Reading And Writing

Front 1

It is defined as the ability to read, write, speak, and listen, which allows us to communicate effectively with one another

Back 1

Literacy

Front 2

On a global scale, UNESCO (2019) indicates that ___ million youth and adults cannot read and write, while ___ million children are failing to develop basic literacy skills.

Back 2

773 and 250

Front 3

What is the Strap Strategy?

Back 3

Subject, Type, Role, Audience, Purpose

Front 4

What is the first step of the reading process?

Back 4

Pre-reading

Front 5

What reading process involves note taking, annotating, etc.?

Back 5

Reading

Front 6

What should the reader do after reading?

Back 6

Re-read

Front 7

What should be the last step of the reading process?

Back 7

Reflect

Front 8

What is the first step of the writing process?

Back 8

Pre-writing

Front 9

What activities can be done in pre-writing?

Back 9

Outlining

Front 10

Should the writer submit the written paper right after finishing it?

Back 10

No, it should be reviewed, revised, and edited.

Front 11

What is the difference of revising and editing?

Back 11

Revising refers to changes in content, while editing refers to changes in format.

Front 12

What is the last step of the writing process?

Back 12

Publishing

Front 13

What are the 3 levels of reading?

Back 13

Literal, Inferential, Evaluative

Front 14

What does Inferential Reading means?

Back 14

Reading between the lines

Front 15

What does applied/evaluative reading means?

Back 15

Reading beyond the lines

Front 16

What does Literal Reading mean?

Back 16

Reading on the lines

Front 17

STRAP

Establishing expectations

Back 17

Pre-Reading

Front 18

Note taking

Annotating

Questioning

Back 18

Reading

Front 19

Forming a clearer understanding

Back 19

Rereading

Front 20

Summarizing

Seeking further answers

Back 20

Reflecting

Front 21

Planning

Outlining

Back 21

Pre-Writing

Front 22

Exploring details

Back 22

Writing

Front 23

Reviewing draft

Back 23

Revising

Front 24

Making changes

Back 24

Editing

Front 25

Submission/Posting of Work

Back 25

Publishing

Front 26

Reader links the text and his/her own experience and knowledge to develop annanswer

Back 26

Applied/Evaluative

Front 27

Reader interprets the information to find answer

Back 27

Inferential

Front 28

Reader finds the answer in the text.

Back 28

Literal

Front 29

Identify the main ideas of the paragraph/short story.

Recall details that support the main ideas.

Organize the sequence in which the main ideas occurred.

Back 29

Literal Reading

Front 30

Predict endings and anticipate consequences

State reasons for events

Make generalizations

Back 30

Inferential Reading

Front 31

Make comparisons

Make judgments

Make recommendations and suggestions

Make decisions

Create alternate endings

Back 31

Applied/Evaluative Reading

Front 32

It is a combination of words and phrases to create something meaningful and comprehensive for other people.

Back 32

Discourse

Front 33

It is the use of language to formally discuss a given topic and to effectively communicate ideas.

Back 33

Discourse

Front 34

It is a mode of discourse that is used to tell a story or series of events, often in chronological order.

Back 34

Narrative

Front 35

It is a mode of discourse that is used to describe a given subject by relatingto the five senses, in order for the readers to visualize the topic.

Back 35

Descriptive

Front 36

It is a mode of discourse that is used to inform the readers by explaining or expounding on the topic, as objectively as possible.

Back 36

Exposition

Front 37

It is a mode of discourse that is used to convince the readers to accept the writer’s claim, opinion, or solution by using evidence to support it.

Back 37

Argument

Front 38

Analysing a discourse is

Back 38

Contextual

Front 39

These are some of the most common factors involved in analyzing a piece of discourse:

Back 39

Culture

Social environment

Personal experiences

Front 40

It requires a set of standards specific for a certain field of learning and higher education.

It uses formal language, citing facts and evidences, use of vocabulary, and writing mechanics

Follows the standard format-Introduction, Body, Conclusion

Back 40

Academic Discourse

Front 41

Texts are often subject for interpretation

creative fiction and non-fiction.

It can be a poetic, expressive, or transactional discourse.

Back 41

Literary Discourse

Front 42

It is a process in which the writer collaborates with others to explore topics, develops ideas and/or proposes solutions to a problem

Back 42

Brainstorming

Front 43

Searching for references in selecting organization

Back 43

Researching

Front 44

Organize ideas, see relationships, and retain information through the use of visual representations, icons and symbols.

Back 44

Graphic Organizers

Front 45

organizing a hierarchal set of information

Back 45

The Network Tree

Front 46

contains cause and effect problems and solutions

Back 46

Problem Solution Map

Front 47

comparing and contrasting two different concepts

Back 47

Venn Diagram

Front 48

organizing information according to various steps or stages

Back 48

Events Chain

Front 49

a diagram that helps make the decision between alternative courses of action

Back 49

Flowchart

Front 50

a topic outline lists words and phrases

Back 50

Outlining

Front 51

possible structures: compare-contrast, chronological, sequential, advantages disadvantages/Pros vs. Cons, cause & effect, problem-solution, topic-specific

Back 51

Outlining

Front 52

It refers to how ideas are presented

Back 52

Organization

Front 53

arranges information according to a progression of time, either forward or backward

Back 53

Chronological Pattern

Front 54

each main section of information represents a particular period, and the sub-points contained within each main section refer to significant events that occurred within that time frame.

