connections w/text
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text-text, text-self, text-world
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3 things involved in comprehending
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reading + exploring + applying
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GRR model (def. + 3 parts)
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Gradual Release of Responsibility (explain + demonstrate + assist)
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amount of time for prereading
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15 minutes
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4 kinds of readers (diff. levels)
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tacit
aware strategic reflective |
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1st step in language acquisition
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phonemic awareness
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3 stages of learning language
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observe/imitate, single word/phrase, initial understanding of grammar
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RTI (what it stands for)
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response to intervention
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discrepancy model
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when there is a gap between projected performance and actual performance
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what to assess in student screening (K-3rd grade)
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K--PA, letters
1--PA, fluency 2--nonsense words 3 and up--fluency |
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DIBELS stands for
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Dynamic Indications of basic Early Literacy Skills
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steps to DIBELS approach
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screening, monitor progress, diagnose, assess outcome
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DIBELS benchmarks (numbers); low vs. high readers
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0 to 12 = emergent
13 to 23 = developing 24 and up = proficient benchmark = 13; below that is low |
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what to focus on during reading time
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1st 2 weeks = whole group
3rd and 4th week = est. routine 5th and up = strategy |
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3 tiers of RTI
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tier I = 90 min, need based groups (dev. + proficient)
tier II = 30 min, lowest of the low (emergent readers) tier III = 30 min, special ed |
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2 parts of balanced reading program
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PA + children's lit
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reading by associating sounds w/letters
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cipher reading
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systematically deleting words in a text; teaches students that guessing does work
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cloze procedure
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sound boxes
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Elkonin
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practice or curriculum that provides for all areas of a child's development
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developmentally appropriate practices
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2 consecutive consonants that make 1 sound
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consonant digraph
ex: siCK, couGH, CHip |
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theories of cognitive dev. that emph. the active role of learners in constructing meaning
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constructivism
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4 decoding problems
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reversals- say for day
inversions- seeing 1st letter upside down transpositions- mixing up letters (felt for left) substitutions- ex: house for home |
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sequential, focused instruction
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direct
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highly interactive process between children and teachers that involves the whole or a large group to think about, talk about, and read a selection of text together
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guided reading
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kids learn concepts for themselves
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discovery learning
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beg. of words (contains vowel)
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onset
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end of words
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rime
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graded passages of reading; used to asses students
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informal reading inventories (IRI)
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small groups read same book, discuss
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literacy circles
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reading strategy where teacher asks a Q, then the students play "teacher" and ask Qs
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reciprocal teaching
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5 items in literacy
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listen
speak write read view |
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phoneme
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smallest unit of sound
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PA
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ability to distinguish ind. sounds in a word
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grapheme
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smallest written unit of sound (letter)
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flexible grouping
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groups not arranged by ability
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strategy that focuses on student experiences (ex: writing about a trip to the zoo)
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language experience approach (LEA)
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author's chair
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student talks about his/her own writing
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dipthong
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2 sounds = 1 sound (boil)
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reader's theatre
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assign play, kids act out parts
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anchor words
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words that make up 25% of language (13 of them)
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3 necessities to valid testing
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accurate
fair reasonable |
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3 reading levels
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independent, instructional, frustration
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choral reading
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students read together at the same time
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story mapping
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visual rep. of a story
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SQ3R (comprehension strat)
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survey
question read, recite, review |
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SQ4R
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survey
question read, REFLECT, recite, review |
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LEP
(what it stands for) |
limited English proficiency
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PA
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manipulate sounds in language
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how many hours of PA strategies
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20
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5 steps to a reading lesson
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prereading
reading responding exploring applying |
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3 things you need to understand in learning to read (steps)
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letters have meaning
sound/letter correspondence words move L to R |
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started reading recovery
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Marie Clay
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awareness of all sounds in a given language
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phonological awareness
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how many sounds in language
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44
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