R&e Ch. 8

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A computer analysis of qualitative data?

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means that researchers use a qualitative computer program to facilitate the process of storing, analyzing, and making sense of data.

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A preliminary exploratory analysis?

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in qualitative research consists of obtaining a general sense of data, memoing, ideas, thinking about the organization of the data, and considering whether more data are needed.

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Codes?

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are labels used to describe a segment of text or an image.

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coding process?

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is a qualitative research process in which the researcher makes sense out of text data, divides it into text or image segments, labels the segments, examines codes for overlap and redundancy, and collapses these codes into themes.

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contrary evidence?

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is information that does not support or confirm the themes and provides contradictory evidence for a theme.

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describing and developing themes from the data?

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in qualitative research consists of answering the major research questions and developing an in-depth understanding of the central phenomenon.

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Description?

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is a detailed rendering of people, places, or events in a setting in qualitative research.

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External Audit?

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in qualitative research is when a researcher hires or obtains the services of an individual outside the study to review many aspects of the research. This auditor reviews the project and writes or communicates an evaluation of the study.

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Hand analysis of qualitative data?

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means that researchers read the data and mark it by hand and divide the data into parts. Traditionally, hand analyzing or text data involves color coding parts of the text or cutting and pasting sentences onto cards.

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in vivo codes?

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are labels for categories (or themes) that are phrased in the exact words of participants rather than in the words of the researcher or in social science or educational terms.

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Interconnecting themes?

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means that the researcher connects the themes to display a chronology or sequence of events, such as when qualitative researchers generate a theoretical and conceptual model or report stories of individuals.

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Interpretation?

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means that the researcher steps back and forms some larger meaning about the phenomenon based on personal views, comparisons with past studies, or both.

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Layering the analysis?

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in qualitative research means representing the data using interconnected levels of themes.

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lean coding?

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is the assignment of only a few codes the first time a researcher goes through a manuscript.

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Member Checking?

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is a qualitative process during which the researcher asks one or more participants in the study to check the accuracy of the account.

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multiple perspectives?

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in qualitative research refer to evidence for a theme that is based on several viewpoints from different individuals and sources of data.

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Narrative Discussion?

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is a written passage in a qualitative study in which authors summarize, in detail, the findings from their data analysis.

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Qualitative data analysis computer program?

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are programs that store and organize qualitative data (ie. Text, such as transcribed interviews, or typed field notes) and facilitate the process of analyzing data.

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Saturation?

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in qualitative research is a state in which the researcher makes the subjective determination that new data will not provide any new information or insights for the developing categories.

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Text segments?

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are sentences or paragraphs that all relate to a single code in qualitative research.

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Themes?

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in qualitative research are similar codes aggregated together to form a major idea in the database.

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Transcription?

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is the process of converting audiotape recordings or field notes into text data.

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Triangulation?

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is the process of corroborating evidence from different individuals (eg. A principal and a student) types of data (eg. Observational fieldnotes and interviews), or methods of data collection (eg. documents and interviews) in descriptions and themes in qualitative research.

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Validating findings?

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in qualitative research means that the researcher determines the accuracy or credibility of the findings through strategies such as member checking or triangulation.