Back 54

Chronological Pattern

Front 55

similar to a chronological pattern but arranges information according to a step-by-step sequence that describes a particular process.

Back 55

Sequential Pattern

Front 56

each main section of information represents a main step that one would follow in the actual process.

Back 56

Sequential Pattern

Front 57

arranges information according to how things fit together in physical space

Back 57

Spatial Pattern

Front 58

when a writer wishes to create a mental picture of something which has various parts distinguished by physical location

Back 58

Spatial Pattern

Front 59

arranges information from least to most important idea, and vice versa.

Back 59

Order of Importance Pattern

Front 60

When writing a persuasive essay, it is best to begin with the most important point because it immediately captivates your readers and compels them to continue reading.

Back 60

Order of Importance Pattern

Front 61

the quality of being logical, consistent and able to be understood

Back 61

Coherence

Front 62

connection occurs when ideas are connected at the conceptual level

Back 62

Coherence

Front 63

refers to the act of forming a whole unit

Back 63

Cohesion

Front 64

a subset of coherence

Back 64

Cohesion

Front 65

connection occurs at a sentence level

Back 65

Cohesion

Front 66

helps connect words and carry a thought from one idea to another

Back 66

Transitional Devices/Words

Front 67

should be concrete and specific that includes effective descriptions which creates tangible image and objects that the readers can visualize

Back 67

Language

Front 68

Language should not be...

Back 68

Too Informal

Too exaggerated

Too Vague

Front 69

joining two independent clauses with a comma and no conjunction.

Back 69

Comma Splice

Front 70

two or more independent clauses are connected improperly.

Back 70

Run-on sentences

Front 71

two or more phrases or clauses in a sentence that have the same grammatical structure.

Back 71

Lack of Parallelism

Front 72

A _____ is used to show the difference between two separate ideas or elements within a sentence. ______ have other usages as well, as they can be used to separate numbers, and write date.

Back 72

Comma

Front 73

You use a _________ to connect independent clauses that have similar ideas (but you do not use a coordinating conjunction between them).

Back 73

Semicolon

Front 74

You can use a _____ before an explanation (or an independent clause), a list, or a quote.

Back 74

Colon

Front 75

It is the art of effective or persuasive speaking or writing, especially the use of figures ofspeech and other compositional techniques.

Back 75

Rhetoric

Front 76

It refers to any regularly repeatedarrangements.

Back 76

Pattern

Front 77

Ways of organizing informationto convey a specificinformation effectively

Back 77

Rhetorical Patterns

Front 78

Repeated pattern of languageand delivery

Back 78

Rhetorical Patterns

Front 79

It shows what happened, who andwhat was involved, when andwhere it took place, and how onthing led to another.

Back 79

Narration

Front 80

- Nouns can be observed a lot.

- Verbs drive the storyforward and transition wordsand phrases to orient thereader to the sequence ofevents when writing such in atext

Back 80

Narration

Front 81

It uses adjectives andadverbs that add moredetail to the description.

Back 81

Description

Front 82

- A factual account of its physical or concretecharacteristics

- Appeals to the readers’ intellect, and is alsosometimes called informative, scientific, or technical

Back 82

Objective Descriptive

Front 83

- Includes the writer’s personal insights,biases, and opinions

- Uses choice words or phrases that are meant toinvoke certain emotional responses from the reader.

Back 83

Subjective Descriptive

Front 84

Both explains, demonstrate, orsupport the main topic or thesisstatement. The other usesevidences, while the other usesexamples.

Back 84

ILLUSTRATION VS.EXEMPLIFICATION

Front 85

Evidences

Back 85

Illustration

Front 86

Examples

Back 86

Exemplification

Front 87

It expands upon the main ideaby dividing it into its morespecific and distinguishableparts and arranging themaccording to their sharedcharacteristic.

Back 87

Classification

Front 88

It focuses on illustrating whatmakes two or more differentsubjects similar to each other,while contrasts focus onillustrating what makes themdifferent

Back 88

Comparison and Contrast

Front 89

It is used to identify andunderstand how these two relateto one another and discusspotential theories if suchconnections are not yet known

Back 89

Cause and Effect

Front 90

Used whendiscussing how a single cause has multipleeffects.

Back 90

Cause-to-Effect Pattern

Front 91

Used whendiscussing how a single effect has multiplecauses.

Back 91

Effect-to-Cause Pattern-

Front 92

Complete discussion of the first set ofcauses and effects before moving to another.

Back 92

Consecutive Cause-to-Effect Pattern-