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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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general characteristics of renal failure
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high creatinine (rapid increase)
oligouria azotemia (elevated BUN) |
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renal failure b/c vascular compartment
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Prerenal ARF
-low b flow |
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causes of prerenal ARF
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decreased blood flow
hypotension volume depletion hemorrhage sepsis |
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renal failure b/c kidney
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Intrarenal ARF
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causes of intrarenal ARF
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Drug Induced Tubular necrosis (most common)
tubular or interstitial dz |
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renal failure b/c obstruction
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Postrenal ARF
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Tubulointerstitial diseases
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Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN cast)
-ischemic -nephrotoxic Drug Induced Interstitial Necrosis (eos, creat, WBC cast) Acute Pyelonephritis (polis, casts, pus) Chronic Pyelonephritis (cortex thin, thyroid) Cast Nephropathy (lambda, kappa, frag'd casts, giant cells) |
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Pt w/burn, hemorrhage, or shock
Gross: pale cortex, swollen brown, grannular casts in urine LM: flat brush border, gunk in tubule |
Acute Tubular Necrosis
Ischemic |
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Pt on Abs (sulfa drug), post contrast, heavy metal, carbon, poisons
LM: flat brush border, gunk in tubule, diffuse, cytoplasmic atypia |
Acute Tubular Necrosis
Nephrotoxic |
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Pt on Abs, NSAIDs, Diuretics, Ace inhibs
HIGH creatinine UA: WBC cast, eos, lymphos LM: eos, lymphos, cellular, glom & vessels ok |
Drug Induced Interstitial Nephritis
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Pt post UTI, reflux, bacterial sepsis
B sx's, flank pain, CVA tender UA: leuko casts, polis Gross: pockets of pus LM: inflamm, polis, WBC casts in tubules |
acute pyelonephritis
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Gross: polar scar
Histo: atrophy, scarring, contracted papillary tip, thin, pitted cortex, dilation Thyroid like appearance |
chronic pyelonephritis
untreated acute or obstruction/reflux |
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Cast Nephrophathy
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Pt w/ myelomeloma, lymphoma
LM: fragmented casts, multinucleated giant cells IMFL: kappa/lambda positive |
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tamm horsfall protein
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protein componant of casts
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acute tubular necrosis (key words)
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brown grannular casts
flattened brush border necrosis nephrotoxic or ischemic |
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Drug Induced Interstitial Nephritis (keywords)
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eosiniphils
WBC casts ELEVATED creatinine |
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Acute Pyelonephritis (keywords)
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WBC casts
pockets of pus Polis |
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Chronic Pyelonephritis (keywords)
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atrophy, scarring
cortical thinning (polar scar) contracted papillary tip thyroid-like |
